Introduction to Radiologic & Imaging Sciences & Patient Care 8th Edition by Arlene M. Adler Test Bank

,Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
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Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE wi




1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
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a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. wi wi




ANS: B wiwi


Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage of x-
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rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically referred to a
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s radiographs.
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REF: p. 4 wi




2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the result
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of radiation’s ability to create
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in human tissue and possible biochemical changes wi wi wi wi wi wi


.
a. ionizations
b. radio waves wi


c. sound waves wi


d. thermal changes wi




ANS: A wiwi


Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-
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rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability to disru
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pt the composition of matter and are capable of disrupting life processes. Special protecti
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on should be provided to prevent excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
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REF: p. 3 wi




3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of medical
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diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to create a medi
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cal image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation, he or she may
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choose to order any of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT
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a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. wi


c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. wi wi




ANS: C wiwi


Radiography involves the use of x- wi wi wi wi wi


rays for the production of medical images. Medical procedures such as thermograms, sono
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grams, and magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do
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not produce ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for i
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maging and offer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned about radiation exposure t
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o patients.
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, REF: w i w i pp. 3-4 wi




4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine. All of t
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he following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
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a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
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b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft. wi wi wi wi wi wi


c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery.
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d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
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ANS: B wiwi


The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explanations f
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or the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic oath still gover
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ns the ethical conduct of physicians today.
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REF: p. 5 wi




5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. Thes
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e events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. As
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ithis research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
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a. proper sanitation and public health. wi wi wi wi


b. immunology and the development of vaccines. wi wi wi wi wi


c. germ theory and infection. wi wi wi


d. human genes and genetic engineering. wi wi wi wi




ANS: D wiwi


Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for
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many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of cure
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s for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important pharma
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ceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on the geneti
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c code in all cells.
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REF: p. 6 wi




6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x-
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ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although his disco
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very was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant findings have
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been added to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of Ro
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entgen as a scientist. One of the most famous early images he created was an x-
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ray image of his
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a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. wi wi


c. wife’s hand. wi


d. kidneys.
ANS: C wiwi


November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created the famo
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us image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, Roentgen identified
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the properties of x-rays.
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REF: p. 6 wi

, 7. A valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
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a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. wi




ANS: D wiwi


Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis, which
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can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction). By way o
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f a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is possible. T
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his treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used to treat
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patients without having to use invasive open-heart surgery.
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REF: p. 8 wi




8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
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a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
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b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
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c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography. wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi


d. radiographers must be certified by the ARRT to qualify for the mammograph wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi wi


y examination. wi




ANS: B wiwi


Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for mammogr
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aphy procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray tube and high-
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resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high-
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quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-ray equipment.
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REF: p. 8 wi




9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast material
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iis administered into these vessels by using
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a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. wi wi wi




ANS: A wiwi


Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection o
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f a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a catheter, whic
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h can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for visualization of these structu
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res.

REF: p. 8 wi




10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in medicine.
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An imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of radio waves a
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nd magnetic fields is
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a. nuclear imaging. wi


b. thermography.
c. CVIT.