TESTBANK jl
NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
jl jl jl
ATORY CARE jl
5th Edition, Walsh
j l
jl
TESTBANK jl
,Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition, Brian K. Walsh Test Bank
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Table of Contents
jl jl
Chapter 1. Fetal Lung Development
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 2. Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation
jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 3. Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery
jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 4. Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 5. Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 6. Radiographic Assessment
jl jl jl
Chapter 7. Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 8. Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 9. Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 10. Oxygen Administration
jl jl jl
Chapter 11. Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 12. Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 13. Airway Management
jl jl jl
Chapter 14. Surfactant Replacement Therapy
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 15. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 16. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 17. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 18. Administration of Gas Mixtures
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 20. Pharmacology
jl jl
Chapter 21. Thoracic Organ Transplantation
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 22. Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 23. Surgical Disorders in Childhood that Affect Respiratory Care
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 24. Congenital Cardiac Defects
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 25. Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 26. Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 27. Asthma
jl jl
Chapter 28. Cystic Fibrosis
jl jl jl
Chapter 29. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 30. Shock
jl jl
Chapter 31. Pediatric Trauma
jl jl jl
Chapter 32. Disorders of the Pleura
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 33. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 34. Pediatric Emergencies
jl jl jl
Chapter 35. Home Care of the Postpartum Family
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 36. Quality and Safety
jl jl jl jl
,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
Walsh: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)
MULTIPLE CHOICE jl
1. Which of the following phases of human lung development is characterized by the formation of
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a capillary network around airway passages?
jl jl jl jl jl
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS: D jl
The canalicular phase follows the pseudoglandular phase, lasting from approximately 17 week
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
s to 26 weeks of gestation. This phase is so named because of the appearance of vascular channels
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, or capillaries, which begin to grow by forming a capillary network around the air passages. Du
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ring the pseudoglandular stage, which begins at day 52 and extends to week 16 of gestation, the
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl j
airway system subdivides extensively and the conducting airway system develops, ending with
l jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
the terminal bronchioles. The saccular stage of development, which takes place from weeks 29
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
to 36 of gestation, is characterized by the development of sacs that later become alveoli. During t
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
he saccular phase, a tremendous increase in the potential gas-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
exchanging surface area occurs. The distinction between the saccular stage and the alveolar sta
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ge is arbitrary. The alveolar stage stretches from 39 weeks of gestation to term. This stage is rep
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
resented by the establishment of alveoli. jl jl jl jl jl
REF: pp. 3-5 jl j l
2. Regarding postnatal lung growth, by approximately what age do most of the alveoli that will be
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
present in the lungs for life develop? jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. 6 months jl
b. 1 year jl
c. 1.5 years jl
d. 2 years jl
ANS: C jl
Most of the postnatal formation of alveoli in the infant occurs over the first 1.5 years of life. At
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
2 years of age, the number of alveoli varies substantiallyamong individuals. After 2 years of age,
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
males have more alveoli than do females. After alveolar multiplication ends, the alveoli contin
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ue to increase in size until thoracic growth is completed.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl jl
3. The respiratorytherapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to tracheal ste
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
nosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop?
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A jl
The initial structures of the pulmonary tree develop during the embryonal stage. Errors in devel
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
opment during this time may result in laryngeal, tracheal, or esophageal atresia or stenosis. Pul
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
monary hypoplasia, an incomplete development of the lungs characterized byan abnormally low
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
number and/or size of bronchopulmonary segments and/or alveoli, can develop during the pseu
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
doglandular phase. If the fetus is born during the canalicular phase (i.e., prematurely), severe re
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
spiratory distress can be expected because the inadequately developed airways, along with insu
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
fficient and immature surfactant production by alveolar type II cells, gives rise to the constellati
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
on of problems known as infant respiratory distress syndrome.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jljl jl
4. Which of the following mechanisms is (are) responsible for the possible association between oli
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
gohydramnios and lung hypoplasia? jl jl jl
I. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism jl jl
II. Mechanical restriction of the chest wall jl jl jl jl jl
III. Interference with fetal breathing jl jl jl
IV. Failure to produce fetal lung liquid jl jl jl jl jl
a. I and III only
jl jl jl
b. II and III only jl jl jl
c. I, II, and IV only
jl jl jl jl
d. II, III, and IV only jl jl jl jl
ANS: D jl
Oligohydramnios, a reduced quantity of amniotic fluid present for an extended period of time, wi jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
th or without renal anomalies, is associated with lung hypoplasia. The mechanisms by which am
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
niotic fluid volume influences lung growth remain unclear. Possible explanations for reduced qua
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntity of amniotic fluid include mechanical restriction of the chest wall, interference with fetal br
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
eathing, or failure to produce fetal lung liquid. These clinical and experimental observations pos
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
sibly point to a common denominator, lung stretch, as being a major growth stimulant.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: pp. 6-7 jl jl
