DERMATOLOGY - FALL 2025 EXAM 01 (-
EVALUATION OF SKIN - ACNE -
DERMATITIS - BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
- FUNGAL AND YEAST INFECTIONS -
WARTS, MOLLUSCUM) EXAM!!
Term
what are the causes and clinical manifestations of hand, foot and
mouth
- open comedones = blackheads, superficial plug → wide opening w/
black melanin
- closed comedones = whiteheads, precursors to inflammatory acne-red
papules, pustules & cysts
- papules
, - pustules
- nodules
- cysts
- coxsackie A16 --> young child, mild prodrome of fever, malaise --
> shallow gray ulcers on posterior throat & tongue --> discrete acral
blisters on hands and feet
- H&P: (-)LAN
- AG: ~1mo line on nail
- not good for initial therapy
- good for maintenance of improvement achieved w/ oral antibiotics
→ more effective if combined w/ Benzoyl Peroxide e.g. Benzaprin =
benzoyl peroxide + clindamyacin
- set realistic expectations
- treatment is long, flare-ups are expected
- use only non-comedogenic makeups, moisturizers, sunscreens
- best results w/ regular and consistent therapy → takes 2-3 months to
determine efficacy ∴ f/u every 3-6 months
Don't know?
2 of 154
Term
what is the treatment for fungal infections?
Give this one a try later!
- papules/ vesicopustules on erythematous, scaling base
- around mouth, sparing upper lip near vermillion border
, - around eyes
- burning sensation
- non pruritic
- topical anti-fungal for superficial
- oral anti-fungal for deep
- if AA + LAN → treat & culture
- if caucasian + LAN → culture → treat if positive
- Tx tinea capitis: 1st line: griseofulvin, ketoconazole; 2nd line:
terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole
- oral dicloxicillin or cephalexin for 10 days
- topical mupirocin (bactroban)
- hand washing w/ surgical soap
- do NOT remove crusts → scarring
- not responding? → culture for MRSA
- AG: superficial, will not scar, hyperpigmentation for few months; whole
family Rx 2x/week bleach bath
- clinical Dx:
- pruritis = itchiness
- facial & extensor eczema in infants and young children
- flexural eczema in older children and adults
- chronic or relapsing dermatitis
- ↑IgE
- urticaria
- food intolerances/ allergies v. rare
- red plaques w/ scale, crust, oozing → papular, lichenification,
Don't know?
3 of 154
Term
, - what is the initial lesion in acne?
- when does acne appear?
Give this one a try later!
- mild illness, low grade fever, HA, URI,LAN, or subclinical; --> prodrome?
--> 1-5 days pink, maculo-papular eruption begins on face -->
progresses in cephalocaudad direction --> enanthem w/ FORCHHEIMER's
spots = red, petechial macules on soft palate --> recedes in 2-3 days in
same order appeared
- H&P: LAN
- Tx: supportive
**dangerous in pregnancy --> congenital rubella can lead to CATARACTS,
deafness, congenital HD, CNS abnormalities; neonatal purpura & jaundice
w/ recurrent episodes of rubella **at birth BLUEBERRY MUFFIN syndrome
- coxsackie A16 --> young child, mild prodrome of fever, malaise -->
shallow gray ulcers on posterior throat & tongue --> discrete acral blisters
on hands and feet
- H&P: (-)LAN
- AG: ~1mo line on nail
- MICROCOMEDONE
- neonatal acne
- adolescent acne affects 80-85% of teenagers/young adults → 12%
women, 3% men into adulthood
- strongest: family history
- freq. assoc. features: personal history of atopic dz; xerosis; early onset <
2y/o
Don't know?
4 of 154
EVALUATION OF SKIN - ACNE -
DERMATITIS - BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
- FUNGAL AND YEAST INFECTIONS -
WARTS, MOLLUSCUM) EXAM!!
Term
what are the causes and clinical manifestations of hand, foot and
mouth
- open comedones = blackheads, superficial plug → wide opening w/
black melanin
- closed comedones = whiteheads, precursors to inflammatory acne-red
papules, pustules & cysts
- papules
, - pustules
- nodules
- cysts
- coxsackie A16 --> young child, mild prodrome of fever, malaise --
> shallow gray ulcers on posterior throat & tongue --> discrete acral
blisters on hands and feet
- H&P: (-)LAN
- AG: ~1mo line on nail
- not good for initial therapy
- good for maintenance of improvement achieved w/ oral antibiotics
→ more effective if combined w/ Benzoyl Peroxide e.g. Benzaprin =
benzoyl peroxide + clindamyacin
- set realistic expectations
- treatment is long, flare-ups are expected
- use only non-comedogenic makeups, moisturizers, sunscreens
- best results w/ regular and consistent therapy → takes 2-3 months to
determine efficacy ∴ f/u every 3-6 months
Don't know?
2 of 154
Term
what is the treatment for fungal infections?
Give this one a try later!
- papules/ vesicopustules on erythematous, scaling base
- around mouth, sparing upper lip near vermillion border
, - around eyes
- burning sensation
- non pruritic
- topical anti-fungal for superficial
- oral anti-fungal for deep
- if AA + LAN → treat & culture
- if caucasian + LAN → culture → treat if positive
- Tx tinea capitis: 1st line: griseofulvin, ketoconazole; 2nd line:
terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole
- oral dicloxicillin or cephalexin for 10 days
- topical mupirocin (bactroban)
- hand washing w/ surgical soap
- do NOT remove crusts → scarring
- not responding? → culture for MRSA
- AG: superficial, will not scar, hyperpigmentation for few months; whole
family Rx 2x/week bleach bath
- clinical Dx:
- pruritis = itchiness
- facial & extensor eczema in infants and young children
- flexural eczema in older children and adults
- chronic or relapsing dermatitis
- ↑IgE
- urticaria
- food intolerances/ allergies v. rare
- red plaques w/ scale, crust, oozing → papular, lichenification,
Don't know?
3 of 154
Term
, - what is the initial lesion in acne?
- when does acne appear?
Give this one a try later!
- mild illness, low grade fever, HA, URI,LAN, or subclinical; --> prodrome?
--> 1-5 days pink, maculo-papular eruption begins on face -->
progresses in cephalocaudad direction --> enanthem w/ FORCHHEIMER's
spots = red, petechial macules on soft palate --> recedes in 2-3 days in
same order appeared
- H&P: LAN
- Tx: supportive
**dangerous in pregnancy --> congenital rubella can lead to CATARACTS,
deafness, congenital HD, CNS abnormalities; neonatal purpura & jaundice
w/ recurrent episodes of rubella **at birth BLUEBERRY MUFFIN syndrome
- coxsackie A16 --> young child, mild prodrome of fever, malaise -->
shallow gray ulcers on posterior throat & tongue --> discrete acral blisters
on hands and feet
- H&P: (-)LAN
- AG: ~1mo line on nail
- MICROCOMEDONE
- neonatal acne
- adolescent acne affects 80-85% of teenagers/young adults → 12%
women, 3% men into adulthood
- strongest: family history
- freq. assoc. features: personal history of atopic dz; xerosis; early onset <
2y/o
Don't know?
4 of 154
