NREMT Paramedic Exam with Complete Solutions

NREMT Paramedic Exam with Complete Solutions 3 major changes during birth - Answer-1. emptying fluids from lungs and begin ventilating 2. changing their circulatory pattern 3. maintaining body temp 5 steps to care for newborns - Answer-1. provide warmth 2. clear airway 3. stabilize airway 4. provide tactile stimulation to breathe 5. further evaluate infant Meconium Staining - Answer-Presence of fetal stool in amniotic fluid slight yellow, mild green, "pea soup" Neonate - Answer-first 28 days of life Infant - Answer-2-12 months Toddler - Answer-1-3 years Preschooler - Answer-3-5 years School Age - Answer-6-12 years Adolescent - Answer-13-18 years Croup (laryngotracheo bronchitis) - Answer-viral infection of upper airway occurs late fall/winter, history of recent respiratory infection with low fever, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor, barking cough treatment: airway maintenance, cool mist, humidified, nebulized O2, racemic epinephrine Epiglottitis - Answer-inflammation of epiglottis caused by bacterial infection of upper airway goes to bed fine, wakes up with sore throat and painful swallowing, fever, muffled voice, drooling, inspiratory stridor with rattle Asthma - Answer-chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that may cause recurrent wheezing, breathless, chest tightness and cough Bronchiolitis - Answer-manifests with tachypnea and wheezing viral infection of lower airway Pneumonia - Answer-acute infection of lower airway that involves alveolar walls of alveoli lowered breath sounds in affected area, fever, pain in chest, rales in area, rhonchi, tachypnea Meningitis - Answer-inflammation of the fluid containing membranes around the brain and spinal cord Brudzinski's sign Kernig's sign rash Epistaxis - Answer-bleeding from the nose Chemical Name - Answer-exact description describes the chemical composition of the drug also describes molecular structure Trade Name - Answer-brand or property name trademark name designated by the drug company that sells the medication proper nouns first, letter capitalized Sepsis - Answer-body temp of 100.4 degrees or 96.8 degrees profuse sweating, nausea, vomit, diarrhea, abdominal pain, tachycardia, hypotension, elevated white blood cell count, altered mental status Pulmonary Embolism - Answer-sudden onset chest pain, shortness of breath, tachycardia, hypotension Cheyne-Stokes Respirations - Answer-regular, periodic pattern of breathing with equal intervals of apnea with crescendo-decrescendo sequence represent cortical dysfunction of brain some in sleep Eupnea - Answer-Normal breathing Kussmaul Respirations - Answer-Abnormally deep, very rapid sighing respiratory pattern characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis or metabolic acidosis Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale - Answer-facial droop, arm drift, speech Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen - Answer-asymmetry in facial smile, grip, arm strength Glucagon - Answer-opposite of insulin, raised blood glucose, one is the breakdown of liver glycogen, generation of glucose Hypoglycemia - Answer-nervousness, trembling, irritability, combative behavior, weakness and in-coordination, confusion, appearance of intoxication, weak rapid pulse, cold clammy skin, drowsiness, seizures, coma, cardiac arrest Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - Answer-diffuse lower abdominal pain, low grade fever, vaginal discharge, dyspareunia (painful sex) Bartholin's Abscess - Answer-accumulation of pus that forms a lump swelling and inflammation, visible lump on one side of the vaginal opening. Activity cases severe pain Coelenterates (Jellyfish, Sea Anemones, Fire Coral) Stings - Answer-Remove visible tentacle fragments with forceps, immediately wash with vinegar or baking soda, instruct pt to take hot shower or submerge in hot water, administer analgesics Echinoderms (Sea Urchins, Starfish, Sea Cucumbers) - Answer-care for puncture wounds, remove spines with forceps (wear protective gloves), submerge in hot water Stingrays - Answer-care directed at life support, alleviation of pain, inactivation of venom, prevention of infection; irrigate with saline, venom apparatus removed, immersed in hot water Pre-incident Phase - Answer-prevention of intentional and unintentional trauma deaths Incident Phase - Answer-the trauma event Post-incident Phase - Answer-delivery of emergency care to patients Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient - Answer-Task Force of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Committee on Trauma (III Trauma Center) Newton's First Law of Motion - Answer-object in rest or motion will remain so until acted upon by an outside force Conservation of Energy Law - Answer-energy cannot be created or destroyed, on can change form Kinetic Energy - Answer-Kinetic Energy = 1/2 mass x velocity^2 Biot Pattern - Answer-respiratory pattern involving irregular respirations varying in depth and interrupted by intervals of apnea usually seen in pts with ICP frequently produces ventilatory failure and lead to apnea Generic Name - Answer-Non-proprietary name, abbreviated form of chemical name Kernig's Sign - Answer-inability to straighten the lower legs when the thigh is flexed on the abdomen