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ECS2606 Assignment 2 (100% COMPLETE ANSWERS) Semester 1 2025 (157760) - DUE 22 April 2025

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Environmental Economics - ECS2606 Assignment 2 Semester 1 2025 (157760) - DUE 22 April 2025 ;100 % TRUSTED workings, Expert Solved, Explanations and Solutions. For assistance call or W.h.a.t.s.a.p.p us on ...(.+.2.5.4.7.7.9.5.4.0.1.3.2)........... Question 1 1.1 You want to clean up a lake where ten households live. Explain the problem of free riding given that you want to charge each household the same amount for cleaning the lake. (10) 1.2 Explain what you understand by internalizing and externality. (5) 1.3 Explain the equimarginal principle and why it leads to minimum aggregate abatement costs (no graph). (5) 1.4 What are externalities? Describe positive and negative externalities. (5) Question 2 Read the excerpt below and answer the question that follows: Africa has made significant strides in the growth of its solar energy industry in recent years, with the continent seeing an increase of over 1.8W in new solar installations, primarily led by Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Namibia, and Ghana. In order to simultaneously speed up energy access and support sustainable economic growth, Africa’s renewable energy mix has increasingly switched away from conventional hydropower and thermal facilities to renewable alternatives. htps:// 2.1 Explain and graphically illustrate how this technology will affect Africa’s marginal cost curve for the supply of electricity. (10) Read the excerpt below and answer the question that follows: Over 40 million litres of crude oil are spilled in the Niger Delta each year, killing people and harming the ecosystem there in the process. Between 1976 and 2014, the oil-rich region experienced more than 12,000 oil spill occurrences, according to a 2018 report by the Journal of Health and Pollution. More than half of them were a result of tanker accidents and pipeline degradation. 2.2 Discuss the different types of pollutants. Which type of pollutant is associated with the excerpt above? (10)

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ECS2606
ASSIGNMENT 2 SEMESTER 1 2025

UNIQUE NO. 157760
DUE DATE: 22 APRIL 2025

, ECS2606

Assignment 1 Semester 1 2025



Unique Number: 157760

Due Date: 22 April 2025

Environmental Economics

Question 1

1.1 The Free-Rider Problem and Cleaning the Lake

The free-rider problem happens when people benefit from something without paying for
it. In this case, you want to clean up a lake where ten households live. Since everyone
will enjoy the clean water, fresh air, and improved health, they should all contribute to
the cost of cleaning. However, some households may decide not to pay, thinking that
others will cover the cost while they still get the benefits.

For example, if you charge each household the same amount, some might argue that
they don’t pollute as much or that they can’t afford it, so they refuse to pay. Others
might assume that since the lake is getting cleaned anyway, their contribution won’t
make a difference, so they avoid paying. As a result, fewer people pay, and not enough
money is collected to clean the lake properly.

This free-rider problem is common in public goods—things that everyone can use, like
parks, clean air, and streetlights. The challenge is finding a fair way to get everyone to
contribute so the lake can be cleaned without relying on just a few responsible
households.

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