Test Bank For Genetics A Conceptual Approach 7th Edition By: Benja
w w w w w w w w w w
min A. Pierce
w w
,Chapterw1:wIntroductionwtowGeneticswfromwGenetics:wAwConceptualwApproach
1. Whichwof wthewfollowingwbestwdefineswgenetics?
A) Thewstudywof wlivingworganisms
B) Thewstudywof wgeneswand wheredity
C) Thewstudywof wdiseaseswand wtheirwcauses
D) Thewstudywof wcellwstructures
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wThewstudywof wgeneswand wheredity
Rationale:wGeneticswfocuseswspecificallywonwhowwtraitswand wcharacteristicswarewinherited wt
hroughwgenes.wThiswfoundationalwknowledgewiswcrucialwforwunderstandingwmorewcomplexwg
eneticwconcepts.wUnderstandingwgeneticswiswessentialwforwnurses,waswtheywmaywdealwwithwg
eneticwconditionswand wcounseling.
2. Whichwtermwdescribeswthewobservablewcharacteristicswof wanworganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wPhenotype
Rationale:wThewphenotypewreferswtowthewphysicalwexpressionwof wgeneticwtraits,wwhilewgeno
typewreferswtowthewgeneticwmakeup.wNurseswmust wbewablewtowdifferentiatewbetweenwthesewter
mswtowprovideweffectiveweducationwand wsupport wtowpatientswregardingwgeneticwconditions.
3. Whatwiswthewprimarywfunctionwof wDNA?
A) Towprovidewenergywforwcellularwprocesses
B) Towstorewand wtransmit wgeneticwinformation
C) Towcatalyzewbiochemicalwreactions
D) Towservewaswawstructuralwcomponent wof wcells
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wTowstorewand wtransmit wgeneticwinformation
Rationale:wDNAwholdswthewinstructionswforwthewdevelopment wandwfunctioningwof wlivingworgan
isms,wwhichwiswcentralwtowgeneticwstudies.wUnderstandingwthewrolewof wDNAwiswvitalwforwnurses,w
especiallywwhenwdiscussingwgeneticwtestingwand wcounseling.
4. Whichwof wthewfollowingwbestwdescribeswalleles?
A) Different wformswof wawgene
B) Thewsamewformwof wawgene
C) Chromosomeswthat wdeterminewsex
D) Cellswthat wcontainwgeneticwmaterial
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wDifferent wformswof wawgene
Rationale:wAlleleswrepresent wvariationswof wawparticularwgene,wcontributingwtowgeneticwdive
rsity.wNurseswmust wunderstand walleleswtowhelpwexplainwinheritancewpatternswand wgeneticwdis
orderswtowpatients.
5. If wawpersonwhaswtwowidenticalwalleleswforwawtrait,wtheywarewconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectwAnswer:wA)wHomozygous
Rationale:wHomozygouswindividualswhavewtwowcopieswof wthewsamewallele,wwhilewheterozy
gouswindividualswhavewdifferent walleles.wThiswdistinctionwiswessentialwinwgenetics,waswit winflu
enceswthewexpressionwof wtraitswand wthewriskwof wgeneticwdisorders.
6. Whatwiswawgene?
A) A wsegment wof wDNA wthat wcodeswforwawprotein
B) Thewphysicalwlocationwof wchromosomes
C) Thewcompletewset wof wDNAwinwanworganism
D) A wstructurewthat wcarrieswnutrientswinwcells
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wAwsegment wof wDNA wthat wcodeswforwawprotein
Rationale:wGeneswarewthewbasicwunitswof whereditywand warewcrucialwforwproducingwproteinswt
hat wcarrywout wvariouswfunctionswinwthewbody.wUnderstandingwgenewfunctionwiswessentialwforw
nurseswtowassesswgeneticwriskswand wprovidewappropriatewpatient weducation.
7. Whichwgeneticwdisorderwiswcausedwbywawsinglewgenewmutation?
A) Cysticwfibrosis
B) Downwsyndrome
C) Turnerwsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wCysticwfibrosis
Rationale:wCysticwfibrosiswiswanwautosomalwrecessivewdisorderwresultingwfromwmutationswi
nwthewCFTRwgene,willustratingwMendelianwinheritancewpatterns.wRecognizingwsuchwdisorde
rswallowswnurseswtowprovidewbetterwcarewand wmanagement wstrategieswforwaffected windividua
ls.
