Assignment 1 Semester 1 2025
Detailed Solutions, References & Explanations
Unique number: 506251
Due Date: 18 March 2025
SECTION A
1.1. Merton’s (1938) anomie theory
Robert K. Merton’s anomie theory is a significant sociological explanation for deviant behavior
and crime. Rooted in Émile Durkheim’s original concept of anomie, which refers to a state of
normlessness in society, Merton expanded on this idea by focusing on the imbalance between
cultural goals and the legitimate means available to achieve them. His theory, often classified
as a strain theory, suggests that crime arises when individuals experience strain due to their
inability to achieve socially approved success through legitimate means. Merton’s theory has
been widely applied to different societies and economic conditions, including financial crimes,
organized crime, and lower-class criminality (Shoemaker, 2000:93).
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