Pharmacology - Module 6 Drug Guide

[Type here] Module 6 Drug Table Cardiac and Hematologic


Mechanism of Action Concerns Nursing
Prototype S/E & Adverse
Class Therapeutic Use Contraindications Considerations & Pt.
Drugs Reactions
Pharmacokinetics Food/Drug Interactions Education
MA: inhibition of hepatic Headache Drugs: fibrates, macrolide Take Lovastatin w/
HMG-CoA reductase, Rash antibiotics, HIV protease evening meal, al others
hepatocytes synthesize Memory loss inhibitors, amiodarone & can be administered
more HMG-CoA GI upset cyclosporine without regard to meals.
reductase. Myopathy Food: grapefruits Dosing in evening is
TR: reduction of Hepatotoxicity Contraindications: use in preferred for all.
Lovastatin
hypercholesterolemia, New-onset pregnancy, viral/alcoholic Do not use while
[Mevacor]
primary & secondary diabetes hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver pregnant.
HMG-CoA
prevention of CVS disease, alcoholics, those taking Dosing 1x daily,
Reductase Atorvastatin
events, primary fibrates/ezetimibe or agents that preferably in evening or
Inhibitors [Lipitor]
prevention in people w/ inhibit CYP3A4, renal impairment bedtime.
(Statins)
normal LDL levels, post & Asian pt. Start w/ lowest dose in
Simvastatin
MI therapy & diabetes. Asian pt.
[Zocor]
PK: PO Obtain lab values for
total cholesterol, LDL,
HDL & TGs.
Obtain LFTs & CK
level.
Inform of r/o myopathy.
MA: bile-acid Constipation Drugs: thiazide diuretics, digoxin, Meds known to interact
sequestrants lower LDL Bloating warfarin & antibiotics. with taken 1hr before or
cholesterol. Indigestion Food: fatty foods (Cholestyramine) 4hrs after.
Colesevelam TR: reduce LDL Nausea Contraindications: diabetic Take with food & water.
[Welchol] cholesterol in pt. with ketoacidosis, hx. of bowel Mix cholestyramine
tablets & hypercholesterolemia. Cholestyramine obstruction, hx. of pancreatitis & powder & colestipol
Bile-Acid powder PK: PO Decrease fat high levels of triglycerides in granules with water,
Sequestrants absorption, blood. fruit juice, soup, or
Cholestyramine decrease uptake of pulpy fruit to reduce r/o
[Questran] fat-soluble esophageal irritation &
powder vitamins. impaction.
Sequestrants are not
water soluble, mixtures
will be cloudy not clear.

, [Type here] Module 6 Drug Table Cardiac and Hematologic


Mechanism of Action Concerns Nursing
Prototype S/E & Adverse
Class Therapeutic Use Contraindications Considerations & Pt.
Drugs Reactions
Pharmacokinetics Food/Drug Interactions Education
Mix granules w/ fluids
or pulpy fruits before
ingesting.
Tablet swallowed whole
with fluid.
Obtain lab values for
total cholesterol, LDL,
HDL & TGs.
Inform importance of
diet & controlling
cholesterol.
Establish appropriate
exercise program.
Encourage smokers to
quit.
Inform of need for
continuous therapy.
Adhere to prescribed
regimen.
Constipation can be
minimized by increasing
fiber & fluid. Mild
laxative can be used if
needed.
MA: inhibit dietary Myopathy Drugs: statins, fibrates, bile-acid Absorption not affected
cholesterol absorption. Rhabdomyolysis sequestrants & cyclosporine. by food.
Selective TR: reducing total Hepatitis Contraindications: hepatic If combined with statin
cholesterol- Ezetimibe cholesterol, LDL & Pancreatitis impairment can be taken at same
absorption [Zetia] apolipoprotein B in pt. Thrombocytopenia time.
inhibitors with primary If combined with bile-
hypercholesteremia. acid sequestrant take
PK: PO 2hrs before or 4hrs after.