8. InwMendelianwinheritance,wwhatwiswthewexpectedwphenotypicwratiowof wawmonohybri
dwcross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
CorrectwAnswer:wB)w3:1
Rationale:wAwmonohybrid wcrosswtypicallywresultswinwaw3:1wratiowof wdominant wtowrecessivew
phenotypes.wThiswknowledgewiswimportant wforwnurseswinvolved winwgeneticwcounseling,waswit
whelpswexplainwinheritancewpatternswtowfamilies.
9. Whichwof wthewfollowingwrepresentswawcarrierwforwawrecessivewgeneticwdisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonewof wthewabove
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wAa
Rationale:wAwcarrierwhaswonewdominant wand wonewrecessivewallele,wshowingwnowsymptomsw
of wthewdisorderwbut wcapablewof wpassingwthewrecessivewallelewtowoffspring.wUnderstandingwca
rrierswiswvitalwinwgeneticwcounselingwand wassessingwfamilywrisks.
10. Whatwiswthewsignificancewof wthewhumanwgenomewproject?
A) Towclonewhumanwgenes
B) Towmapwthewentirewhumanwgenome
C) Towidentifywgeneticwdisorderswonly
D) Towenhancewagriculturalwcrops
, CorrectwAnswer:wB)wTowmapwthewentirewhumanwgenome
Rationale:wThewHumanwGenomewProject waimed wtowsequencewand wunderstand wallwthewgenes
wof wthewhumanwspecies,wwhichwhaswvast wimplicationswforwmedicinewand wgenetics.wNurseswsh
ould wbewawarewof wthiswproject waswit winformswgeneticwtestingwand wtreatment woptions.
11. Whichwof wthewfollowingwiswanwexamplewof wawdominantwtrait?
A) Blueweyes
B) Blood wtypewO
C) Hitchhiker'swthumb
D) Cysticwfibrosis
CorrectwAnswer:wC)wHitchhiker'swthumb
Rationale:wHitchhiker'swthumbwiswawdominant wtrait;wthewotherswareweitherwrecessiveworwbloo
d wtypeswdetermined wbywcodominance.wUnderstandingwdominant wtraitswiswcrucialwforwnurses
wwhenwdiscussingwgeneticwinheritancewwithwpatients.
12. Inwawpedigreewchart,wawfilledwsymbolwtypicallywrepresentswwhichwof wthewfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affected windividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wAffected windividual
Rationale:wFilled wsymbolswinwawpedigreewindicatewindividualswexpressingwawparticularwtrait
worwconditionwbeingwstudied.wKnowledgewof wpedigreewchartswiswessentialwforwnurseswassessi
ngwfamilywhistorieswand wgeneticwrisks.
13. Whichwof wthewfollowingwiswtruewregardingwsex-linkedwtraits?
A) Theywarewinherited wequallywbywmaleswand wfemales.
B) Theywarewalwayswexpressed winwmales.
C) Theywarewonlywfound wonwthewYwchromosome.
D) Theywarewtypicallywmorewcommonwinwmaleswthanwfemales.
CorrectwAnswer:wD)wTheywarewtypicallywmorewcommonwinwmaleswthanwfemales.wRation
ale:wSex-
linked wtraitswarewoftenwcarried wonwthewX wchromosome,wleadingwtowhigherwexpressionwinwm
ales,wwhowhavewonlywonewX wchromosome.wNurseswshould wunderstand wsex-
wlinked winheritancewpatternswforweffectivewgeneticwcounseling.
14. Whatwiswthewrolewof wmessengerwRNAw(mRNA)winwproteinwsynthesis?
A) It wcatalyzeswthewformationwof wproteins.
B) It wcarrieswgeneticwinformationwfromwDNA wtowribosomes.
C) It whelpswinwDNAwreplication.
D) It wprotectswDNA wfromwdegradation.
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wIt wcarrieswgeneticwinformationwfromwDNAwtowribosomes.
Rationale:wmRNA wiswcrucialwforwtranslatingwgeneticwinformationwintowproteins,wfunctionin
gwaswawtemplatewforwproteinwsynthesis.wUnderstandingwmRNA'swrolewaidswnurseswinwdiscuss
ingwgeneticwtherapieswand wtreatments.
