NCLEX REVIEW MED SURG EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Increases blood pressure and cardiac
output. Norepinephrine is a sympath-
omimetic vasopressor that elevates the
Which mechanism of action does norepi- blood pressure and cardiac output in
nephrine promote to manage anaphylax- clients with hypotension from anaphylax-
is? is by stimulating alpha- and beta-adren-
ergic receptors.
Blocks the effects of histamine
Inhibits mast cell degranulation Diphenhydramine blocks the effects of
Increases blood pressure and cardiac histamine on various organs.
output Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone
Stimulates muscarinic and nicotinic re- prevent mast cell degranulation.
ceptors Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as
neostigmine stimulate the muscarinic
and nicotinic receptors for the reversal of
neuromuscular blockade agents
Artificial active immunity is acquired
through immunization with live or killed
Which type of immunity will clients ac- vaccines.
quire through immunizations with live or
killed vaccines? Natural active immunity is acquired when
there is natural contact with antigens
Natural active immunity through a clinical infection. Natural pas-
Artificial active immunity sive immunity is acquired through the
Natural passive immunity transfer of colostrums from mother to
Artificial passive immunity child. Artificial passive immunity is ac-
quired by injecting serum from an im-
mune human.
During a first aid class, a student asks A patent airway is most vital; if the person
what should be done if a person's clothes is not breathing, cardiopulmonary resus-
catch on fire. The nurse explains that af- citation (CPR) should be instituted.
ter the flames are extinguished it is most The person should be kept NPO be-
important to perform this action. Which cause large burns decrease intestinal
action did the nurse describe? peristalsis and the person may vomit and
aspirate.
Give the person sips of water. Covering the person with a warm blanket
Assess the person's breathing. is not done; rather a light blanket or sheet
Cover the person with a warm blanket. can be used.
1/5
, NCLEX REVIEW MED SURG EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Calculating the extent of the person's
Calculate the extent of the person's
burns is not the priority; this assessment
burns
is done after transfer to a medical facility.
The clinical findings of a client with dia-
Decreased glucose tolerance may cause
betes mellitus show decreased glucose
frequent yeast infections, but it is not as-
tolerance. Which complication is antici-
sociated with the risk of cystitis, thin and
pated in the client?
dry skin, and decreased bone density.
Cystitis
The risk of cystitis, thin and dry skin, and
Thin and dry skin
decreased bone density are due to de-
Decreased bone density
creased ovarian production of estrogen.
Frequent yeast infections
Pain relief is the priority. Clients re-
A client is admitted to the hospital from port that ureteral colic is excruciatingly
the emergency department with a diag- painful. Once pain is under control and
nosis of urolithiasis. The nurse reviews the client is comfortable, other medical
the client's clinical record and performs and nursing interventions can be imple-
an admission assessment. Which is the mented.
priority nursing action? Although straining all urine is required,
pain relief is the priority. Once the client
Strain the client's urine. is medicated for pain, the urine that was
Place the client in the high-Fowler posi- set aside can be strained.
tion. The high-Fowler position is not neces-
Administer the prescribed morphine. sary. The client can be assisted to as-
Collect a urine specimen for culture and sume a position of comfort.
sensitivity The urine was sent for a culture and sen-
sitivity in the emergency department.
Decreased sounds
A client with emphysema is admitted
to the hospital with pneumonia. On the Because the affected lung will not ex-
third hospital day, the client complains pand, aeration of the lung is not com-
of a sharp pain on the right side of the plete, and breath sounds are diminished.
chest. The nurse suspects a pneumoth- Crackling sounds occur with pulmonary
orax. What breath sound is most likely to edema, not with a pneumothorax; with
be present when the nurse assesses the a pneumothorax there is no air in the
client's right side? alveoli to produce crackles. Wheezing
Crackling sounds occur with asthma, not with a
Wheezing pneumothorax. "Adventitious sounds" is
a broad term that includes all abnormal
2/5
Increases blood pressure and cardiac
output. Norepinephrine is a sympath-
omimetic vasopressor that elevates the
Which mechanism of action does norepi- blood pressure and cardiac output in
nephrine promote to manage anaphylax- clients with hypotension from anaphylax-
is? is by stimulating alpha- and beta-adren-
ergic receptors.
