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NYSTCE Visual Arts Historical and Cultural Context
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Q: African art
Ans: Painting, sculpture, pottery, masks, textiles, body decoration, jewelry,
and rock art. Aesthetic, political, ideological, rituals.
Characteristics: stylized realism, emphasis on sculpture, geometric forms,
and emphasis on the human figure. Some artists tend to visually
abstract, or stylize, figures rather than represent them in a naturalistic
way.
Q: Masks
Ans: Used in performances and rituals with the participation of musicians,
dancers, and the audience. People who used them took on the role of
a powerful spiritual being. Many had names based on the dance, their
meanings, or spirit names.
Q: Eastern art (Asian art)
Ans: Does not follow the same aesthetics of the elements and principles of
Western art. Focuses more on landscapes and spiritual ideas. Sought to
depict mans understanding of natural forces and to understand the
pattern of nature.
Q: Buddhism art
Ans: Has a great influence on Asian art. Sought to depict man's
understanding of natural forces and the pattern of nature.
,Q: Middle Eastern/Islamic art
Ans: Includes artwork created by countries in this region. Muslim and non-
Muslim artists included. Religion is the most important aspect.
Connection to infinite patterns and man's finite existence.
Q: Types of Middle Eastern/Islamic art
Ans: Architecture, calligraphy, manuscript, illumination, metalworking,
textiles, and more.
Q: Early aboriginal art
Ans: From Australia. Included rock paintings and carvings. Indigenous art is
often created and protected here a national parks.
Q: Latin American art
Ans: A blend of three cultures: Native American, African, and European.
Begins with the indigenous people. Utilitarian to then values and
religions of the different regions.
Q: Muralism
Ans: Important Latin American artistic movement from the 1920s. Publicly
painted with social and political messages- ideas of identity, and a
unifying theme.
Q: European art
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, Ans: Began with prehistoric rock painting and carving developing into
many different artistic movements.
Q: Europe in the Middle ages
Ans: Mainly historic art commissioned by a patron usually from the church
or state. Historic biblical, and religious/political scenes and leaders.
Q: Europe in the Industrial Revolution
Ans: The change of subject matters as artists became independent.
Academies resisted these changes but many innovative artists
became avant-garde while others stuck to traditions.
Q: Avant-garde
Ans: Ahead of the times, especially in the arts
Q: Early colonial art
Ans: Prior to colonization, traditional Native American art dominated. The
became based on European traditions. Artists mainly painted portraits
and landscapes.
Q: The American Revolution
Ans: Brought a demand for patriotic art. Artists began to document rural
America.
Q: The Hudson River School
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