15. Whichwtermwdescribeswanworganism'swgeneticwmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wGenotype
w w w w w w w w w w
min A. Pierce
w w
,Chapterw1:wIntroductionwtowGeneticswfromwGenetics:wAwConceptualwApproach
1. Whichwof wthewfollowingwbestwdefineswgenetics?
A) Thewstudywof wlivingworganisms
B) Thewstudywof wgeneswand wheredity
C) Thewstudywof wdiseaseswand wtheirwcauses
D) Thewstudywof wcellwstructures
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wThewstudywof wgeneswand wheredity
Rationale:wGeneticswfocuseswspecificallywonwhowwtraitswand wcharacteristicswarewinherited wt
hroughwgenes.wThiswfoundationalwknowledgewiswcrucialwforwunderstandingwmorewcomplexwg
eneticwconcepts.wUnderstandingwgeneticswiswessentialwforwnurses,waswtheywmaywdealwwithwg
eneticwconditionswand wcounseling.
2. Whichwtermwdescribeswthewobservablewcharacteristicswof wanworganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wPhenotype
Rationale:wThewphenotypewreferswtowthewphysicalwexpressionwof wgeneticwtraits,wwhilewgeno
typewreferswtowthewgeneticwmakeup.wNurseswmust wbewablewtowdifferentiatewbetweenwthesewter
mswtowprovideweffectiveweducationwand wsupport wtowpatientswregardingwgeneticwconditions.
3. Whatwiswthewprimarywfunctionwof wDNA?
A) Towprovidewenergywforwcellularwprocesses
B) Towstorewand wtransmit wgeneticwinformation
C) Towcatalyzewbiochemicalwreactions
D) Towservewaswawstructuralwcomponent wof wcells
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wTowstorewand wtransmit wgeneticwinformation
Rationale:wDNAwholdswthewinstructionswforwthewdevelopment wandwfunctioningwof wlivingworgan
isms,wwhichwiswcentralwtowgeneticwstudies.wUnderstandingwthewrolewof wDNAwiswvitalwforwnurses,w
especiallywwhenwdiscussingwgeneticwtestingwand wcounseling.
4. Whichwof wthewfollowingwbestwdescribeswalleles?
A) Different wformswof wawgene
B) Thewsamewformwof wawgene
C) Chromosomeswthat wdeterminewsex
D) Cellswthat wcontainwgeneticwmaterial
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wDifferent wformswof wawgene
Rationale:wAlleleswrepresent wvariationswof wawparticularwgene,wcontributingwtowgeneticwdive
rsity.wNurseswmust wunderstand walleleswtowhelpwexplainwinheritancewpatternswand wgeneticwdis
orderswtowpatients.
5. If wawpersonwhaswtwowidenticalwalleleswforwawtrait,wtheywarewconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectwAnswer:wA)wHomozygous
Rationale:wHomozygouswindividualswhavewtwowcopieswof wthewsamewallele,wwhilewheterozy
gouswindividualswhavewdifferent walleles.wThiswdistinctionwiswessentialwinwgenetics,waswit winflu
enceswthewexpressionwof wtraitswand wthewriskwof wgeneticwdisorders.
6. Whatwiswawgene?
A) A wsegment wof wDNA wthat wcodeswforwawprotein
B) Thewphysicalwlocationwof wchromosomes
C) Thewcompletewset wof wDNAwinwanworganism
D) A wstructurewthat wcarrieswnutrientswinwcells
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wAwsegment wof wDNA wthat wcodeswforwawprotein
Rationale:wGeneswarewthewbasicwunitswof whereditywand warewcrucialwforwproducingwproteinswt
hat wcarrywout wvariouswfunctionswinwthewbody.wUnderstandingwgenewfunctionwiswessentialwforw
nurseswtowassesswgeneticwriskswand wprovidewappropriatewpatient weducation.
7. Whichwgeneticwdisorderwiswcausedwbywawsinglewgenewmutation?
A) Cysticwfibrosis
B) Downwsyndrome
C) Turnerwsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectwAnswer:wA)wCysticwfibrosis
Rationale:wCysticwfibrosiswiswanwautosomalwrecessivewdisorderwresultingwfromwmutationswi
nwthewCFTRwgene,willustratingwMendelianwinheritancewpatterns.wRecognizingwsuchwdisorde
rswallowswnurseswtowprovidewbetterwcarewand wmanagement wstrategieswforwaffected windividua
ls.
