Geography Class 12th summary Secondary Activities in geography.

Here is a detailed summary of Secondary Activities in
geography:

Introduction to Secondary Activities

Secondary activities involve the processing and
transformation of raw materials obtained from primary
activities into finished goods or intermediate products.
These activities form the manufacturing and industrial
sector of the economy and are essential for economic
development and urbanization.

Characteristics of Secondary Activities

1. Transformation of Resources:

Convert raw materials (from primary activities) into
usable products.

Example: Cotton to textiles, iron ore to steel.

2. Capital-Intensive:

, Require significant investment in machinery, technology,
and infrastructure.

3. Skilled Labor:

Depend on a skilled workforce for production,
management, and innovation.

4. Location-Specific:

Industries often develop near raw materials, markets,
transportation hubs, or energy sources.

5. Contribution to Economy:

Key driver of industrialization and GDP growth.

Leads to job creation, export earnings, and urbanization.

Types of Secondary Activities

Secondary activities can be broadly categorized into
manufacturing and construction:

1. Manufacturing

Involves processing raw materials into finished or semi-
finished goods.