STCW BASIC TRAINING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
NEW UPDATE
What are some causes of galley fires? - Answer--open flames
-hot surfaces
-hot oil
-much activity
-rubbish
-grease
-energy sources
What are the conditions needed for a fire to occur? - Answer-fuel (material that acts as
a fuel)
sources of ignition (chemical, biological, or physical)
oxygen
What are the components of the fire tetrahedron? - Answer-heat, fuel, oxygen, chain
reaction
How do you stop a fire? - Answer-Remove any of the components of the fire
tetrahedron (i.e. remove fuel, oxygen, heat, or interrupt the chemical reaction)
Oxygen - Answer--21% ambient air
-robust flaming combustion down to 15-16%
-surface combustion (smoldering) down to about 11%
-loss of consciousness in atmospheres with 12% or less oxygen
What does PASS stand for? - Answer-Pull the pin, Aim low at the base of flames,
squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side
What are some some dangers of CO2? - Answer--cannot be used in confined spaces
as gas reduces the amount of oxygen in the area
What does the sprinkler system consist of? - Answer--a network of sprinkler heads
located at dedicated areas, which needs extra protection
-generally fixed in accommodation areas and machinery spaces
, Heat - Answer-anything that produces the required temperature for ignition
-sun
-open flame
-chemical reaction
-sparks
-friction
Fuel - Answer--only vapors burn
-liquids and solids must first be vaporized
-tendency of a substance to vaporize is an indication of its ability to burn
-liquids vaporize more readily than solids
Chain reaction - Answer--you can have oxygen, heat, and fuel in the same place and
still not have a fire
-fuel and oxygen relationship must be balanced (i.e. in the flammable range)
-heat must be sufficient to bring fuel to its ignition
What is a flash point (of a liquid)? - Answer--the lower temp that a liquid can give off
sufficient gas to form a flammable gas mixture near the surface of a liquid
-lowest temp at which we can have fire
-fire flashes across surface given sufficient oxygen and an external source of ignition
What is a Fire point? - Answer--just above the flash point, liquid gives off flammable
vapors rapidly enough to support continuous combustion
What is ignition temperature? - Answer--substance starts to burn
-heat from external heat source
-auto-ignitio, no external source of ignition needed
What is auto ignition? - Answer-vapor generated ignites without any outside ignition
source
What is vaporization? - Answer-rate increases with temperature
What is spontaneous combustion? - Answer-heat is generated by a chemical action
within a substance and this continues until you have ignition (usually begins with
oxidation and combines oxygen and gives off energy in the form of heat)
What is lower flammable limit? - Answer-the least concentration of flammable vapors in
air that will burn
What is upper flammable limit - Answer-the greatest concentration of flammable vapors
in the air that will burn
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
NEW UPDATE
What are some causes of galley fires? - Answer--open flames
-hot surfaces
-hot oil
-much activity
-rubbish
-grease
-energy sources
What are the conditions needed for a fire to occur? - Answer-fuel (material that acts as
a fuel)
sources of ignition (chemical, biological, or physical)
oxygen
What are the components of the fire tetrahedron? - Answer-heat, fuel, oxygen, chain
reaction
How do you stop a fire? - Answer-Remove any of the components of the fire
tetrahedron (i.e. remove fuel, oxygen, heat, or interrupt the chemical reaction)
Oxygen - Answer--21% ambient air
-robust flaming combustion down to 15-16%
-surface combustion (smoldering) down to about 11%
-loss of consciousness in atmospheres with 12% or less oxygen
What does PASS stand for? - Answer-Pull the pin, Aim low at the base of flames,
squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side
What are some some dangers of CO2? - Answer--cannot be used in confined spaces
as gas reduces the amount of oxygen in the area
What does the sprinkler system consist of? - Answer--a network of sprinkler heads
located at dedicated areas, which needs extra protection
-generally fixed in accommodation areas and machinery spaces
, Heat - Answer-anything that produces the required temperature for ignition
-sun
-open flame
-chemical reaction
-sparks
-friction
Fuel - Answer--only vapors burn
-liquids and solids must first be vaporized
-tendency of a substance to vaporize is an indication of its ability to burn
-liquids vaporize more readily than solids
Chain reaction - Answer--you can have oxygen, heat, and fuel in the same place and
still not have a fire
-fuel and oxygen relationship must be balanced (i.e. in the flammable range)
-heat must be sufficient to bring fuel to its ignition
What is a flash point (of a liquid)? - Answer--the lower temp that a liquid can give off
sufficient gas to form a flammable gas mixture near the surface of a liquid
-lowest temp at which we can have fire
-fire flashes across surface given sufficient oxygen and an external source of ignition
What is a Fire point? - Answer--just above the flash point, liquid gives off flammable
vapors rapidly enough to support continuous combustion
What is ignition temperature? - Answer--substance starts to burn
-heat from external heat source
-auto-ignitio, no external source of ignition needed
What is auto ignition? - Answer-vapor generated ignites without any outside ignition
source
What is vaporization? - Answer-rate increases with temperature
What is spontaneous combustion? - Answer-heat is generated by a chemical action
within a substance and this continues until you have ignition (usually begins with
oxidation and combines oxygen and gives off energy in the form of heat)
What is lower flammable limit? - Answer-the least concentration of flammable vapors in
air that will burn
What is upper flammable limit - Answer-the greatest concentration of flammable vapors
in the air that will burn
