LATEST NWHSU HISTOLOGY 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS CURRENT UPDATE (A+ PASS)

LATEST NWHSU HISTOLOGY 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS CURRENT UPDATE (A+ PASS) 2 examples of endocrine glands - RIGHT ANSWER -pituitary gland and thyroid 2 examples of exocrine glands - RIGHT ANSWER -1. salivary glands 2. pancreas 2 types of epithelium that act as a primary line of defense - RIGHT ANSWER -ified inized epithelium 3 junctions making up terminal bar - RIGHT ANSWER -ZO, ZA, and MA 3 types of permanent junctions - RIGHT ANSWER -Zonule, fascia, and macula 6 layers of epidermis - RIGHT ANSWER -1. Stratum basale 2. Stratum spinosum 3. Stratum granulosum 4. Stratum lucidum 5. Stratum corneum 6. Stratum disjunction A characteristic label of a junction that is zipper like, very tight, impermeable - RIGHT ANSWER -Occludens A characteristic label of a junction that tightens as it is pulled apart - RIGHT ANSWER -Adherens A junction that is "strip" like - RIGHT ANSWER -Fascia a protein that is entirely through the membrane - RIGHT ANSWER -integral a protein that is partially through the membrame - RIGHT ANSWER -Associated ability to change cellular shape - RIGHT ANSWER -contractility ability to modify the resting membrane potential - RIGHT ANSWER -conductivity ability to use raw materials to make energy - RIGHT ANSWER -Respiration all cells must do what 2 funtions - RIGHT ANSWER -growth and respiration bits of rRNA come together to make what enzyme system - RIGHT ANSWER -ribosome Branched exocrine gland - RIGHT ANSWER -Compound Cells of the stratum basale that are sensory receptors - RIGHT ANSWER -Merkel disc Cells of the stratum spinosum, react to environmental irritation - RIGHT ANSWER -Langerhons cells cellular absorption - RIGHT ANSWER -endocytosis cellular absorption of particulates - RIGHT ANSWER -phagocytosis cellular absorption of soluble ions w/h20 - RIGHT ANSWER -pinocytosis cellular excretion/secretion - RIGHT ANSWER -exocytosis cellular growth increasing in number - RIGHT ANSWER -hyperplasia cellular growth increasing in size - RIGHT ANSWER -hypertrophy compare and contrast : microvilli vs cilia - RIGHT ANSWER -1. both are extensions of the membrane are long and microvilli are short are movement, microvilli are absorption 4. cilia have 9 doublets and 2 singlets compare and contrast : terminal Bar vs Terminal Web - RIGHT ANSWER -1. tb is part of membrane, tw is part of cytoplasm anchors filaments that affect mifrovilli (actin and myosin) tb is a junction between adjacent absorptive cells cant have tw, ciliated cells can have TB 4.Both involve secretion and absorpt compare and contrast centrioles vs cilia - RIGHT ANSWER -ioles are organelles, cilia are not 2. centrioles have 9 triplets, cilia have 9 doublets plus 2 3. both have microtubules 4. cilia=movement. centrioles= organize cell division compare and contrast: centrioles vs. microtubules - RIGHT ANSWER -ioles are organelles and microtubules are modification of the membrane 2. both are involved in forming mitotic spindles are non-membrane bound 4. centrioles -> basal bodies to anchor microtubules compare and contrast: golgi vs. rER - RIGHT ANSWER -1. golgi has double membrane, rER has a single is responsible for packaging and sorting (glycosylation), rER transports protein components to golgi. 3.rER is a site of translation compare and contrast: microtubules vs microfilaments - RIGHT ANSWER - are non-membrane bound tubules are hollow, microfilaments are solid tubules are the core of cilia, microfilaments are core of microvilli tubules are bigger than microfilaments Compare and contrast: Mitochondrion vs. nucleus - RIGHT ANSWER -1. both have double unit membrane 2.Mitochondria makes ATP, Nucleus is the control center of the cell compare and contrast: ribosomes vs. nucleolus - RIGHT ANSWER -ribosomes (rER) translate proteins for export, nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes are non-membrane bound omes come from nucleolus electrical difference between the inside and outside of the membrane - RIGHT ANSWER -Resting potential electron transport chain occurs in the ______ - RIGHT ANSWER -cristae entire cells are secreted - RIGHT ANSWER -Holocrine glands epithelium associated with absorption - RIGHT ANSWER -1. simple epithelia 2. microvilli epithelium associated with diffusion of gases - RIGHT ANSWER -simple squamous epithelium epithelium associated with respiratory tissue - RIGHT ANSWER -pseudostratified columnar with cilia and goblet cells epithelium associated with secretion - RIGHT ANSWER -glandular epithelium Epithelium is named by what - RIGHT ANSWER -Outer most layer of cells epithelium lining A/V and capillaries, as well as sweat glands - RIGHT ANSWER -stratified cuboidal epithelium epithelium lining small intestine - RIGHT ANSWER -simple columnar with microvilli and goblet cells epithelium making up the