NSG 2050 Quizlet 2025 Questions with Correct
Solutions | Latest
Respiratory anatomy includes
Nose, oropharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles 2 lungs, 5 lobes, alveoli,
capillary bed (respiratory tract)
Respiratory diseases can happen anywhere from ____ to ______
nose; alveoli
the _____ mainstem bronchus is more direct to the right middle lobe
right
if a disease is in the right middle lobe, then the right bronchus aspirates and goes right
into the middle lobe. This is known as:
aspirate pneumonia
Ventilation is
the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs
what muscles are involved in ventilation?
diaphragm, scalene, abdominal, sternocleidomastoid, and intercostal muscles
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
respiration is regulated by
the medulla
what implications are involved in brain stem trauma?
,difficulty regulating respirations
Describe the process of how we breathe
chemoreceptors in the medulla, aortic, and carotids sense the increase in CO2 and we
breathe in response
what type of drive causes us to breathe?
hypercarbic
what happens when there is too much CO2?
you breathe more to compensate
describe the process of COPD
the air is trapped in their body so their breathing is altered. They learn to function with
50% oxygen and 50% CO2. They do not breathe with a hypercarbic drive. also, their
chemoreceptors do not respond to high CO2 but they respond to low O2.
why type of oxygen flow is given to a patient with COPD?
low oxygen NOT high b/c they are 50/50 breathers
Perfusion
flow of blood to alveolar capillaries that transports oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
does perfusion or diffusion occur first?
perfusion is first and diffusion is next
Diffusion
process for the exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli of the lungs and the
capillaries of the body tissue
,Where does diffusion occur?
alveolar-capillary membrane
what affects diffusion?
the thickness of the alveolar capillary membrane
pulmonary edema thickens the membrane and what happens as a result?
diffusion is slowed down which decreases the gas exchange and the amount of oxygen
to tissues
what happens to diffusion if alveoli is filled with liquid?
gas exchange is altered due to surface area being altered
Bradycardia affects
perfusion
Elevated cholesterol affects
perfusion
smoking affects
ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion
pneumonia affects
ventilation and diffusion
narcotic (CNS depressant) medications affect
ventilation
valvular heart disease affects
perfusion
, anemia affects
diffusion and perfusion
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Inspection
-thoracic breather
-AP 1:2 diameter
-lung expansion is equal
-rate
-depth
-rhythm
-unlabored breathing
-no accessory muscles
-RR
-skin color
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Palpation
-expansion equal
-no tenderness or masses
-trachea midline
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Percussion
resonance throughout
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Auscultation
Patient is CTA
Respiratory Assessment Abnormals for Inspection
Solutions | Latest
Respiratory anatomy includes
Nose, oropharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles 2 lungs, 5 lobes, alveoli,
capillary bed (respiratory tract)
Respiratory diseases can happen anywhere from ____ to ______
nose; alveoli
the _____ mainstem bronchus is more direct to the right middle lobe
right
if a disease is in the right middle lobe, then the right bronchus aspirates and goes right
into the middle lobe. This is known as:
aspirate pneumonia
Ventilation is
the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs
what muscles are involved in ventilation?
diaphragm, scalene, abdominal, sternocleidomastoid, and intercostal muscles
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
respiration is regulated by
the medulla
what implications are involved in brain stem trauma?
,difficulty regulating respirations
Describe the process of how we breathe
chemoreceptors in the medulla, aortic, and carotids sense the increase in CO2 and we
breathe in response
what type of drive causes us to breathe?
hypercarbic
what happens when there is too much CO2?
you breathe more to compensate
describe the process of COPD
the air is trapped in their body so their breathing is altered. They learn to function with
50% oxygen and 50% CO2. They do not breathe with a hypercarbic drive. also, their
chemoreceptors do not respond to high CO2 but they respond to low O2.
why type of oxygen flow is given to a patient with COPD?
low oxygen NOT high b/c they are 50/50 breathers
Perfusion
flow of blood to alveolar capillaries that transports oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
does perfusion or diffusion occur first?
perfusion is first and diffusion is next
Diffusion
process for the exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli of the lungs and the
capillaries of the body tissue
,Where does diffusion occur?
alveolar-capillary membrane
what affects diffusion?
the thickness of the alveolar capillary membrane
pulmonary edema thickens the membrane and what happens as a result?
diffusion is slowed down which decreases the gas exchange and the amount of oxygen
to tissues
what happens to diffusion if alveoli is filled with liquid?
gas exchange is altered due to surface area being altered
Bradycardia affects
perfusion
Elevated cholesterol affects
perfusion
smoking affects
ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion
pneumonia affects
ventilation and diffusion
narcotic (CNS depressant) medications affect
ventilation
valvular heart disease affects
perfusion
, anemia affects
diffusion and perfusion
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Inspection
-thoracic breather
-AP 1:2 diameter
-lung expansion is equal
-rate
-depth
-rhythm
-unlabored breathing
-no accessory muscles
-RR
-skin color
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Palpation
-expansion equal
-no tenderness or masses
-trachea midline
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Percussion
resonance throughout
Respiratory Assessment Normals for Auscultation
Patient is CTA
Respiratory Assessment Abnormals for Inspection
