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Bio 1500- Test 3 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass
Describe an effective experimental design to determine whether an environmental variable
imposes selection on a trait - Answer✔- control group
- manipulate the independent variable
- record dependent variable results
- keep everything the same across the groups except the IV (constant temp, environment, food,
etc.)
How does natural selection affect a phenotype? - Answer✔- natural selection occurs when a
mutation positively affects a population, and thus the population starts to reproduce with that
trait
- a phenotype is a visible trait
- natural selection changes phenotypes in a population
4 classes of organic molecules - Answer✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
carbohydrates - Answer✔- large group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starch, and
cellulose, and used as structural materials for energy storage
- Monosaccharides, polysaccharides, disaccharides
lipids - Answer✔- fatty acids or their derivatives, insoluble in water but soluble in organic
solvents, non-polar in nature
- triglycerides, saturated fat, unsaturated fat, phospholipids
proteins - Answer✔- large, complex molecules that play many important roles in the body
- enzymes, hormones, actin, casein, myosin
nucleic acids - Answer✔- most important macromolecule, they carry the cell's genetic blueprint
and instructions for its functioning
- DNA, RNA, nucleotides, purines
building blocks of carbohydrates - Answer✔monosaccharides (simple sugars)
1|Page
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building blocks of lipids - Answer✔fatty acids and glycerol
building blocks of proteins - Answer✔amino acids
building blocks of nucleic acids - Answer✔nucleotides
monomer - Answer✔A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
polymer - Answer✔A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked
together.
hydrolysis - Answer✔Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
dehydration synthesis - Answer✔A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond
to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
why are most cells limited to a small size - Answer✔large cells cannot provide nutrients, water,
or remove waste in an efficient manner
prokaryote - Answer✔A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
eukaryote - Answer✔A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
animal cell - Answer✔does not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole
plant cell - Answer✔contains a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole
cell wall - Answer✔- A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support
to the cell
- only in plant cells
plasma membrane - Answer✔a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the
external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the
passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.
mitochondria - Answer✔Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
chloroplast - Answer✔An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Golgi apparatus - Answer✔stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
ribosome - Answer✔Makes proteins
nucleus - Answer✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
flagellum - Answer✔A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move
2|Page
Bio 1500- Test 3 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass
Describe an effective experimental design to determine whether an environmental variable
imposes selection on a trait - Answer✔- control group
- manipulate the independent variable
- record dependent variable results
- keep everything the same across the groups except the IV (constant temp, environment, food,
etc.)
How does natural selection affect a phenotype? - Answer✔- natural selection occurs when a
mutation positively affects a population, and thus the population starts to reproduce with that
trait
- a phenotype is a visible trait
- natural selection changes phenotypes in a population
4 classes of organic molecules - Answer✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
carbohydrates - Answer✔- large group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starch, and
cellulose, and used as structural materials for energy storage
- Monosaccharides, polysaccharides, disaccharides
lipids - Answer✔- fatty acids or their derivatives, insoluble in water but soluble in organic
solvents, non-polar in nature
- triglycerides, saturated fat, unsaturated fat, phospholipids
proteins - Answer✔- large, complex molecules that play many important roles in the body
- enzymes, hormones, actin, casein, myosin
nucleic acids - Answer✔- most important macromolecule, they carry the cell's genetic blueprint
and instructions for its functioning
- DNA, RNA, nucleotides, purines
building blocks of carbohydrates - Answer✔monosaccharides (simple sugars)
1|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:27PM. A+
building blocks of lipids - Answer✔fatty acids and glycerol
building blocks of proteins - Answer✔amino acids
building blocks of nucleic acids - Answer✔nucleotides
monomer - Answer✔A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
polymer - Answer✔A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked
together.
hydrolysis - Answer✔Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
dehydration synthesis - Answer✔A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond
to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
why are most cells limited to a small size - Answer✔large cells cannot provide nutrients, water,
or remove waste in an efficient manner
prokaryote - Answer✔A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
eukaryote - Answer✔A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
animal cell - Answer✔does not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole
plant cell - Answer✔contains a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole
cell wall - Answer✔- A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support
to the cell
- only in plant cells
plasma membrane - Answer✔a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the
external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the
passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.
mitochondria - Answer✔Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
chloroplast - Answer✔An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Golgi apparatus - Answer✔stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
ribosome - Answer✔Makes proteins
nucleus - Answer✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
flagellum - Answer✔A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move
2|Page
