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PHCL 3100: Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2025/2026( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).

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PHCL 3100: Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2025/2026( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).

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PHCL 3100: Exam 1
Ca++, Na+ - ANS-Excitatory ions

K+, Cl- - ANS-Inhibitory ions

Glutamate - ANS-attention, memory (excitatory amino acid)

GABA - ANS-Sedation

Dopamine - ANS-Intensity, reward, alertness

Norepinephrine - ANS-alarm

Serotonin - ANS-emotion, sexual desire

Acetylcholine - ANS-attention, memory

Anandamide - ANS-cosmic "oneness," reward, appetite, analgesia

Adenosine - ANS-sleep-repair

histamine - ANS-emergency alert-vomit

Substance P - ANS-pain

Endorphines - ANS-"Pain? Meh!"

Neuropeptide Y - ANS-appetite

Cortistatin - ANS-Sleep

Hypocretin / Orexin - ANS-Wakefulness

Leptin - ANS-Appetite

Oxytocin - ANS-trust and love, social neediness

Vasopressin - ANS-emergency, blood pressure

Aspirin Naproxen - ANS-Alzheimer's drug

, NSAID
long term use beforehand may prevent AD

Lovastatin - ANS-Alzheimer's Drug
Prevents AD by reducing hypercholesterolemia

Antihypertensive Drugs - ANS-Alzheimer's Drug
Lowers high blood pressure preventing AD

Donepezil - ANS-Alzheimer's Drug
Inhibits AChE (metabolism)
Drug of choice for those not on other drugs

Rivastigmine - ANS-Alzheimer's Drug
Inhibits AChE (metabolism)
Drug of choice for those on multiple drugs

Memantine - ANS-Alzheimer's Drug
reversible NMDAr antagonist (decreases glutamate)

Sinemet - ANS-Parkinson Drug
Combination of L-Dopa and carbidopa

Entacapone - ANS-Parkinson Drug
COMT inhibitor
Used to extend sinemet duration of action

Trihexyphenidyl - ANS-Parkinson Drug
Anticholinergic
Anti SLUD effects

Bromocriptine - ANS-Parkinson Drug
Dopamine Receptor Agonist
Can cause fibrosis, dyskinesis, and hallucinations

Amantidine - ANS-Parkinson Drug
Enhances dopamine release
Antiviral

Selegiline - ANS-Parkinson Drug
Inhibits MAO increasing dopamine
Possibly neuroprotective

Apomorphine - ANS-Parkinson Drug

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