Hieu201 - chap 1
Compared to a rational or scientific view the world, and mythopoetic view - ANS-Appeals
primarily to the emotions rather than reason and tends to be more subjective than objective
In Hammurabi's code of law - ANS-Crimes against nobles were punished more severely than
crimes against kilometers
In Paleolithic societies, human beings: were unable to communicate with one another by
language; obtain the necessities of life by gathering food and hunting; lived in large permanent
settlements of several thousand people; had not yet acquired the ability to make tools -
ANS-Obtain the necessities of life by gathering food in hunting
Paleolithic religious beliefs - ANS-Centered around the idea that human beings needed to
appease the forces of nature
Sargon the great - ANS-Contributed to the spread of Sumerian culture beyond the boundaries of
Mesopotamia
The economy of Mesopotamian cities - ANS-Depended heavily on foreign and domestic trade
The Egyptian new kingdom began with the war of liberation against the - ANS-Hyksos
The epic of Gilgamesh depicts the Mesopotamians mood of - ANS-Pessimism and despair
The first civilizations - ANS-Developed systems for administration, cooperation, and
recordkeeping
The Hittites colon were absorbed into Babylonian civilization; rejected all aspects of foreign
cultures; achieved no substantial technological progression; ruled the Asia Minor and northern
Syria - ANS-Ruled Asia Minor and northern Syria
The kings in ancient Mesopotamia - ANS-Were rulers thought to have been selected by the
gods to represent them on earth
The pharaohs: communicated the gods will to the Egyptian people; technically owned no earthly
possessions; reelected by a noble class; had little impact on the lives of peasants and workers -
ANS-Communicated the gods will to the Egyptian people
The religious teachings of the Prophet Zoroaster - ANS-Are dualistic, asserting the existence of
both a good God and an evil God
,The Sumerians erected their religious temples atop huge multilevel mounds called -
ANS-Ziggurats
What age is also known as the Stone Age - ANS-Paleolithic
Which of the following civilizations rose 1st: a Syrian, Sumerian, Hittite, Phoenician -
ANS-Sumerian
Which of the following describes the Egyptian's relationship with their environment - ANS-Nature
served as a source of security
Which of the following is not a feature of the neolithic age: human beings domesticated animals;
Human beings established visit villages; human beings discovered farming; human being
started using iron tools - ANS-Human being started using iron tools
Which of the following is not true of the Persian empire - ANS-It was ruled by a council thought
to represent the people
,HIEU 201 Second Midterm MC
During the Middle Ages what were the tensions between the Eastern and Western Churches? -
ANS-The Great Schism - Resulted in the creation of Roman Catholic (West) and Eastern
Orthodox (East) division and was mostly due to the downfall of Rome and the breakup of the
Empire.
Early Church Fathers in Rome may include: - ANS-Apostolic Fathers: Pope Clement I, Ignatius
of Antioch, Polycarp, Hermas, Barnabas, and Papias.
How did Christianity come to dominate the Roman Empire? - ANS-Starting with Emperor
Constantine's conversion to Christianity after witnessing a cross in the sky along with his whole
army, and then the issuance of the edict of Milan in AD 313 (which accepted Christianity). Most
Romans followed their Emeperor's religion at the time resulting in dominance.
How did the first crusade start? - ANS-Pope Urban II called for the Crusade as a result of a call
for help from the Byzantine emperor. He made a speech in 1095 at Clermont, France calling for
crusade to take back Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks.
How many Crusades were there? - ANS-There were at least eight crusades, but the ninth
crusade is sometimes considered a part of the eighth crusade.
How were Christians and Jews treated under Muslim rule? - ANS-Mohammad saw Christians
and Jews as "people of the book" but they did have to pay 'poll' or religion taxes for having a
differing faith.
What are the differences between Sunni and Shia? - ANS-Sunni: Way of the Prophet, 90% of
Islamic population
Shia: Part of Ali, a violent group hated by the Sunni.
What are the Five Pillars of Islam? - ANS-Faith in Islam, Prayer seven times a day facing
Mecca, Alms to the poor and kind, Fasting intermittently and for events such as Ramadan,
Pilgrimage to Mecca once in each 'good' Muslim's lifetime.
What caused the Second Crusade? - ANS-Started in 1147 by Pope Eugenius III and ratified by
King Louis VII of France. Other than recapture Edessa from the Muslims, the goal was to
prevent capture of Jerusalem. This crusade failed to retake a wartorn Edessa from the
competent Muslim forces and greed of taking Damascus ultimately destroyed the Crusaders
forces.
What is Feudalism? - ANS-A political, economic and social system based on loyalty and military
service, given for amounts of land and based on a vassal-state.
, What is Jihad? - ANS-Defined as: "struggle in the way of God", it refers to the internal struggle
to be a better Muslim, the struggle between good and evil.