epidermis - RIGHT ANSWER -stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium epithelium of the esophagus - RIGHT ANSWER -stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium features of an exocrine gland - RIGHT ANSWER -1. directly connected to apical part of epithelium 2. can be branched/nonbranched features of Pseudostratified epithelia - RIGHT ANSWER -1.NO TW 2.Basal bodies anchor cilia ocytes present (respiratory tract) and goblet cell cells contact BM, not all contact free surface Function of umbrella cells - RIGHT ANSWER -Change shape with pressure functions involving the cell membrane - RIGHT ANSWER -absorption, secretion, excretion gap junctions vs. tight junctions - RIGHT ANSWER -1. tight junctions seal adjacent epithelial cells. 2. gap junction are intercellular channels, permit free passage between the cells give 2 examples of organelles with double unit membranes - RIGHT ANSWER -nucleus, mitochondria give 3 examples of organelles with a single unit membrane - RIGHT ANSWER -rER, sER, and lysosomes glands of "internal secretion" that secrete directly to the bloodx - RIGHT ANSWER -Endocrine glands that have ducts to carry secretions to specific locations - RIGHT ANSWER -exocrine glycolysis occurs in the _______ - RIGHT ANSWER -cytoplasm growth by adding to the outside of tissue - RIGHT ANSWER -appositional growth from within a tissue - RIGHT ANSWER -interstitial growth How many layers are in the stratum basale - RIGHT ANSWER -1 How many layers are in the stratum granulosum - RIGHT ANSWER -3-5 in phospholipids, 1 side chain must me______ - RIGHT ANSWER -saturated Inner compartment of mitochondria, outer compartment of mitochondria, cytoplasm or none: between inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria - RIGHT ANSWER -outer compartment Inner compartment of mitochondria, outer compartment of mitochondria, cytoplasm or none: contain enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation - RIGHT ANSWER -inner compartment Inner compartment of mitochondria, outer compartment of mitochondria, cytoplasm or none: contain ribosomes - RIGHT ANSWER -inner compartment or cytoplasm Inner compartment of mitochondria, outer compartment of mitochondria, cytoplasm or none: contain the matrix of the mitochondria - RIGHT ANSWER -inner compartment Inner compartment of mitochondria, outer compartment of mitochondria, cytoplasm or none: F1 particles face into this - RIGHT ANSWER -inner compartment Junction spanning entire cell like a belt with two levels of tightness - RIGHT ANSWER -Zonula Krebs cycle occurs in the _______ - RIGHT ANSWER -mitochondria Layer in which cells have released their keratin and have died and are stacking uo - RIGHT ANSWER -Stratum corneum Layers of skin - RIGHT ANSWER -rmis s taneous layers of the epidermis from deep to superficial - RIGHT ANSWER -1. stratum basale 2. stratum spinosum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum lucidum 5. stratum corneum leptochromatic nuclei have what 4 characteristics - RIGHT ANSWER -euchromatin, nucleolus, rER, golgi Make Tight junctions between cells - RIGHT ANSWER -Desmosomes Merocrine glands have a function that resemble what cellular function - RIGHT ANSWER -Exocytosis Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, both or neither contain DNA components - RIGHT ANSWER -mitochondria Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, both or neither have membrane bound organelles - RIGHT ANSWER -Both Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, both or neither involved in translation of mRNA - RIGHT ANSWER -mitochondria Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, both or neither, contain enzymes for the production of ATP - RIGHT ANSWER -Mitochondria Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, both or neither, involved in the transport of protein components in the cell - RIGHT ANSWER -endoplasmic reticulum Mixed glands are known as - RIGHT ANSWER -Serous demilunes Non-branched exocrine gland - RIGHT ANSWER -Simple Non-pemanent, communicating junctions - RIGHT ANSWER -Gap junction nuclear pores let out _____ but not___ - RIGHT ANSWER -mRNA, DNA nucleous type that has less protein synthesis - RIGHT ANSWER -pachycromatic nucleous type that has more protein synthesis - RIGHT ANSWER -leptochromatic only dissolved materials are secreted - RIGHT ANSWER -merocrine gland pachychromatic nuclei have what characteristics - RIGHT ANSWER -heterochromatin and few organelles pieces/chunks of cells get pinched off in the secretion - RIGHT ANSWER -apocrine glands Produce of endocrine gland - RIGHT ANSWER -Hormone responsible for translation of the mRNA - RIGHT ANSWER -ribosomes specialized cell is becoming less special - RIGHT ANSWER -metaplasia Specialized cells of the stratum basale, neural crest derivatives - RIGHT ANSWER -Melanocytes Specialized squasmous cells that are part of the stratum basale - RIGHT ANSWER -Keratinocytes Spot junction - RIGHT ANSWER -Macula (desmosomes) T or F basement membrane contains non-fibrous collagen - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F basement membrane contains Positive glycoproteins - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F basement membrane is believed to be secreted in part by epithelial cells - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F basement membrane is found under the basal later of all epithelia - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F basement membrane separates epithelia from underlying CT - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelia typically are able to reproduce themselves - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelia typically can be involved in absorption of material - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelia typically has abundant intercellular space - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F epithelia typically possess cells tightly joined to one another - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelia typically provides support for other tissues or organs - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelium is a tissue that is vascularized - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F epithelium is a tissue that lines cavities as well as covers external surfaces - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelium is a tissue that may exhibit polarity of organelles - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelium is a tissue that participates in the exchange of all materials that enter or leave the body - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F epithelium is a tissue thatmay form very small tubes which carry blood called capillaries - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F exocrine glands are derived from epithelium - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F exocrine glands may be classified as having either branched or unbranched duct system - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F exocrine glands may possess either serous or mucous cell types - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F exocrine glands secrete into the blood vascular system - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F exocrine glands secrete via ducts into the external environment - RIGHT ANSWER -T T or F transitional epithelium is ciliated - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F transitional epithelium is found in the gallbladder - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F transitional epithelium is pseudostratified - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F transitional epithelium is stratified squamous epithelium - RIGHT ANSWER -F T or F transitional epithelium is stratified with some surface cells that are larger, multinucleated, and more rounded tthan those of the underlying layer - RIGHT ANSWER -T the ability to respond to the environment - RIGHT ANSWER -irritability the process in which cells use energy to filter and condense wast products - RIGHT ANSWER -excretion the process in which cells use energy to make a product by digestion - RIGHT ANSWER -secretion The term for a cell that is found only one place - RIGHT ANSWER -Pathognomonic Top of cell membrane is part of the secretion from what type of gland - RIGHT ANSWER -Apocrine gland transcription takes place in the ______ - RIGHT ANSWER -nucleous translation takes place in the ______ - RIGHT ANSWER -cytoplasm two types of gated ion channels - RIGHT ANSWER -voltage, chemical Type of secretion where whole cell is the secretion - RIGHT ANSWER -Holocrine Type of tissue composing the dermis - RIGHT ANSWER -Dense irregular CT Type of tissue composing the subcutaneous layer - RIGHT ANSWER -Adipose types of cells that can change AP - RIGHT ANSWER -muscle cells and neurons what are 5 characteristics of a bilipid layer - RIGHT ANSWER -1. thin membrane 2. semipereability 3. allows protein to float around (fluid mosaic) 4. membrane proteins control what comes in, and goes out of the cell 5. gycocalyx what is caused by a decrease in myelenation of axons - RIGHT ANSWER -Multiple sclerosis what is the difference of charge on the inside of a membrane - RIGHT ANSWER --70mv what is the function of the glycocalyx - RIGHT ANSWER -adhesion and communication what is the purpose of cell wall thickening - RIGHT ANSWER -protection What is the term for a storage of charge across a membrane - RIGHT ANSWER -capacitance What type of glands are associated with pachychromatic nucleus - RIGHT ANSWER -Mucous What type of glsnds are associated with leptochromatic nucleus - RIGHT ANSWER -Serous What type of tissue makes up the epidermis - RIGHT ANSWER -Stratified squamous keratinizing why does the cell membrane need to be thin - RIGHT ANSWER -to let necessary chemicals in/out of the cell