TCRN EXAM 1 2025 TEST QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
What blood component does not require ABO typing? Why? - Platelets - because it part of the serum
and does not have antibodies. Antigens are contained in the RBCs
What is the most common facial fracture? - Zygomatic bone check bone
In DIC is fibrinogen increased or decreased? - It will be decreased because they are being used up in
the initial clot formation.
What are the 3 types of distributive shock? - Anaphylaxis, septic and Neurogenic
What are the 4 types of shock? - Cardiogenic, Hypovolemic, Obstructive, Distributive
Who does obstructive shock affect more? - Pregnant woman from uterus pressure on thoracic cavity
What is the purpose of glucose stores in the liver - It is utilized in fight section of fight or flight to
boost energy.
When glucose is high what are some complications of to blood components? - the WBS/Neutrophils
are paralysed about 120 mg'dl
What is automaticity of the heart? - It the speed of the electricity in the heart
What does an increase of automaticity tend to cause? - Arrythmias
What do inflammatory mediators cause - systemic vasodilation to flood the area with RBS,WBS and
O2
What is the pulse pressure ? - Systolic minus diastolic
What is the systolic blood pressure? - The squeeze of teh ventricles
,What is the diastolic blood pressure? - the peripheal blood pressure or vascular resistance
What is sterlings law? - The further soomething streches the stronger the contraction
How do you calculate MAP? - diastolic x2 plus (+) systolic divided by 3
Why would not place an IO in a certain bone? - Fracture in bone or previous failed attempts in same
bone
What is the calculation for pediataric fluid bolus ? - 20 cc/kg
What do colloids do? - Bring large fluid in into the cell as they are plasma based molecules such as
albumin.
Why do you add blood in a trauam resusitation after fluids? - Fluids do not carry oxygen but RBCs do.
What are the other lab levels for DIC? - Plts dec
PT/PTT increased longer bleeding times clot factors used up
Fibronogen dec used to form clots
Ddimer increased its a clot degradation product
Hct/Hgb dec as the patient is bleeding
What is whole blood and how long is ot good for? - Whole blood contains all of the blood
compenents and must be used up quickly no additives to prevents clots from forming. Usually
bagged in 500cc bags
How much does each unit of PRBCs increase labs? - 1 g/l Hgb and 3% Hct
What is th unit size for an order of PRBCs? - 250 cc
One unit of platelets increase serum level by how much? - 5-10K you will be giving multiple units
, Where are most clotting factors located in blood? - Fresh Frozen Plasma
Each unit of FFP increases serum by hw much? - 7%
What are cryoprecipitates? - Respun FFP - WBC make be leukoreduced
What is the universal blood donor? - O - use O - in females or O+ in males
What s the universsal donor for fresh frozen plasma? - AB blood no antibodies
In large blood transfusions what electrolytes do you watch closely? - Potassion Hyper K+ (lysis),
Calcium HypoCa+ (10 plus units anti coag additives), acidosis from sitting o n shelf, Coag - giving
PBRCs without clotting factors
What is permissive hypotension? - Allowing the BP to be lower as to not blow a formed clot
What type of injury is permissive hypotension best for? - penetration not so much fro blunt, or head
injury. elderly or ped
What are some end points of resuscitation? - Lactate < 4mmol/l anarobic use for energy
Base deficiet < 4 (blood buffer) 4 means widespread hypoperfusion
Why are BP, mental status, and urine output not great indicators of end points for resuscitation? - BP
- non predictive of end tissure perfusion
Mental - drug etoh use prior
Urinary - Consider comorbids DM, CRF, lasix
Why are invasive hemodynamic monitors NOT best for end point resuscitation? - Risk of infection
What are the parametrs for base defieciet? - 4 wide spread hypoperfusin
6 severe injury
CORRECT ANSWERS
What blood component does not require ABO typing? Why? - Platelets - because it part of the serum
and does not have antibodies. Antigens are contained in the RBCs
What is the most common facial fracture? - Zygomatic bone check bone
In DIC is fibrinogen increased or decreased? - It will be decreased because they are being used up in
the initial clot formation.
What are the 3 types of distributive shock? - Anaphylaxis, septic and Neurogenic
What are the 4 types of shock? - Cardiogenic, Hypovolemic, Obstructive, Distributive
Who does obstructive shock affect more? - Pregnant woman from uterus pressure on thoracic cavity
What is the purpose of glucose stores in the liver - It is utilized in fight section of fight or flight to
boost energy.
When glucose is high what are some complications of to blood components? - the WBS/Neutrophils
are paralysed about 120 mg'dl
What is automaticity of the heart? - It the speed of the electricity in the heart
What does an increase of automaticity tend to cause? - Arrythmias
What do inflammatory mediators cause - systemic vasodilation to flood the area with RBS,WBS and
O2
What is the pulse pressure ? - Systolic minus diastolic
What is the systolic blood pressure? - The squeeze of teh ventricles
,What is the diastolic blood pressure? - the peripheal blood pressure or vascular resistance
What is sterlings law? - The further soomething streches the stronger the contraction
How do you calculate MAP? - diastolic x2 plus (+) systolic divided by 3
Why would not place an IO in a certain bone? - Fracture in bone or previous failed attempts in same
bone
What is the calculation for pediataric fluid bolus ? - 20 cc/kg
What do colloids do? - Bring large fluid in into the cell as they are plasma based molecules such as
albumin.
Why do you add blood in a trauam resusitation after fluids? - Fluids do not carry oxygen but RBCs do.
What are the other lab levels for DIC? - Plts dec
PT/PTT increased longer bleeding times clot factors used up
Fibronogen dec used to form clots
Ddimer increased its a clot degradation product
Hct/Hgb dec as the patient is bleeding
What is whole blood and how long is ot good for? - Whole blood contains all of the blood
compenents and must be used up quickly no additives to prevents clots from forming. Usually
bagged in 500cc bags
How much does each unit of PRBCs increase labs? - 1 g/l Hgb and 3% Hct
What is th unit size for an order of PRBCs? - 250 cc
One unit of platelets increase serum level by how much? - 5-10K you will be giving multiple units
, Where are most clotting factors located in blood? - Fresh Frozen Plasma
Each unit of FFP increases serum by hw much? - 7%
What are cryoprecipitates? - Respun FFP - WBC make be leukoreduced
What is the universal blood donor? - O - use O - in females or O+ in males
What s the universsal donor for fresh frozen plasma? - AB blood no antibodies
In large blood transfusions what electrolytes do you watch closely? - Potassion Hyper K+ (lysis),
Calcium HypoCa+ (10 plus units anti coag additives), acidosis from sitting o n shelf, Coag - giving
PBRCs without clotting factors
What is permissive hypotension? - Allowing the BP to be lower as to not blow a formed clot
What type of injury is permissive hypotension best for? - penetration not so much fro blunt, or head
injury. elderly or ped
What are some end points of resuscitation? - Lactate < 4mmol/l anarobic use for energy
Base deficiet < 4 (blood buffer) 4 means widespread hypoperfusion
Why are BP, mental status, and urine output not great indicators of end points for resuscitation? - BP
- non predictive of end tissure perfusion
Mental - drug etoh use prior
Urinary - Consider comorbids DM, CRF, lasix
Why are invasive hemodynamic monitors NOT best for end point resuscitation? - Risk of infection
What are the parametrs for base defieciet? - 4 wide spread hypoperfusin
6 severe injury