8. InwMendelianwinheritance,wwhatwiswthewexpectedwphenotypicwratiowof wawmonohybri
dwcross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
CorrectwAnswer:wB)w3:1
Rationale:wAwmonohybrid wcrosswtypicallywresultswinwaw3:1wratiowof wdominant wtowrecessivew
phenotypes.wThiswknowledgewiswimportant wforwnurseswinvolved winwgeneticwcounseling,waswit
whelpswexplainwinheritancewpatternswtowfamilies.
9. Whichwof wthewfollowingwrepresentswawcarrierwforwawrecessivewgeneticwdisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonewof wthewabove
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wAa
Rationale:wAwcarrierwhaswonewdominant wand wonewrecessivewallele,wshowingwnowsymptomsw
of wthewdisorderwbut wcapablewof wpassingwthewrecessivewallelewtowoffspring.wUnderstandingwca
rrierswiswvitalwinwgeneticwcounselingwand wassessingwfamilywrisks.
10. Whatwiswthewsignificancewof wthewhumanwgenomewproject?
A) Towclonewhumanwgenes
B) Towmapwthewentirewhumanwgenome
C) Towidentifywgeneticwdisorderswonly
D) Towenhancewagriculturalwcrops
, CorrectwAnswer:wB)wTowmapwthewentirewhumanwgenome
Rationale:wThewHumanwGenomewProject waimed wtowsequencewand wunderstand wallwthewgenes
wof wthewhumanwspecies,wwhichwhaswvast wimplicationswforwmedicinewand wgenetics.wNurseswsh
ould wbewawarewof wthiswproject waswit winformswgeneticwtestingwand wtreatment woptions.
11. Whichwof wthewfollowingwiswanwexamplewof wawdominantwtrait?
A) Blueweyes
B) Blood wtypewO
C) Hitchhiker'swthumb
D) Cysticwfibrosis
CorrectwAnswer:wC)wHitchhiker'swthumb
Rationale:wHitchhiker'swthumbwiswawdominant wtrait;wthewotherswareweitherwrecessiveworwbloo
d wtypeswdetermined wbywcodominance.wUnderstandingwdominant wtraitswiswcrucialwforwnurses
wwhenwdiscussingwgeneticwinheritancewwithwpatients.
12. Inwawpedigreewchart,wawfilledwsymbolwtypicallywrepresentswwhichwof wthewfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affected windividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wAffected windividual
Rationale:wFilled wsymbolswinwawpedigreewindicatewindividualswexpressingwawparticularwtrait
worwconditionwbeingwstudied.wKnowledgewof wpedigreewchartswiswessentialwforwnurseswassessi
ngwfamilywhistorieswand wgeneticwrisks.
13. Whichwof wthewfollowingwiswtruewregardingwsex-linkedwtraits?
A) Theywarewinherited wequallywbywmaleswand wfemales.
B) Theywarewalwayswexpressed winwmales.
C) Theywarewonlywfound wonwthewYwchromosome.
D) Theywarewtypicallywmorewcommonwinwmaleswthanwfemales.
CorrectwAnswer:wD)wTheywarewtypicallywmorewcommonwinwmaleswthanwfemales.wRation
ale:wSex-
linked wtraitswarewoftenwcarried wonwthewX wchromosome,wleadingwtowhigherwexpressionwinwm
ales,wwhowhavewonlywonewX wchromosome.wNurseswshould wunderstand wsex-
wlinked winheritancewpatternswforweffectivewgeneticwcounseling.
14. Whatwiswthewrolewof wmessengerwRNAw(mRNA)winwproteinwsynthesis?
A) It wcatalyzeswthewformationwof wproteins.
B) It wcarrieswgeneticwinformationwfromwDNA wtowribosomes.
C) It whelpswinwDNAwreplication.
D) It wprotectswDNA wfromwdegradation.
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wIt wcarrieswgeneticwinformationwfromwDNAwtowribosomes.
Rationale:wmRNA wiswcrucialwforwtranslatingwgeneticwinformationwintowproteins,wfunctionin
gwaswawtemplatewforwproteinwsynthesis.wUnderstandingwmRNA'swrolewaidswnurseswinwdiscuss
ingwgeneticwtherapieswand wtreatments.
15. Whichwtermwdescribeswanworganism'swgeneticwmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectwAnswer:wB)wGenotype
