Unit 2 Behaviour & discipline
Abraham Maslow - ANS-Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the
concept of "self-actualization"
\Albert Bandura - ANS-researcher famous for work in observational or social learning including
the famous Bobo doll experiment
\Authority - ANS-The right to use power. People listen to authority figures because they feel that
these individuals are worthy of respect
\B.F. Skinner - ANS-Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning by training
rats
\Behaviourist - ANS-Behaviour determined by environmental influence
\Belongingness & love needs - ANS-Intimate relationships and friends
\Betari Box Model - ANS-visual model that illustrates relationship between attitude and behavior.
\blind obedience - ANS-obeying orders without thinking about consequences of these actions
for yourself or others
\Cattell's 16 Personality Factors - ANS-Used factor analysis to uncover 16 behavior factors
\causes of high-tension situations - ANS-● Environmental:
war zones
emergency situations
riots
day-to-day high-tension situations.
● Behavioural:
emotional reaction - aggression, anger, grief, fear
medical - existing medical issues, substance abuse, mental health.
\Causes of stress - ANS-● External factors:
Trauma
change in personal circumstances
violence, war and terrorism
loss of family member, friend or colleague.
● Internal factors
Personality
Thoughts
memories.
● Pressures in life:
work and home responsibilities
unforeseen events
personal relationships.
\Classic conditioning - ANS-The use of a familiar stimulus to influence behaviour towards a new
stimulus by repeatedly pairing them together
\Cognitive - ANS-Behaviour determined by information processing
\Compliance - ANS-following a request or demand (usually from a person of equal rank)
\Compliance - ANS-following an order publicly but disagrees privately,
, \Conformity - ANS-Tendency to change what we do, think or say in response to the influence of
real or imagined pressure from a majority group
\Conscious mind - ANS-The experiences of the senses in the here and now
\Conscious obedience - ANS-You are fully aware that you are following orders
\Consultative/Democratic Authority - ANS-This allows everyone to express opinions about how
things should be done, where the organisation should go
\Dictatorial - ANS-This style operates like a dictator, they make all the decisions about what,
where, when, why and how things are done and who will do them
\Difference between compliance, obedience and conformity - ANS-Obedience is a form of social
influence that involves performing an action under the orders of an authority figure
Compliance involves changing your behaviour at the request of another person
Conformity involves altering your behaviour in order to go along with the rest of the group
\Disobedience - ANS-Refusal to obey
\Dweck's Mindset Theory - ANS-the set of assumptions we have (mindset) affects success.
Growth Mindset = success is due to effort not talent
\Ego - ANS-Realistic part of the mind operating in the real world
\Esteem needs - ANS-Prestige, feeling of accomplishment
\Ethics - ANS-the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
\Examples of conformity in the UPS - ANS-Uniforms as a symbol of conformity trying to pride
and authority
\fixed mindset - ANS-the idea that we have a set amount of ability that cannot change
\Free-will - ANS-The ability to choose between different courses of action
\Friedman and Rosenman - ANS-Conducted 9-year study of heart attack risk among males;
found personality to predict vulnerability (eg Type a are more likely to suffer with Stress
\General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) - ANS-Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to
stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
\Hofling et al (1966) - ANS-- They looked at obedience to authority by nurses.
- The nurses in the study were given an instruction over the phone by a doctor they didn't know.
They were alone on a nightshift, so had to decide by themselves whether to given the patient
twice the recommended amount of this unknown drug.
- 21 out of 22 nurses obeyed the instruction, but were stopped before they actually gave the
drug.
- This shows how, for a nurse, it is the social norm to except orders without questioning the
doctors judgement.