5. What is the purpose of the substance secreted bythe type II pneumocyte?
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. To increase the gas exchange surface area
jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. To reduce surface tension jl jl jl
c. To maintain lung elasticity jl jl jl
d. To preserve the volume of the amniotic fluid
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
jl jl jl
ATORY CARE jl
5th Edition, Walsh
j l
jl
TESTBANK jl
,Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition, Brian K. Walsh Test Bank
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Table of Contents
jl jl
Chapter 1. Fetal Lung Development
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 2. Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation
jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 3. Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery
jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 4. Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 5. Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 6. Radiographic Assessment
jl jl jl
Chapter 7. Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 8. Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 9. Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 10. Oxygen Administration
jl jl jl
Chapter 11. Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 12. Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 13. Airway Management
jl jl jl
Chapter 14. Surfactant Replacement Therapy
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 15. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 16. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 17. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 18. Administration of Gas Mixtures
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 20. Pharmacology
jl jl
Chapter 21. Thoracic Organ Transplantation
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 22. Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 23. Surgical Disorders in Childhood that Affect Respiratory Care
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 24. Congenital Cardiac Defects
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 25. Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing
jl jl jl jl
Chapter 26. Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 27. Asthma
jl jl
Chapter 28. Cystic Fibrosis
jl jl jl
Chapter 29. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 30. Shock
jl jl
Chapter 31. Pediatric Trauma
jl jl jl
Chapter 32. Disorders of the Pleura
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 33. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 34. Pediatric Emergencies
jl jl jl
Chapter 35. Home Care of the Postpartum Family
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
Chapter 36. Quality and Safety
jl jl jl jl
,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
Walsh: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)
MULTIPLE CHOICE jl
1. Which of the following phases of human lung development is characterized by the formation of
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a capillary network around airway passages?
jl jl jl jl jl
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS: D jl
The canalicular phase follows the pseudoglandular phase, lasting from approximately 17 week
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
s to 26 weeks of gestation. This phase is so named because of the appearance of vascular channels
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, or capillaries, which begin to grow by forming a capillary network around the air passages. Du
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ring the pseudoglandular stage, which begins at day 52 and extends to week 16 of gestation, the
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl j
airway system subdivides extensively and the conducting airway system develops, ending with
l jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
the terminal bronchioles. The saccular stage of development, which takes place from weeks 29
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
to 36 of gestation, is characterized by the development of sacs that later become alveoli. During t
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
he saccular phase, a tremendous increase in the potential gas-
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
exchanging surface area occurs. The distinction between the saccular stage and the alveolar sta
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ge is arbitrary. The alveolar stage stretches from 39 weeks of gestation to term. This stage is rep
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
resented by the establishment of alveoli. jl jl jl jl jl
REF: pp. 3-5 jl j l
2. Regarding postnatal lung growth, by approximately what age do most of the alveoli that will be
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
present in the lungs for life develop? jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. 6 months jl
b. 1 year jl
c. 1.5 years jl
d. 2 years jl
ANS: C jl
Most of the postnatal formation of alveoli in the infant occurs over the first 1.5 years of life. At
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
2 years of age, the number of alveoli varies substantiallyamong individuals. After 2 years of age,
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
males have more alveoli than do females. After alveolar multiplication ends, the alveoli contin
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ue to increase in size until thoracic growth is completed.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jl jl
3. The respiratorytherapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to tracheal ste
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
nosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop?
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A jl
The initial structures of the pulmonary tree develop during the embryonal stage. Errors in devel
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
opment during this time may result in laryngeal, tracheal, or esophageal atresia or stenosis. Pul
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
monary hypoplasia, an incomplete development of the lungs characterized byan abnormally low
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
number and/or size of bronchopulmonary segments and/or alveoli, can develop during the pseu
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
doglandular phase. If the fetus is born during the canalicular phase (i.e., prematurely), severe re
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
spiratory distress can be expected because the inadequately developed airways, along with insu
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
fficient and immature surfactant production by alveolar type II cells, gives rise to the constellati
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
on of problems known as infant respiratory distress syndrome.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: p. 6 jljl jl
4. Which of the following mechanisms is (are) responsible for the possible association between oli
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
gohydramnios and lung hypoplasia? jl jl jl
I. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism jl jl
II. Mechanical restriction of the chest wall jl jl jl jl jl
III. Interference with fetal breathing jl jl jl
IV. Failure to produce fetal lung liquid jl jl jl jl jl
a. I and III only
jl jl jl
b. II and III only jl jl jl
c. I, II, and IV only
jl jl jl jl
d. II, III, and IV only jl jl jl jl
ANS: D jl
Oligohydramnios, a reduced quantity of amniotic fluid present for an extended period of time, wi jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
th or without renal anomalies, is associated with lung hypoplasia. The mechanisms by which am
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
niotic fluid volume influences lung growth remain unclear. Possible explanations for reduced qua
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
ntity of amniotic fluid include mechanical restriction of the chest wall, interference with fetal br
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
eathing, or failure to produce fetal lung liquid. These clinical and experimental observations pos
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
sibly point to a common denominator, lung stretch, as being a major growth stimulant.
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
REF: pp. 6-7 jl jl
5. What is the purpose of the substance secreted bythe type II pneumocyte?
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
a. To increase the gas exchange surface area
jl jl jl jl jl jl
b. To reduce surface tension jl jl jl
c. To maintain lung elasticity jl jl jl
d. To preserve the volume of the amniotic fluid
jl jl jl jl jl jl jl
