UF FOS2001 Exam 2 - Questions With Trusted Solutions
Lipid chemical composition Right Ans - carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Cholesterol Right Ans - -Structural lipid found in animal fat
-Cheese, egg yolk, beef, pork, poultry, fish
What organ makes most of the cholesterol our body contains? Right Ans -
Liver
Types of lipids: Right Ans - -Pigments
-Terpenes
-Waxes
-Sterols (Cholesterol)
-Phospholipids
-Triglycerides
Lipids characteristics: Right Ans - -Soluble in organic solvents
-Associated with flavor
-Oxidizes naturally when exposed to air
-Excellent heat transfer
-Hydrophobic (does NOT mix with water)
-High calorie
-Energy storage for plants and animals
What are used to prevent lipid oxidation? Right Ans - Antioxidants
Double bonds Right Ans - make the lipid a more liquid oil
Partial hydrogenation Right Ans - makes a more solid fat
Triglycerides Right Ans - -primary form of lipid found in food and in the
body
-Chemically composed of a three-carbon compound called glycerol in which
fatty acids are bonded to each of the carbons
,Phospholipids Right Ans - Chemically have a three-carbon glycerol
backbone; the first two carbons of the glycerol molecule have fatty acids
bound to them, and the third carbon has a phosphate group bonded to it
Lipoproteins Right Ans - Molecules in the blood that help transport
cholesterol and fatty acids to tissues
Oxidation of lipids Right Ans - -Oxidation of fats, such as those in food
products, results in rancidity
-Tocopherols are often added to products to prevent oxidation of oils and to
extend their shelf life (consuming these products can increase your vitamin E
intake)
Nonessential amino acids Right Ans - body makes them by reusing the
nitrogen groups of essential amino acids and from proteins that have been
broken down (process is called transamination)
Conditionally essential amino acids Right Ans - nonessential amino acids
that cannot be made by the body in the quantities needed
Albumin Right Ans - protein in the blood that helps keep balance between
fluids inside and outside cells and blood vessels, prevents swelling.
What can produce enzymes and juices in our digestive tract? Right Ans -
Aroma of food and sight of food
Pharynx Right Ans - Swallows chewed food mixed w saliva
Gastroesophageal sphincter Right Ans - -ring of muscles between
esophagus and stomach; can cause heartburn or vomiting if it doesn't work
properly
-happens to pregnant women often
Pyloric Sphincter Right Ans - between stomach and small intestine;
regulates how quickly food leaves our stomach and moves into small intestine
Inside the cell Right Ans - -Cytosol
, -Mitochondrion
-All macronutrients are used for production of citric acid cycle
-then they can be pushed into the electric transport chain
-When exiting the electric transport chain, then they can convert ADP to ATP
Cytosol Right Ans - -produces little energy
-produced with glucose and only if there is enough oxygen in the cell
Mitochondrion Right Ans - amino acids, fatty acids and glucose can be
converted to acetyl-CoA if there is enough oxygen in cell and mitochondria
Carbohydrate digestion and absorption inside the cell Right Ans - glucose
End product of protein digestion and absorption inside the cell Right Ans -
Amino acids
Fatty acids Right Ans - End product of fat digestion and absorption inside
the cell
Fad diets Right Ans - -Results in temporary weight loss
-Carb restriction/increases protein intake
-Multibillion dollar industry but 95% fail to achieve results
-Should focus on balanced diets and life style changes
Iron Right Ans - -Most important micromineral
-Helps deliver oxygen to tissues and cells
-Vitamin C can enhance absorption from non-meat sources in the liver
-if deficiency occurs, it can lead to anemia.
Food sources of Iron Right Ans - Meats, poultry, fish, beans, dark leafy
greens, dried fruits.
Lipid chemical composition Right Ans - carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Cholesterol Right Ans - -Structural lipid found in animal fat
-Cheese, egg yolk, beef, pork, poultry, fish
What organ makes most of the cholesterol our body contains? Right Ans -
Liver
Types of lipids: Right Ans - -Pigments
-Terpenes
-Waxes
-Sterols (Cholesterol)
-Phospholipids
-Triglycerides
Lipids characteristics: Right Ans - -Soluble in organic solvents
-Associated with flavor
-Oxidizes naturally when exposed to air
-Excellent heat transfer
-Hydrophobic (does NOT mix with water)
-High calorie
-Energy storage for plants and animals
What are used to prevent lipid oxidation? Right Ans - Antioxidants
Double bonds Right Ans - make the lipid a more liquid oil
Partial hydrogenation Right Ans - makes a more solid fat
Triglycerides Right Ans - -primary form of lipid found in food and in the
body
-Chemically composed of a three-carbon compound called glycerol in which
fatty acids are bonded to each of the carbons
,Phospholipids Right Ans - Chemically have a three-carbon glycerol
backbone; the first two carbons of the glycerol molecule have fatty acids
bound to them, and the third carbon has a phosphate group bonded to it
Lipoproteins Right Ans - Molecules in the blood that help transport
cholesterol and fatty acids to tissues
Oxidation of lipids Right Ans - -Oxidation of fats, such as those in food
products, results in rancidity
-Tocopherols are often added to products to prevent oxidation of oils and to
extend their shelf life (consuming these products can increase your vitamin E
intake)
Nonessential amino acids Right Ans - body makes them by reusing the
nitrogen groups of essential amino acids and from proteins that have been
broken down (process is called transamination)
Conditionally essential amino acids Right Ans - nonessential amino acids
that cannot be made by the body in the quantities needed
Albumin Right Ans - protein in the blood that helps keep balance between
fluids inside and outside cells and blood vessels, prevents swelling.
What can produce enzymes and juices in our digestive tract? Right Ans -
Aroma of food and sight of food
Pharynx Right Ans - Swallows chewed food mixed w saliva
Gastroesophageal sphincter Right Ans - -ring of muscles between
esophagus and stomach; can cause heartburn or vomiting if it doesn't work
properly
-happens to pregnant women often
Pyloric Sphincter Right Ans - between stomach and small intestine;
regulates how quickly food leaves our stomach and moves into small intestine
Inside the cell Right Ans - -Cytosol
, -Mitochondrion
-All macronutrients are used for production of citric acid cycle
-then they can be pushed into the electric transport chain
-When exiting the electric transport chain, then they can convert ADP to ATP
Cytosol Right Ans - -produces little energy
-produced with glucose and only if there is enough oxygen in the cell
Mitochondrion Right Ans - amino acids, fatty acids and glucose can be
converted to acetyl-CoA if there is enough oxygen in cell and mitochondria
Carbohydrate digestion and absorption inside the cell Right Ans - glucose
End product of protein digestion and absorption inside the cell Right Ans -
Amino acids
Fatty acids Right Ans - End product of fat digestion and absorption inside
the cell
Fad diets Right Ans - -Results in temporary weight loss
-Carb restriction/increases protein intake
-Multibillion dollar industry but 95% fail to achieve results
-Should focus on balanced diets and life style changes
Iron Right Ans - -Most important micromineral
-Helps deliver oxygen to tissues and cells
-Vitamin C can enhance absorption from non-meat sources in the liver
-if deficiency occurs, it can lead to anemia.
Food sources of Iron Right Ans - Meats, poultry, fish, beans, dark leafy
greens, dried fruits.
