NUR 631 2026 REVISION EXAM MUST PASS!! GRADED A+
QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Human Development Perspectives - lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, multidisciplinary,
contextual, plasticity, involves growth, maintenance and loss, and is constructed of biological,
environmental and individual factors.
Major forces that influence human development - genetics vs. heredity, environment, health beliefs,
parenting, education, family, socioeconomic status, sociocultural contexts/diversity, and social policy.
Underlying processes responsible for change in development - biological, cognitive, and
socioeconomic
3 main theoretical controversies - nature vs. nurture, continuity vs. stages, and stability vs. change.
chromosomes - long strings of genetic material
genotype - genetic makeup of the individual
phenotype - the inherited physical characteristics based on genotype and influenced by
environment.
autosomes - Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
prenatal screening - focuses on finding problems among a large population using affordable and non-
invasive methods. Can detect neural tube defects, anatomical defects, chromosomal abnormalities,
and gene mutations.
epigenetics - describes psychological development as the result of an ongoing, bi-directional,
interchange between heredity and environment
behavioral genetics - the science of how genes and environments work together to influence
behavior
, germination period (weeks 1-2) - Formation of zygote. Implants itself to the uterus. Mitosis occurs.
Genetic makeup and sex are determined.
embryomic period (weeks 3-8) - Placenta is formed. Heart starts beating. Organs begin to form and
function.
Fetal period (weeks 9-40) - Fetus has all body parts by week 12. Systems continue to develop.
Rudimentary neurons in brain are developed by week 24.
Teratogens - factors that can contribute to birth defects. Alcohol, nicotine, drugs, environmental
chemicals, STIs, maternal disease, and maternal stress.
pregnancy-related death - death of a person while pregnant or within 1 year of the end of pregnancy,
regardless of outcome, duration, or site of the pregnancy.
Premature birth - birth that occurs earlier than 37 weeks of gestation and can be triggered by
anything that disrupts the maternal system.
Evolutionary psychology - a study that focuses on how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive
processes have evolved over time.
Theory of Natural Selection (Darwin) - Theory that refers to the survival and reproduction of
organisms better suited for their environment over those poorly suited.
Normal birth weight - 5-9 pounds
Brain development of first 2 years - 8 week fetus to birth - 25% adult weight brain
birth to 2 years - 75% adult weight brain
Neural development of infant - most neurons are present at birth but not fully developed.
How much do newborns sleep? - 14-17 hours a day
Schemas (Piaget) - mental representations used to understand the world.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Human Development Perspectives - lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, multidisciplinary,
contextual, plasticity, involves growth, maintenance and loss, and is constructed of biological,
environmental and individual factors.
Major forces that influence human development - genetics vs. heredity, environment, health beliefs,
parenting, education, family, socioeconomic status, sociocultural contexts/diversity, and social policy.
Underlying processes responsible for change in development - biological, cognitive, and
socioeconomic
3 main theoretical controversies - nature vs. nurture, continuity vs. stages, and stability vs. change.
chromosomes - long strings of genetic material
genotype - genetic makeup of the individual
phenotype - the inherited physical characteristics based on genotype and influenced by
environment.
autosomes - Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
prenatal screening - focuses on finding problems among a large population using affordable and non-
invasive methods. Can detect neural tube defects, anatomical defects, chromosomal abnormalities,
and gene mutations.
epigenetics - describes psychological development as the result of an ongoing, bi-directional,
interchange between heredity and environment
behavioral genetics - the science of how genes and environments work together to influence
behavior
, germination period (weeks 1-2) - Formation of zygote. Implants itself to the uterus. Mitosis occurs.
Genetic makeup and sex are determined.
embryomic period (weeks 3-8) - Placenta is formed. Heart starts beating. Organs begin to form and
function.
Fetal period (weeks 9-40) - Fetus has all body parts by week 12. Systems continue to develop.
Rudimentary neurons in brain are developed by week 24.
Teratogens - factors that can contribute to birth defects. Alcohol, nicotine, drugs, environmental
chemicals, STIs, maternal disease, and maternal stress.
pregnancy-related death - death of a person while pregnant or within 1 year of the end of pregnancy,
regardless of outcome, duration, or site of the pregnancy.
Premature birth - birth that occurs earlier than 37 weeks of gestation and can be triggered by
anything that disrupts the maternal system.
Evolutionary psychology - a study that focuses on how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive
processes have evolved over time.
Theory of Natural Selection (Darwin) - Theory that refers to the survival and reproduction of
organisms better suited for their environment over those poorly suited.
Normal birth weight - 5-9 pounds
Brain development of first 2 years - 8 week fetus to birth - 25% adult weight brain
birth to 2 years - 75% adult weight brain
Neural development of infant - most neurons are present at birth but not fully developed.
How much do newborns sleep? - 14-17 hours a day
Schemas (Piaget) - mental representations used to understand the world.