What was "Greek fire"? - ANS-Greek fire (also called Byzantine fire, wildfire and liquid fire) was
a weapon used by the Byzantine Empire, said to have been invented by a Syrian Christian
refugee named Kallinikos (Callinicus) of Heliopolis (Syria), probably about 673. Some people
believe that he acquired this knowledge from the chemists of Alexandria. It was capable of
discharging a stream of burning fluid, and was very effective both on sea and land. However, it
was used primarily at sea. It is rumored that the key to Greek fire's effectiveness was that it
could continue burning under almost any conditions, even under water. It was known to the
Byzantines' enemies as a "wet, dark, sticky fire" because it stuck to the unfortunate object it hit
and was impossible to extinguish. Enemy ships were often afraid to come too near to the
Byzantine fleet, because, once within range, the fire gave the Byzantines a strong military
advantage. The last testimony of Greek Fire usage was in the Siege of Constantinople, where
the secret itself was destroyed in the flames of the Ottoman torches.
What was gained by the Carolingian Renaissance? - ANS-As leader at the time, Charlemagne
spurred a renaissance most notably known for its protection and preservation of ancient works,
passing them down in posterity. Also, the renaissance gained unity among most of realm as he
stretched his kingdom over almost all of the known world.
What was the Pax Romana? - ANS-A time of peace and prosperity during Roman history, (27
BC - AD 180) beginning with Octavian.
What were the causes of the "third century crisis"? - ANS-A Roman crisis in which lack of
military discipline, invasions by barbarians, (Germanic) the rise of the Sassanian Empire, and
natural disasters were the cause.
What were the key action of Charlemagne's rein? - ANS-Charlemagne united most of Europe by
conquest, restoring Western Europe and becoming it's first Emperor, and strengthening the
intellect and culture of the time period.
Who is Justinian and what was his lasting achievement as emperor? - ANS-Justinian I -
Emperor of Rome (527-565) and master legislator. He outlawed the suffragia, and outlined the
Code of Justinian which revolutionized law and brought reform, as well as set the bar for
modern legal systems.
Who was Cassiodorus? - ANS-Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus (490-585) was a Historian,
Statesmen, and Monk that helped save Rome during a time of impending Barbarism.
Who was Mohammad? - ANS-The last prophet in the Islam religion from Mecca, Arabia. He
received a revelation from god at age 40 by angel Gabriel. This started the new Islam religion.
Compared to a rational or scientific view the world, and mythopoetic view - ANS-Appeals
primarily to the emotions rather than reason and tends to be more subjective than objective
In Hammurabi's code of law - ANS-Crimes against nobles were punished more severely than
crimes against kilometers
In Paleolithic societies, human beings: were unable to communicate with one another by
language; obtain the necessities of life by gathering food and hunting; lived in large permanent
settlements of several thousand people; had not yet acquired the ability to make tools -
ANS-Obtain the necessities of life by gathering food in hunting
Paleolithic religious beliefs - ANS-Centered around the idea that human beings needed to
appease the forces of nature
Sargon the great - ANS-Contributed to the spread of Sumerian culture beyond the boundaries of
Mesopotamia
The economy of Mesopotamian cities - ANS-Depended heavily on foreign and domestic trade
The Egyptian new kingdom began with the war of liberation against the - ANS-Hyksos
The epic of Gilgamesh depicts the Mesopotamians mood of - ANS-Pessimism and despair
The first civilizations - ANS-Developed systems for administration, cooperation, and
recordkeeping
The Hittites colon were absorbed into Babylonian civilization; rejected all aspects of foreign
cultures; achieved no substantial technological progression; ruled the Asia Minor and northern
Syria - ANS-Ruled Asia Minor and northern Syria
The kings in ancient Mesopotamia - ANS-Were rulers thought to have been selected by the
gods to represent them on earth
The pharaohs: communicated the gods will to the Egyptian people; technically owned no earthly
possessions; reelected by a noble class; had little impact on the lives of peasants and workers -
ANS-Communicated the gods will to the Egyptian people
The religious teachings of the Prophet Zoroaster - ANS-Are dualistic, asserting the existence of
both a good God and an evil God
,The Sumerians erected their religious temples atop huge multilevel mounds called -
ANS-Ziggurats
What age is also known as the Stone Age - ANS-Paleolithic
Which of the following civilizations rose 1st: a Syrian, Sumerian, Hittite, Phoenician -
ANS-Sumerian
Which of the following describes the Egyptian's relationship with their environment - ANS-Nature
served as a source of security
Which of the following is not a feature of the neolithic age: human beings domesticated animals;
Human beings established visit villages; human beings discovered farming; human being
started using iron tools - ANS-Human being started using iron tools
Which of the following is not true of the Persian empire - ANS-It was ruled by a council thought
to represent the people
,HIEU 201 Second Midterm MC
During the Middle Ages what were the tensions between the Eastern and Western Churches? -
ANS-The Great Schism - Resulted in the creation of Roman Catholic (West) and Eastern
Orthodox (East) division and was mostly due to the downfall of Rome and the breakup of the
Empire.
