CHAPTER 3 MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
CONCEPTS AND PRACTICE DEWIT EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!!!
, Acidosis - ANSWER Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the blood and
body tissues
Acidosis levels - ANSWER pH below 7.35
Active Transport - ANSWER Energy-requiring process that moves material across a
cell membrane against a concentration difference, active transport may move
substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - ANSWER "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+
by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood
volume and pressure
Alkalosis - ANSWER excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the blood
and body fluids
Alkalosis - ANSWER pH > 7.45
Anions - ANSWER negatively charged ions
Cations - ANSWER positively charged ions
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER released by the posterior pituitary, controls how
much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes reabsorption of water from the
kidney tubules
Ascites - ANSWER abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - ANSWER released to stimulate renal vasodilation
when there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone. Increases urinary output.
Congestive heart failure patients have high levels of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - ANSWER A spasm of the hand, thumbs, foot, or
toes that accompanies tetany.
Dehydration - ANSWER water moves from the cells into interstitial and intravascular
spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - ANSWER process by which substances move across the membranes until
they are evenly distributed in the available space
CONCEPTS AND PRACTICE DEWIT EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!!!
, Acidosis - ANSWER Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the blood and
body tissues
Acidosis levels - ANSWER pH below 7.35
Active Transport - ANSWER Energy-requiring process that moves material across a
cell membrane against a concentration difference, active transport may move
substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - ANSWER "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+
by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood
volume and pressure
Alkalosis - ANSWER excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the blood
and body fluids
Alkalosis - ANSWER pH > 7.45
Anions - ANSWER negatively charged ions
Cations - ANSWER positively charged ions
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER released by the posterior pituitary, controls how
much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes reabsorption of water from the
kidney tubules
Ascites - ANSWER abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - ANSWER released to stimulate renal vasodilation
when there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone. Increases urinary output.
Congestive heart failure patients have high levels of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - ANSWER A spasm of the hand, thumbs, foot, or
toes that accompanies tetany.
Dehydration - ANSWER water moves from the cells into interstitial and intravascular
spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - ANSWER process by which substances move across the membranes until
they are evenly distributed in the available space