Blocks the effects of histamine
Inhibits mast cell degranulation Diphenhydramine blocks the effects of
Increases blood pressure and cardiac histamine on various organs.
output Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone
Stimulates muscarinic and nicotinic re- prevent mast cell degranulation.
ceptors Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as
neostigmine stimulate the muscarinic
and nicotinic receptors for the reversal of
neuromuscular blockade agents
Artificial active immunity is acquired
through immunization with live or killed
Which type of immunity will clients ac- vaccines.
quire through immunizations with live or
killed vaccines? Natural active immunity is acquired when
there is natural contact with antigens
Natural active immunity through a clinical infection. Natural pas-
Artificial active immunity sive immunity is acquired through the
Natural passive immunity transfer of colostrums from mother to
Artificial passive immunity child. Artificial passive immunity is ac-
quired by injecting serum from an im-
mune human.
During a first aid class, a student asks A patent airway is most vital; if the person
what should be done if a person's clothes is not breathing, cardiopulmonary resus-
catch on fire. The nurse explains that af- citation (CPR) should be instituted.
ter the flames are extinguished it is most The person should be kept NPO be-
important to perform this action. Which cause large burns decrease intestinal
action did the nurse describe? peristalsis and the person may vomit and
aspirate.
Give the person sips of water. Covering the person with a warm blanket
Assess the person's breathing. is not done; rather a light blanket or sheet
Cover the person with a warm blanket. can be used.
1/5
, NCLEX REVIEW MED SURG EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Calculating the extent of the person's
Calculate the extent of the person's
burns is not the priority; this assessment
burns
is done after transfer to a medical facility.
The clinical findings of a client with dia-
Decreased glucose tolerance may cause
betes mellitus show decreased glucose
frequent yeast infections, but it is not as-
tolerance. Which complication is antici-
sociated with the risk of cystitis, thin and
pated in the client?
dry skin, and decreased bone density.
Cystitis
The risk of cystitis, thin and dry skin, and
Thin and dry skin
decreased bone density are due to de-
Decreased bone density
creased ovarian production of estrogen.
Frequent yeast infections
Pain relief is the priority. Clients re-
A client is admitted to the hospital from port that ureteral colic is excruciatingly
the emergency department with a diag- painful. Once pain is under control and
nosis of urolithiasis. The nurse reviews the client is comfortable, other medical
the client's clinical record and performs and nursing interventions can be imple-
an admission assessment. Which is the mented.
priority nursing action? Although straining all urine is required,
pain relief is the priority. Once the client
Strain the client's urine. is medicated for pain, the urine that was
Place the client in the high-Fowler posi- set aside can be strained.
tion. The high-Fowler position is not neces-
Administer the prescribed morphine. sary. The client can be assisted to as-
Collect a urine specimen for culture and sume a position of comfort.
sensitivity The urine was sent for a culture and sen-
sitivity in the emergency department.
Decreased sounds
A client with emphysema is admitted
to the hospital with pneumonia. On the Because the affected lung will not ex-
third hospital day, the client complains pand, aeration of the lung is not com-
of a sharp pain on the right side of the plete, and breath sounds are diminished.
chest. The nurse suspects a pneumoth- Crackling sounds occur with pulmonary
orax. What breath sound is most likely to edema, not with a pneumothorax; with
be present when the nurse assesses the a pneumothorax there is no air in the
client's right side? alveoli to produce crackles. Wheezing
Crackling sounds occur with asthma, not with a
Wheezing pneumothorax. "Adventitious sounds" is
a broad term that includes all abnormal
2/5