Early Church Fathers in Rome may include: - ANS-Apostolic Fathers: Pope Clement I, Ignatius
of Antioch, Polycarp, Hermas, Barnabas, and Papias.
How did Christianity come to dominate the Roman Empire? - ANS-Starting with Emperor
Constantine's conversion to Christianity after witnessing a cross in the sky along with his whole
army, and then the issuance of the edict of Milan in AD 313 (which accepted Christianity). Most
Romans followed their Emeperor's religion at the time resulting in dominance.
How did the first crusade start? - ANS-Pope Urban II called for the Crusade as a result of a call
for help from the Byzantine emperor. He made a speech in 1095 at Clermont, France calling for
crusade to take back Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks.
How many Crusades were there? - ANS-There were at least eight crusades, but the ninth
crusade is sometimes considered a part of the eighth crusade.
How were Christians and Jews treated under Muslim rule? - ANS-Mohammad saw Christians
and Jews as "people of the book" but they did have to pay 'poll' or religion taxes for having a
differing faith.
What are the differences between Sunni and Shia? - ANS-Sunni: Way of the Prophet, 90% of
Islamic population
Shia: Part of Ali, a violent group hated by the Sunni.
What are the Five Pillars of Islam? - ANS-Faith in Islam, Prayer seven times a day facing
Mecca, Alms to the poor and kind, Fasting intermittently and for events such as Ramadan,
Pilgrimage to Mecca once in each 'good' Muslim's lifetime.
What caused the Second Crusade? - ANS-Started in 1147 by Pope Eugenius III and ratified by
King Louis VII of France. Other than recapture Edessa from the Muslims, the goal was to
prevent capture of Jerusalem. This crusade failed to retake a wartorn Edessa from the
competent Muslim forces and greed of taking Damascus ultimately destroyed the Crusaders
forces.
What is Feudalism? - ANS-A political, economic and social system based on loyalty and military
service, given for amounts of land and based on a vassal-state.
, What is Jihad? - ANS-Defined as: "struggle in the way of God", it refers to the internal struggle
to be a better Muslim, the struggle between good and evil.
What was "Greek fire"? - ANS-Greek fire (also called Byzantine fire, wildfire and liquid fire) was
a weapon used by the Byzantine Empire, said to have been invented by a Syrian Christian
refugee named Kallinikos (Callinicus) of Heliopolis (Syria), probably about 673. Some people
believe that he acquired this knowledge from the chemists of Alexandria. It was capable of
discharging a stream of burning fluid, and was very effective both on sea and land. However, it
was used primarily at sea. It is rumored that the key to Greek fire's effectiveness was that it
could continue burning under almost any conditions, even under water. It was known to the
Byzantines' enemies as a "wet, dark, sticky fire" because it stuck to the unfortunate object it hit
and was impossible to extinguish. Enemy ships were often afraid to come too near to the
Byzantine fleet, because, once within range, the fire gave the Byzantines a strong military
advantage. The last testimony of Greek Fire usage was in the Siege of Constantinople, where
the secret itself was destroyed in the flames of the Ottoman torches.
What was gained by the Carolingian Renaissance? - ANS-As leader at the time, Charlemagne
spurred a renaissance most notably known for its protection and preservation of ancient works,
passing them down in posterity. Also, the renaissance gained unity among most of realm as he
stretched his kingdom over almost all of the known world.
What was the Pax Romana? - ANS-A time of peace and prosperity during Roman history, (27
BC - AD 180) beginning with Octavian.
What were the causes of the "third century crisis"? - ANS-A Roman crisis in which lack of
military discipline, invasions by barbarians, (Germanic) the rise of the Sassanian Empire, and
natural disasters were the cause.
What were the key action of Charlemagne's rein? - ANS-Charlemagne united most of Europe by
conquest, restoring Western Europe and becoming it's first Emperor, and strengthening the
intellect and culture of the time period.
Who is Justinian and what was his lasting achievement as emperor? - ANS-Justinian I -
Emperor of Rome (527-565) and master legislator. He outlawed the suffragia, and outlined the
Code of Justinian which revolutionized law and brought reform, as well as set the bar for
modern legal systems.
Who was Cassiodorus? - ANS-Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus (490-585) was a Historian,
Statesmen, and Monk that helped save Rome during a time of impending Barbarism.
Who was Mohammad? - ANS-The last prophet in the Islam religion from Mecca, Arabia. He
received a revelation from god at age 40 by angel Gabriel. This started the new Islam religion.
