©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
Module 4-Developmental Psychology Exam
Study Guide 100% Verified.
Human development - Answer✔the scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they
age from conception to death
Longitudinal design - Answer✔research design where the same participants are studied at
various ages over a long period on time to determine age related changes. Advantage of this
design is looking at real age related changes as occurring in the same individuals. Disadvantages
of length of time, money and effort involved in following participants over years.
Cross-sectional design - Answer✔research design in which different participants of various ages
are compared at one point in time to determine age related differences. Advantages of being
quick, relatively inexpensive, and easier to accomplish. Main disadvantage is not comparing
same individuals as they age; individuals of different ages being compared to one another.
Cross-sequential design - Answer✔research design in which different participants of various
ages are compared at several points to determine both age related differences and changes. A
combination of both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs.
Nature - Answer✔the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical
growth, intellectual growth, and social interactions.
Nurture - Answer✔he influence of the environment on personality, physical growth, intellectual
growth, and social interactions.
Genetics - Answer✔the science of heredity
DNA - Answer✔the special molecule containing genetic materials that determines an
individuals genetic makeup, including things such as eye color, hair color, bone structure, organ
size, etc. Controlled by the pairing of 23 chromosomes contained in female ovum and 23
chromosomes in male sperm.
Gene - Answer✔heredity unit consisting of DNA; are what determine height, build, color of skin
and eyes, etc.
Chromosomes - Answer✔strands of DNA that contain the heredity information necessary for
cell life.
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
Dominant - Answer✔a gene that actively controls the expression of a trait.
Recessive - Answer✔a gene that only influences expression of a trait when it is paired with an
identical gene.
Conception - Answer✔the moment at which a women becomes pregnant
Ovum - Answer✔the female sex cell or egg
Fertilization - Answer✔the union of the ovum and sperm
Zygote - Answer✔the cell resulting from the uniting of the ovum and sperm
Monozygotic twins - Answer✔identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separated
masses of cels, each of which develops into a separate embryo.
Dizygotic twins - Answer✔often called fraternal twins, occurring when two eggs each get
fertilized by two different sperm, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.
Germinal Development - Answer✔the first two weeks after fertilization, during which the
zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant the lining. Here the placenta and
umbilical cord begin to form. cells start to develop into specialized cells
Embryo - Answer✔the name for the developing organism from two weeks to eight weeks after
fertilization. Cells are continuing to specialize and become various organs and structures of a
human infant
Embryonic period - Answer✔the period from two to eight weeks after fertilization, during
which the major organs and structures of the organism develop.
Critical periods - Answer✔times during which certain environmental influences can have an
impact on the development of the infant.
Teratogen - Answer✔any factor that can cause a birth defect.
Fetal period - Answer✔8 weeks after conception, a major growth period for the baby
Fetus - Answer✔name for developing organism from 8 weeks to birth of the baby
Cognitive development - Answer✔the development of thinking, problem solving, and memory
Jean Piaget - Answer✔a swiss psychologist who was interested in children's thinking process.
Hypothesized that children have different schemas than adults. emphasized a child's cognitive
development as if other people in the child's world weren't all that necessary to the gaining of
knowledge and development of skills.
Scheme - Answer✔in this case, a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and
events
2
Module 4-Developmental Psychology Exam
Study Guide 100% Verified.
Human development - Answer✔the scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they
age from conception to death
Longitudinal design - Answer✔research design where the same participants are studied at
various ages over a long period on time to determine age related changes. Advantage of this
design is looking at real age related changes as occurring in the same individuals. Disadvantages
of length of time, money and effort involved in following participants over years.
Cross-sectional design - Answer✔research design in which different participants of various ages
are compared at one point in time to determine age related differences. Advantages of being
quick, relatively inexpensive, and easier to accomplish. Main disadvantage is not comparing
same individuals as they age; individuals of different ages being compared to one another.
Cross-sequential design - Answer✔research design in which different participants of various
ages are compared at several points to determine both age related differences and changes. A
combination of both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs.
Nature - Answer✔the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical
growth, intellectual growth, and social interactions.
Nurture - Answer✔he influence of the environment on personality, physical growth, intellectual
growth, and social interactions.
Genetics - Answer✔the science of heredity
DNA - Answer✔the special molecule containing genetic materials that determines an
individuals genetic makeup, including things such as eye color, hair color, bone structure, organ
size, etc. Controlled by the pairing of 23 chromosomes contained in female ovum and 23
chromosomes in male sperm.
Gene - Answer✔heredity unit consisting of DNA; are what determine height, build, color of skin
and eyes, etc.
Chromosomes - Answer✔strands of DNA that contain the heredity information necessary for
cell life.
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
Dominant - Answer✔a gene that actively controls the expression of a trait.
Recessive - Answer✔a gene that only influences expression of a trait when it is paired with an
identical gene.
Conception - Answer✔the moment at which a women becomes pregnant
Ovum - Answer✔the female sex cell or egg
Fertilization - Answer✔the union of the ovum and sperm
Zygote - Answer✔the cell resulting from the uniting of the ovum and sperm
Monozygotic twins - Answer✔identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separated
masses of cels, each of which develops into a separate embryo.
Dizygotic twins - Answer✔often called fraternal twins, occurring when two eggs each get
fertilized by two different sperm, resulting in two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.
Germinal Development - Answer✔the first two weeks after fertilization, during which the
zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant the lining. Here the placenta and
umbilical cord begin to form. cells start to develop into specialized cells
Embryo - Answer✔the name for the developing organism from two weeks to eight weeks after
fertilization. Cells are continuing to specialize and become various organs and structures of a
human infant
Embryonic period - Answer✔the period from two to eight weeks after fertilization, during
which the major organs and structures of the organism develop.
Critical periods - Answer✔times during which certain environmental influences can have an
impact on the development of the infant.
Teratogen - Answer✔any factor that can cause a birth defect.
Fetal period - Answer✔8 weeks after conception, a major growth period for the baby
Fetus - Answer✔name for developing organism from 8 weeks to birth of the baby
Cognitive development - Answer✔the development of thinking, problem solving, and memory
Jean Piaget - Answer✔a swiss psychologist who was interested in children's thinking process.
Hypothesized that children have different schemas than adults. emphasized a child's cognitive
development as if other people in the child's world weren't all that necessary to the gaining of
knowledge and development of skills.
Scheme - Answer✔in this case, a mental concept formed through experiences with objects and
events
2
