Visceral Physiology Exam 1 Review
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Urea - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of amino-acid metabolism and results in BUN
Renal Dysfunction
Lactate - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of anaerobic glycolysis and results in
Physiological Acidosis
Urate - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of purine metabolism resulting in Gouty
Arthritis (AKA Uric Acid)
Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER - Metabolite of creatine and results in Renal
Dysfunction
Bilirubin - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of hemoglobin metabolism and results in
Jaundice and Mental Retardation in neonates
Bile Salts - CORRECT ANSWER - If found in plasma, indicates cholestasis
Normal Blood Glucose Level - CORRECT ANSWER - 80-120 mg/dL
What electrolyte is responsible for hyperpolarization within the cell membrane? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chloride
What are the cations of the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sodium and calcium
What are the anions of the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bicarbonate and Chloride
, What are the cations of the ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Potassium and Magnesium
What are the anions of the ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Phosphate and intracellular
proteins
Where is aldosterone secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWER - Zona glomerulosa of
adrenal cortex
What is the most important inorganic buffer in the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Bicarbonate
A decrease in plasma concentration indicates what? - CORRECT ANSWER - Metabolic
acidosis
What is the concentration of potassium ions within the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER -
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What symptoms does hypokalemia cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - Muscle cramps,
electrolyte loss during exercise, and overuse of loop diuretic
What does hyperkalemia cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents cell membrane
repolarization
What hormone prevents hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - Aldosterone
What are calcium ions needed for? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. NT release
2. Blood clotting
3. Cardiac contractions
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Urea - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of amino-acid metabolism and results in BUN
Renal Dysfunction
Lactate - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of anaerobic glycolysis and results in
Physiological Acidosis
Urate - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of purine metabolism resulting in Gouty
Arthritis (AKA Uric Acid)
Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER - Metabolite of creatine and results in Renal
Dysfunction
Bilirubin - CORRECT ANSWER - End product of hemoglobin metabolism and results in
Jaundice and Mental Retardation in neonates
Bile Salts - CORRECT ANSWER - If found in plasma, indicates cholestasis
Normal Blood Glucose Level - CORRECT ANSWER - 80-120 mg/dL
What electrolyte is responsible for hyperpolarization within the cell membrane? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chloride
What are the cations of the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sodium and calcium
What are the anions of the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bicarbonate and Chloride
, What are the cations of the ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Potassium and Magnesium
What are the anions of the ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER - Phosphate and intracellular
proteins
Where is aldosterone secreted from? - CORRECT ANSWER - Zona glomerulosa of
adrenal cortex
What is the most important inorganic buffer in the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Bicarbonate
A decrease in plasma concentration indicates what? - CORRECT ANSWER - Metabolic
acidosis
What is the concentration of potassium ions within the ECF? - CORRECT ANSWER -
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What symptoms does hypokalemia cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - Muscle cramps,
electrolyte loss during exercise, and overuse of loop diuretic
What does hyperkalemia cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents cell membrane
repolarization
What hormone prevents hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - Aldosterone
What are calcium ions needed for? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. NT release
2. Blood clotting
3. Cardiac contractions
