Psychology Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4)
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Psychology - ✔✔1. Early: acquired the meaning "study of the mind"
2. Current: scientific study of human and animal behavior and mental processes
Wilhem Wundt - ✔✔-Founder of Psychology
G. Stanley Hall - ✔✔-Brought Psychology to America
Sigmund Frued - ✔✔-Psychoanalytic Theory: attempts to explain personality,
motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
-Controversy and Frued: his idea of the unconscious suggests people are not in control
of their mind, behavior is influenced by how people cope with sexual urges
John B. Watson - ✔✔-Founder of behaviorism
B.F. Skinner - ✔✔-Fundamental principle
-Controversy: all behavior is governed by external stimuli
-Free will is an illusion
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, Psychiatry - ✔✔-Branch of medicine concerned with psychological disturbances (can
prescribe medicine)
Two Great Assumptions in Science - ✔✔1. Positivism: "Truth" exists and we can know it
2. Empiricism: An approach to understanding the world that involves collecting data or
making observations
Hypothesis vs Theory - ✔✔1. Hypothesis: specific prediction about the relationship
between the variables, "educated guess"
2. Theory: set of related ideas that help scientists to explain how variables relate
Variable - ✔✔-Something that varies and is measurable
Operational Definition - ✔✔-The way the variable is being defined for the specific study
Independent vs Dependent Variable - ✔✔1. IV: manipulated
2. DV: measured
Experiments - ✔✔1. Pros: precise control, cause and effect conclusions
2. Cons: can't be used for some questions, lab setting "artificial"
3. Variables: IV and DV
4. Manipulates a variable
5. Observes changes in variable
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Psychology - ✔✔1. Early: acquired the meaning "study of the mind"
2. Current: scientific study of human and animal behavior and mental processes
Wilhem Wundt - ✔✔-Founder of Psychology
G. Stanley Hall - ✔✔-Brought Psychology to America
Sigmund Frued - ✔✔-Psychoanalytic Theory: attempts to explain personality,
motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
-Controversy and Frued: his idea of the unconscious suggests people are not in control
of their mind, behavior is influenced by how people cope with sexual urges
John B. Watson - ✔✔-Founder of behaviorism
B.F. Skinner - ✔✔-Fundamental principle
-Controversy: all behavior is governed by external stimuli
-Free will is an illusion
100% Pass Guarantee Olivia West, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Psychiatry - ✔✔-Branch of medicine concerned with psychological disturbances (can
prescribe medicine)
Two Great Assumptions in Science - ✔✔1. Positivism: "Truth" exists and we can know it
2. Empiricism: An approach to understanding the world that involves collecting data or
making observations
Hypothesis vs Theory - ✔✔1. Hypothesis: specific prediction about the relationship
between the variables, "educated guess"
2. Theory: set of related ideas that help scientists to explain how variables relate
Variable - ✔✔-Something that varies and is measurable
Operational Definition - ✔✔-The way the variable is being defined for the specific study
Independent vs Dependent Variable - ✔✔1. IV: manipulated
2. DV: measured
Experiments - ✔✔1. Pros: precise control, cause and effect conclusions
2. Cons: can't be used for some questions, lab setting "artificial"
3. Variables: IV and DV
4. Manipulates a variable
5. Observes changes in variable
100% Pass Guarantee Olivia West, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
