PDH Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 Already Passed
Ethics - Answers study of standards of right and wrong: system of conduct or behavior, moral principles
Bioethics - Answers study of the ethical problems arising from scientific advances
Bioethics is a disciplined study of... - Answers what morality should be for patients and healthcare
providers and their policies
Main objective of bioethics - Answers how to maintain respect for and protection of the individual
Product-centered practice - Answers professional values dominated by service and accuracy
product-centered practice considered it unethical to... - Answers intervene on a physicians
recommendations
Values in the 1970's pharmacy practice shifted to... - Answers patient-centered care
Pharmaceutical care as a standard of practice means - Answers it is a pharmacists responsibility to go
beyond accuracy and assist in treatment plans
Now that pharmacists are active participants in drug therapy management, they can be considered -
Answers primary health-care providers
Top 5 professional values in pharmacy - Answers Dignity
Truth
Compassion
Faithfulness
Fairness
Ethical Theories: Traditional (2 types) - Answers consequentialism
nonconsequentialism
consequentialism - Answers concerned only with the outcomes or consequences
nonconsequentialism - Answers based upon actions themselves without regard to outcomes
Example of speaking consequentially to a terminally ill patient - Answers lying to a patient to benefit
them
Example of speaking nonconsequentially to a terminally ill patient - Answers speak frankly but kindly
about their condition
Beneficence - Answers guide actions and behaviors of practitioners toward beneficial patient outcomes
, Example of Beneficence - Answers provide emergency medication without regard to legal consequences
Nonmaleficence - Answers principle that urges practitioners to avoid actions and behaviors that may
bring harm to their patients
Example of Nonmaleficence - Answers refusing to fill a prescription that the pharmacist feels may harm
the patient
Justice - Answers strategies or acts that ensure the fair allocation of goods and services
Autonomy - Answers Strategies or acts that respect the self-determination of other persons
Fidelity - Answers acts that stress faithfulness and promise-keeping
4 step process of ethical decision-making in pharmacy practice - Answers 1. problem identification
2. develop alternative course of action
3. select course of action
4.consider objections to actions
3 Step David Brushwood ethical problem solving method - Answers 1. clarify facts
2. clarify concepts
3. clarify principles and apply to ethical values
3 Problems with Professional Code of Ethics - Answers 1. not all encompassing
2. too broad or vague
3. difficult to enforce
Ethics and the Law are - Answers separate but can be combined
Ethical "violations" can result in - Answers consequences from licensing boards but not incarceration
Example of an ethical situation being dealt with by legal measures - Answers Physician Assisted Suicide
Pharmaceutical Care - Answers a collaborative, patient-centered effort to identify, resolve, and prevent
drug related problems to improve health outcomes
Evolution of Pharmacy Profession - Answers Apothecary
Dispenser
Clinician
Ethics - Answers study of standards of right and wrong: system of conduct or behavior, moral principles
Bioethics - Answers study of the ethical problems arising from scientific advances
Bioethics is a disciplined study of... - Answers what morality should be for patients and healthcare
providers and their policies
Main objective of bioethics - Answers how to maintain respect for and protection of the individual
Product-centered practice - Answers professional values dominated by service and accuracy
product-centered practice considered it unethical to... - Answers intervene on a physicians
recommendations
Values in the 1970's pharmacy practice shifted to... - Answers patient-centered care
Pharmaceutical care as a standard of practice means - Answers it is a pharmacists responsibility to go
beyond accuracy and assist in treatment plans
Now that pharmacists are active participants in drug therapy management, they can be considered -
Answers primary health-care providers
Top 5 professional values in pharmacy - Answers Dignity
Truth
Compassion
Faithfulness
Fairness
Ethical Theories: Traditional (2 types) - Answers consequentialism
nonconsequentialism
consequentialism - Answers concerned only with the outcomes or consequences
nonconsequentialism - Answers based upon actions themselves without regard to outcomes
Example of speaking consequentially to a terminally ill patient - Answers lying to a patient to benefit
them
Example of speaking nonconsequentially to a terminally ill patient - Answers speak frankly but kindly
about their condition
Beneficence - Answers guide actions and behaviors of practitioners toward beneficial patient outcomes
, Example of Beneficence - Answers provide emergency medication without regard to legal consequences
Nonmaleficence - Answers principle that urges practitioners to avoid actions and behaviors that may
bring harm to their patients
Example of Nonmaleficence - Answers refusing to fill a prescription that the pharmacist feels may harm
the patient
Justice - Answers strategies or acts that ensure the fair allocation of goods and services
Autonomy - Answers Strategies or acts that respect the self-determination of other persons
Fidelity - Answers acts that stress faithfulness and promise-keeping
4 step process of ethical decision-making in pharmacy practice - Answers 1. problem identification
2. develop alternative course of action
3. select course of action
4.consider objections to actions
3 Step David Brushwood ethical problem solving method - Answers 1. clarify facts
2. clarify concepts
3. clarify principles and apply to ethical values
3 Problems with Professional Code of Ethics - Answers 1. not all encompassing
2. too broad or vague
3. difficult to enforce
Ethics and the Law are - Answers separate but can be combined
Ethical "violations" can result in - Answers consequences from licensing boards but not incarceration
Example of an ethical situation being dealt with by legal measures - Answers Physician Assisted Suicide
Pharmaceutical Care - Answers a collaborative, patient-centered effort to identify, resolve, and prevent
drug related problems to improve health outcomes
Evolution of Pharmacy Profession - Answers Apothecary
Dispenser
Clinician
