Biology Exam 5 (Nathan Mills) Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Biology Exam 5 (Nathan Mills) Questions and Answers 100% Pass What does all life require? - Energy and nutrients Why does all life require energy and nutrients? - 1. Maintaining structures 2. Responding to the environment 3. Growth and development 4. Reproducing What is energy? - The capacity to do work or to supply heat What are the two forms of energy? - 1. Kinetic energy 2. Potential energy What is kinetic energy? - The energy of motion What are the different sources of energy? - 1. Nuclear 2. Thermal 3. Chemical 2100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4. Electromagnetic radiation 5. Mechanical 6. Electrical What is potential energy? - Stored energy based on position or configuration What is nuclear energy? - Potential energy within the nucleus of an atom What is thermal energy? - Kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules What is heat? - The transfer of thermal energy between objects What is chemical energy? - Potential energy in the bonds between atoms (based on sharing electrons) What is electromagnetic radiation? - Kinetic energy in the form of radio waves; microwaves; infrared, invisible, and ultraviolet light; and gamma waves. What is electrical energy? - Kinetic energy associated with the movement of charged particles What is mechanical energy? - Kinetic and potential energy of objects What is the first law of thermodynamics? - Energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can only change form. 3100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 What is the second law of thermodynamics? - Isolated (closed) systems tend to go towards disorder (amounts of usable energy decrease during energy conversions) What is a spontaneous process? - 1. A process that can occur without the input of energy 2. For a process to occur spontaneously it must increase entropy within the system What is an exergonic reaction? - Reactions with a negative ^G (products have less free energy than the reactants) What is an endergonic reaction? - Reactions have a positive ^G (the products have more free energy than reactants) What do enzymes do? - Encourage reactions by lowing the activation energy What is oxidation? - Removal of electrons from a substance The removal of what atom is often associated with oxidation? - Hydrogen Do oxidized substances release or absorb energy in a reaction? - Release What is reduction? - Addition of electrons to a substance