\How are rules and regulations evidenced in the UPS/why are they needed? - ANS-A
requirement of basic training, so the service isn't bought into disrepute, ensure standardised
practice, rank structure is to enforce them, ensure lawful orders are followed, all will be treated
with respect, used to stop an abuse of authority
\How does attitudes develop - ANS-Previous experiences, modelling others' behaviour, cultural
influences
Abraham Maslow - ANS-Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the
concept of "self-actualization"
\Albert Bandura - ANS-researcher famous for work in observational or social learning including
the famous Bobo doll experiment
\Authority - ANS-The right to use power. People listen to authority figures because they feel that
these individuals are worthy of respect
\B.F. Skinner - ANS-Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning by training
rats
\Behaviourist - ANS-Behaviour determined by environmental influence
\Belongingness & love needs - ANS-Intimate relationships and friends
\Betari Box Model - ANS-visual model that illustrates relationship between attitude and behavior.
\blind obedience - ANS-obeying orders without thinking about consequences of these actions
for yourself or others
\Cattell's 16 Personality Factors - ANS-Used factor analysis to uncover 16 behavior factors
\causes of high-tension situations - ANS-● Environmental:
war zones
emergency situations
riots
day-to-day high-tension situations.
● Behavioural:
emotional reaction - aggression, anger, grief, fear
medical - existing medical issues, substance abuse, mental health.
\Causes of stress - ANS-● External factors:
Trauma
change in personal circumstances
violence, war and terrorism
loss of family member, friend or colleague.
● Internal factors
Personality
Thoughts
memories.
● Pressures in life:
work and home responsibilities
unforeseen events
personal relationships.
\Classic conditioning - ANS-The use of a familiar stimulus to influence behaviour towards a new
stimulus by repeatedly pairing them together
\Cognitive - ANS-Behaviour determined by information processing
\Compliance - ANS-following a request or demand (usually from a person of equal rank)
\Compliance - ANS-following an order publicly but disagrees privately,
, \Conformity - ANS-Tendency to change what we do, think or say in response to the influence of
real or imagined pressure from a majority group
\Conscious mind - ANS-The experiences of the senses in the here and now
\Conscious obedience - ANS-You are fully aware that you are following orders
\Consultative/Democratic Authority - ANS-This allows everyone to express opinions about how
things should be done, where the organisation should go
\Dictatorial - ANS-This style operates like a dictator, they make all the decisions about what,
where, when, why and how things are done and who will do them
\Difference between compliance, obedience and conformity - ANS-Obedience is a form of social
influence that involves performing an action under the orders of an authority figure
Compliance involves changing your behaviour at the request of another person
Conformity involves altering your behaviour in order to go along with the rest of the group
\Disobedience - ANS-Refusal to obey
\Dweck's Mindset Theory - ANS-the set of assumptions we have (mindset) affects success.
Growth Mindset = success is due to effort not talent
\Ego - ANS-Realistic part of the mind operating in the real world
\Esteem needs - ANS-Prestige, feeling of accomplishment
\Ethics - ANS-the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
\Examples of conformity in the UPS - ANS-Uniforms as a symbol of conformity trying to pride
and authority
\fixed mindset - ANS-the idea that we have a set amount of ability that cannot change
\Free-will - ANS-The ability to choose between different courses of action
\Friedman and Rosenman - ANS-Conducted 9-year study of heart attack risk among males;
found personality to predict vulnerability (eg Type a are more likely to suffer with Stress
\General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) - ANS-Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to
stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
\Hofling et al (1966) - ANS-- They looked at obedience to authority by nurses.
- The nurses in the study were given an instruction over the phone by a doctor they didn't know.
They were alone on a nightshift, so had to decide by themselves whether to given the patient
twice the recommended amount of this unknown drug.
- 21 out of 22 nurses obeyed the instruction, but were stopped before they actually gave the
drug.
- This shows how, for a nurse, it is the social norm to except orders without questioning the
doctors judgement.
\How are rules and regulations evidenced in the UPS/why are they needed? - ANS-A
requirement of basic training, so the service isn't bought into disrepute, ensure standardised
practice, rank structure is to enforce them, ensure lawful orders are followed, all will be treated
with respect, used to stop an abuse of authority
\How does attitudes develop - ANS-Previous experiences, modelling others' behaviour, cultural
influences
