NGN PHARMACOLOGY FORM A
1. The nurse understands which occurrence is an adverse effect or to xic effect of
aspirin? SATA
a. rash
b. tinnitus
c. nausea
d. vomiting
e. hypoventilation
Answer: b. tinnitus, c. nausea, d. vomiting
Rationale:
a. aspirin is a nonopioid analgesic used for the management of mild to mod painor
fever, transient ischemic attacks, prophylaxis of heart attacks, ischemic stroke, and
angina. A rash can be a sign of allergy, not an adverse or toxic effect
b. tinnitus is a toxic effect of aspirin
c. nausea can be an adverse effect of nausea
d. vomiting can be an adverse effect of aspirin
e. hyperventilation and convulsion occurs with salicylate poisoning
2. Which instruction by the nurse is best to include when teachinga clientabout
amlodipine?
a. "Report any swelling of the face or extremities to the health careprovider."
b. "You need to refrigerate this medication."
c. "Report any weight loss to the health care provider."
d. "Photophobia is a common adverse effect that will diminish withrepeateduse."
Answer: a. "Report any swelling of the face or extremities to thehealth
careprovider."
Rationale:
swelling in the face or extremities is an AE that the client should report. Almodipineis
a CCB and inhibits calcium ion influx accrosscardiac and smooth muscle cells.It
dilates coronary arteries, and decreases blood pressure and myocardial
oxygendemand. Adverse effects include headache, fatigue, paresthesia, edema, and
dyspnea.Nursing considerations include monitoring client for increased angina
orsymptoms of an acute MI. Client education includes notify prescriber if signs of
heart failure occur, such as swelling ofthe hands or feet or SOB. can be stored atroom
temp.
, 3. The nurse provides medication education for a client receivinglovastatin.Which
information is most important for the nurse to include?
a. "Notify the health care provider if you experience muscle pain."
b. "This medication may damage your kidneys."
c. "Take the medication with a large glass of grapefruit juice."
d. "If you miss a dose, double the medication the following dayAnswer:
a."Notify the health care provider if you experience muscle pain."
Rationale:
a. lovastatin is used to lower serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and
lipopro-teins. AEs with major consesquencesinclude muscle pain or injury and
liver dysfunction
b. lovastatin may cause damage to the liver, client should have liver function tests 6-
12 weeks after beginning lovastatin the every6 months. Client should be
instructed to monitor for dark urine, colored stools, or yellowing ofthe eyes or skin
c. the client should avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice. Theclient should
takemedication with the evening meal
d. If the client misses a dose of the medication they should not double the med
tomake up the missed dose. Teaching the client totake the med at the same time
every day will assist the client to remember to take the med consistently
4. The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with rheumatoidarthritiswho
reports cramping and abdominal discomfort after taking prescribed hydrocortisone.
Which instruction by the nurse isbest?
a. "You need to take hydrocortisone when you take the rest of yourmedica-tions."
b. "Restrict your fluid intake when you take hydrocortisone."
c. "Take hydrocortisone with food and not on an empty stomach."
d. "Hydrocortisone should be taken at bedtime."
Answer: c. "Take hydrocortisone with food and not on an emptystomach."
Rationale:
a. mixing hydrocortisone with other medications will not decrease
gastrointestinaldistress, but could increase distress
b. restricting fluid intake will not reduce GI distress from oralsteroids Taking
medswith milk or food will help
c. Taking oral steroids with food will decrease associated GI
distress. Hydro- cortisone is a short acting synthetic steroid given for severe
inflammation or immunosuppression. Adverse effects include hyperglycemia, gastric
and duodenalulcers, muscle wasting,fluid retention, K+ excretion, and moon face.
Nursing re- sponsibilities include assessing for diabetes and ulcers, monitoringblood
pressureand labs and checking for infections
1. The nurse understands which occurrence is an adverse effect or to xic effect of
aspirin? SATA
a. rash
b. tinnitus
c. nausea
d. vomiting
e. hypoventilation
Answer: b. tinnitus, c. nausea, d. vomiting
Rationale:
a. aspirin is a nonopioid analgesic used for the management of mild to mod painor
fever, transient ischemic attacks, prophylaxis of heart attacks, ischemic stroke, and
angina. A rash can be a sign of allergy, not an adverse or toxic effect
b. tinnitus is a toxic effect of aspirin
c. nausea can be an adverse effect of nausea
d. vomiting can be an adverse effect of aspirin
e. hyperventilation and convulsion occurs with salicylate poisoning
2. Which instruction by the nurse is best to include when teachinga clientabout
amlodipine?
a. "Report any swelling of the face or extremities to the health careprovider."
b. "You need to refrigerate this medication."
c. "Report any weight loss to the health care provider."
d. "Photophobia is a common adverse effect that will diminish withrepeateduse."
Answer: a. "Report any swelling of the face or extremities to thehealth
careprovider."
Rationale:
swelling in the face or extremities is an AE that the client should report. Almodipineis
a CCB and inhibits calcium ion influx accrosscardiac and smooth muscle cells.It
dilates coronary arteries, and decreases blood pressure and myocardial
oxygendemand. Adverse effects include headache, fatigue, paresthesia, edema, and
dyspnea.Nursing considerations include monitoring client for increased angina
orsymptoms of an acute MI. Client education includes notify prescriber if signs of
heart failure occur, such as swelling ofthe hands or feet or SOB. can be stored atroom
temp.
, 3. The nurse provides medication education for a client receivinglovastatin.Which
information is most important for the nurse to include?
a. "Notify the health care provider if you experience muscle pain."
b. "This medication may damage your kidneys."
c. "Take the medication with a large glass of grapefruit juice."
d. "If you miss a dose, double the medication the following dayAnswer:
a."Notify the health care provider if you experience muscle pain."
Rationale:
a. lovastatin is used to lower serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and
lipopro-teins. AEs with major consesquencesinclude muscle pain or injury and
liver dysfunction
b. lovastatin may cause damage to the liver, client should have liver function tests 6-
12 weeks after beginning lovastatin the every6 months. Client should be
instructed to monitor for dark urine, colored stools, or yellowing ofthe eyes or skin
c. the client should avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice. Theclient should
takemedication with the evening meal
d. If the client misses a dose of the medication they should not double the med
tomake up the missed dose. Teaching the client totake the med at the same time
every day will assist the client to remember to take the med consistently
4. The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with rheumatoidarthritiswho
reports cramping and abdominal discomfort after taking prescribed hydrocortisone.
Which instruction by the nurse isbest?
a. "You need to take hydrocortisone when you take the rest of yourmedica-tions."
b. "Restrict your fluid intake when you take hydrocortisone."
c. "Take hydrocortisone with food and not on an empty stomach."
d. "Hydrocortisone should be taken at bedtime."
Answer: c. "Take hydrocortisone with food and not on an emptystomach."
Rationale:
a. mixing hydrocortisone with other medications will not decrease
gastrointestinaldistress, but could increase distress
b. restricting fluid intake will not reduce GI distress from oralsteroids Taking
medswith milk or food will help
c. Taking oral steroids with food will decrease associated GI
distress. Hydro- cortisone is a short acting synthetic steroid given for severe
inflammation or immunosuppression. Adverse effects include hyperglycemia, gastric
and duodenalulcers, muscle wasting,fluid retention, K+ excretion, and moon face.
Nursing re- sponsibilities include assessing for diabetes and ulcers, monitoringblood
pressureand labs and checking for infections
