Systems
ATI Comprehensive Review / Full study
Guide / 340+ Q&A / 2025/2026.
QUESTION ANSWER
Semi fowlers HOB raised 30 degrees. For feedings
Fowlers HOB raised 45 degrees.
High fowlers HOB raised 90 degrees
Lying on back. Head and shoulders slightly elevated
Supine
with pillow
Lying on abdomen with legs extended an head
Prone
turned to side
lying on side with most of body weight on lateral
Lateral (side lying) aspect of ilium. For unconcious patients and seizure
patients.
Lyong on left side with most of body weight on
Sims (semi-prone)
anterior ilium (enemas)
Lying on back with hips andknees flexed at right
Lithotomy angles and feet in stirrups (vaginal and rectal
procedures)
trendelenburg HOB lowered while feet raised
modified trendelenburg supine with legs elevated (shock)
Reverse trendelenburg HOB raised and feet lowered
fit is 2-3 fingers width btwn axilla and top of crutch.
crutches
Hands on crutches pads with elbows flexed
, one crutch, one foot, another crutch and another
four point gait
foot
non weightbearing. both cruthces, then unaffected
three point
foot
one foot and one crutch simultaneously and
two point.
alternating foot and crutch simultaneously.
hold crutches in hand and other hand holds rail.
walking up stairs Good leg goes up first then bad leg follows with
crutch.
bad leg and crutch go down together then good leg
Waling down stairs
follows
Cane used on the good side to support the bad side
Walker advance it 12 inches foreward.
medical asepsis clean technique
surgical asepsis sterile technique
tier one Standard precautions
tier two transmission based precautions.
primary prevention promoting health and preventing disease
Early ID, providing treatment, conducting activities
secondary prevention
geared to prevent a worsening health status
preventing long term consequences of chronic
tertiary prevention illness or disability and supporting optimal
functionoing.
colonoscopy starting at age 50 and every 10 years.
colorectal screening Sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, CT colonography
every 5 years.
Pap test every 3 years starting at age 21
Clinical breast exam Every 3 years starting at age 20. annually starting at
, age 40
Mammogram annually starting at 40
Dental assessment every 6 months
diarrhea causes what imbalance acidosis. Waist downs= "ASS"
vomitting causes whwat imbalance alkalosis. Waist up= "Agh"
What percentage of total body weight in an
50-60%
adult is water?
What percentage of total body weight in an
75-80%
infant is water?
how much of body fluid is intracellular two thirds
how much of blody fluid is extracellular one third
weight loss, dry mucus membranes. Increased heart
rate and respirations, thready pulse, cap refill <3s.
early signs of dehydration
Weakness, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, poor
skin turgor
Late signs of dehydration oliguria, decreased CVP, flattended neck veins
oral rehydration unless severely dehydrated in
treatment for dehydration
which case IV fluids would be essential.
serum potassium levels (intracellular) 3.5-5.0
serum phosphorus levels (intracellular) 3.0-4.5
serum magnesium levels (intracellular) 1.3-2.1
serum sodium levels (extracellular) 136-145
serum calcium levels (extracellular) 0.9-10.5
serum chloride (extracellular) 98-106
bicarb level (extracellular) 21-28
ATI Comprehensive Review / Full study
Guide / 340+ Q&A / 2025/2026.
QUESTION ANSWER
Semi fowlers HOB raised 30 degrees. For feedings
Fowlers HOB raised 45 degrees.
High fowlers HOB raised 90 degrees
Lying on back. Head and shoulders slightly elevated
Supine
with pillow
Lying on abdomen with legs extended an head
Prone
turned to side
lying on side with most of body weight on lateral
Lateral (side lying) aspect of ilium. For unconcious patients and seizure
patients.
Lyong on left side with most of body weight on
Sims (semi-prone)
anterior ilium (enemas)
Lying on back with hips andknees flexed at right
Lithotomy angles and feet in stirrups (vaginal and rectal
procedures)
trendelenburg HOB lowered while feet raised
modified trendelenburg supine with legs elevated (shock)
Reverse trendelenburg HOB raised and feet lowered
fit is 2-3 fingers width btwn axilla and top of crutch.
crutches
Hands on crutches pads with elbows flexed
, one crutch, one foot, another crutch and another
four point gait
foot
non weightbearing. both cruthces, then unaffected
three point
foot
one foot and one crutch simultaneously and
two point.
alternating foot and crutch simultaneously.
hold crutches in hand and other hand holds rail.
walking up stairs Good leg goes up first then bad leg follows with
crutch.
bad leg and crutch go down together then good leg
Waling down stairs
follows
Cane used on the good side to support the bad side
Walker advance it 12 inches foreward.
medical asepsis clean technique
surgical asepsis sterile technique
tier one Standard precautions
tier two transmission based precautions.
primary prevention promoting health and preventing disease
Early ID, providing treatment, conducting activities
secondary prevention
geared to prevent a worsening health status
preventing long term consequences of chronic
tertiary prevention illness or disability and supporting optimal
functionoing.
colonoscopy starting at age 50 and every 10 years.
colorectal screening Sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, CT colonography
every 5 years.
Pap test every 3 years starting at age 21
Clinical breast exam Every 3 years starting at age 20. annually starting at
, age 40
Mammogram annually starting at 40
Dental assessment every 6 months
diarrhea causes what imbalance acidosis. Waist downs= "ASS"
vomitting causes whwat imbalance alkalosis. Waist up= "Agh"
What percentage of total body weight in an
50-60%
adult is water?
What percentage of total body weight in an
75-80%
infant is water?
how much of body fluid is intracellular two thirds
how much of blody fluid is extracellular one third
weight loss, dry mucus membranes. Increased heart
rate and respirations, thready pulse, cap refill <3s.
early signs of dehydration
Weakness, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, poor
skin turgor
Late signs of dehydration oliguria, decreased CVP, flattended neck veins
oral rehydration unless severely dehydrated in
treatment for dehydration
which case IV fluids would be essential.
serum potassium levels (intracellular) 3.5-5.0
serum phosphorus levels (intracellular) 3.0-4.5
serum magnesium levels (intracellular) 1.3-2.1
serum sodium levels (extracellular) 136-145
serum calcium levels (extracellular) 0.9-10.5
serum chloride (extracellular) 98-106
bicarb level (extracellular) 21-28
