CHAPTER 2 (CHEMISTRY OF LIFE)
STUDY GUIDE WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Why does water show a property called polarity? - Answer-a water molecule is polar
because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen
atoms.
Which part of water shows a slight negative charge? - Answer-negative pole near the
oxygen
Which type of bond is the weakest: covalent, ionic, or hydrogen? - Answer--colavent:
strong
-ionic: moderate
-hydrogen: weak
Explain the difference between water's 2 most unique properties; cohesion and
adhesion. - Answer-cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same
substance. Adhesion between molecules of different substances.
What is capillary action AND why is it so important? - Answer-adhesion, the ability to
draw water from the roots of plants and moves it to the stems and leaves
What is a mixture? - Answer-material composed of two or more elements or compounds
that are physiccly mixed together but not chemiccly combined
What is the difference between a solute and a solvent? - Answer-solute- substance that
is dissolved
solvent- substance in which the solute dissolves
What is the difference between a solution and a suspension? - Answer-solution- a liquid
mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent
suspension- a mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout the bulk of the fluid
What does the pH scale measure? - Answer-how acidic or basic a substance is
What values have been assigned to acids and bases on the pH scale? - Answer-acidic-
1.2.3.4.5.6.
neutral- 7
basic- 8.9.10.11.12.13.14
Why does water have a pH of 7? - Answer-because water is neutral
, Which of the following compounds is acidic and which are basic? NaOH, HCl, H 2 SO
4 , NH 3 OH - Answer-acidic- HCI and H2SO4
basic- NaOH and NH2OH
What is the normal range of pH our cells must maintain? - Answer-between 6.5 and 7.5,
so very neutral
Since we must maintain homeostasis, what does our body use in order to keep the pH
in this range? - Answer-buffers- weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or
bases to prevent changes in pH
What does organic chemistry study? - Answer-study of the structure, properties and
reactions of organic compounds and organic compounds
Why is it so interesting that carbon contains four valence electrons? - Answer-carbon
has 4 valence electrons so they can easily bond to other carbon atoms and form long
chains or rings
Why is it so interesting that carbon can bond with other carbon atoms? - Answer-
because it is the only element to have this ability
What are the four macromolecules/organic compounds primarly studied by organic
chemistry? - Answer-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
What elements and in what ratio make a carbohydrate? - Answer-monosaccarides, and
glucose
What do plants and animals use carbohydrates for? - Answer-they use it to store quick
energy, and store sugars.
Since carbohydrate is a polymer, what are the monomer called that make them? -
Answer-monosaccharides
What is the polysaccharide made by animals to store excess sugar? - Answer-glucose,
glycogen
What is the polysaccharide made by plants to store excess sugar? - Answer-starch
What do plants use cellulose for? - Answer-structure, cell walls and plant cells, makes
plant stems
What elements are used to make lipids? - Answer-carbon, hydrogen, and a little oxygen
What is the function of lipids for living things? - Answer-store long term energy, and cell
membrane
STUDY GUIDE WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Why does water show a property called polarity? - Answer-a water molecule is polar
because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen
atoms.
Which part of water shows a slight negative charge? - Answer-negative pole near the
oxygen
Which type of bond is the weakest: covalent, ionic, or hydrogen? - Answer--colavent:
strong
-ionic: moderate
-hydrogen: weak
Explain the difference between water's 2 most unique properties; cohesion and
adhesion. - Answer-cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same
substance. Adhesion between molecules of different substances.
What is capillary action AND why is it so important? - Answer-adhesion, the ability to
draw water from the roots of plants and moves it to the stems and leaves
What is a mixture? - Answer-material composed of two or more elements or compounds
that are physiccly mixed together but not chemiccly combined
What is the difference between a solute and a solvent? - Answer-solute- substance that
is dissolved
solvent- substance in which the solute dissolves
What is the difference between a solution and a suspension? - Answer-solution- a liquid
mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent
suspension- a mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout the bulk of the fluid
What does the pH scale measure? - Answer-how acidic or basic a substance is
What values have been assigned to acids and bases on the pH scale? - Answer-acidic-
1.2.3.4.5.6.
neutral- 7
basic- 8.9.10.11.12.13.14
Why does water have a pH of 7? - Answer-because water is neutral
, Which of the following compounds is acidic and which are basic? NaOH, HCl, H 2 SO
4 , NH 3 OH - Answer-acidic- HCI and H2SO4
basic- NaOH and NH2OH
What is the normal range of pH our cells must maintain? - Answer-between 6.5 and 7.5,
so very neutral
Since we must maintain homeostasis, what does our body use in order to keep the pH
in this range? - Answer-buffers- weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or
bases to prevent changes in pH
What does organic chemistry study? - Answer-study of the structure, properties and
reactions of organic compounds and organic compounds
Why is it so interesting that carbon contains four valence electrons? - Answer-carbon
has 4 valence electrons so they can easily bond to other carbon atoms and form long
chains or rings
Why is it so interesting that carbon can bond with other carbon atoms? - Answer-
because it is the only element to have this ability
What are the four macromolecules/organic compounds primarly studied by organic
chemistry? - Answer-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
What elements and in what ratio make a carbohydrate? - Answer-monosaccarides, and
glucose
What do plants and animals use carbohydrates for? - Answer-they use it to store quick
energy, and store sugars.
Since carbohydrate is a polymer, what are the monomer called that make them? -
Answer-monosaccharides
What is the polysaccharide made by animals to store excess sugar? - Answer-glucose,
glycogen
What is the polysaccharide made by plants to store excess sugar? - Answer-starch
What do plants use cellulose for? - Answer-structure, cell walls and plant cells, makes
plant stems
What elements are used to make lipids? - Answer-carbon, hydrogen, and a little oxygen
What is the function of lipids for living things? - Answer-store long term energy, and cell
membrane
