NREMT FINAL EMT-BASIC EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
cardio vascular system - Correct Answers -made up of the heart and the blood vessels,
circulation of blood into the right atrium to the right ventricle out to the lungs back into
the left atrium to the left ventricle out through the body.
cardiac conductive system - Correct Answers -electrical impulses and specialized
muscles that cause the heart to contract
red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma - Correct Answers -blood composition
cardiac compromise - Correct Answers -a blanket term that refers to a heart problem
with a rapid onset
acute coronary syndrome (ACS) - Correct Answers -a blanket term used to represent
any symptoms related to lack of oxygen (ischemia) in the heart muscle.
angina - Correct Answers -rest makes it better, partial blockage in the heart.
- Correct Answers -
dyspnea - Correct Answers -shortness of breath, labored or difficult breathing.
bradycardia - Correct Answers -slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute
tachycardia - Correct Answers -fast heart rate above 100 peats per minute.
- Correct Answers -
Patient care of cardiac compromise - Correct Answers -position of comfort, hypotensive
may be better lying down which allows more blood to flow to the brain. If both difficulty
breathing and hypertensive than may be hard to find a good position for both. APPLY
high concentration oxygen with nonrebreather mask. Altered mental status may require
opening and maintaining airway. If no ventilating adequately, you will need to ventilate
him. Transport immediately if
no history of cardiac problems, history of cardiac problems but dos not have
nitroglycerin or systolic blood pressure below 90-100.Determing where the patient will
be transported. Give the patient or help the patient with nitroglycerin
hypotensive - Correct Answers -blood pressure less than 90
,Tertiary Blast Injury - Correct Answers -An injury from whole-body displacement and
subsequent traumatic impact with environmental objects.
V Agent - Correct Answers -One of the G agents; it is a clear oily agent that has no odor
and looks like baby oil; more than 100 times more lethal than sarin and is extremely
persistent.
Vapor Hazard - Correct Answers -The term used to describe danger posed by an agent
that enters the body through the respiratory tract.
Vesicants - Correct Answers -Blister agents; the primary route of entry for this agent is
through the skin.
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers - Correct Answers -A group of diseases caused by viruses
that include Ebola, Rift Valley, and yellow fevers, among others. This group of viruses
causes the blood in the body to seep out from the tissues and blood vessels.
Viruses - Correct Answers -Germs that require a living host to multiply and survive.
Volatility - Correct Answers -How long a chemical agent will stay on a surface before it
evaporates.
cardiac problems in children - Correct Answers -usually have healthy hearts, most are
congenital or brought on by breathing problems.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - Correct Answers -when coronary arteries are blocked
or narrowed which reduces the amount of oxygenated blood delivered to the heart.
Stress on the heart can cause heart rate to increase which requires more oxygen.
Narrowing causes less available oxygen.
Atherosclerosis is a build up of fatty deposits known as plaque. Arteriosclerosis is a
stiffening due to calcium build up. hardening of the arteries
Atherosclerosis - Correct Answers -is a build up fatty deposits known as plaque.
Arteriosclerosis - Correct Answers -is a stiffening or hardening of the arteries due to
calcium build up.
Thrombus - Correct Answers -clot and debris formed from a blood clot
occlusion - Correct Answers -when a thrombus (blod clot of debris) cuts off blood flow or
narrows the blood vessel. it is still attached.
embolism - Correct Answers -when a occlusion breaks off and moves down the
narrowing vessel and causes blockage which cuts off oxygen flow to the tissues.
,aneurism - Correct Answers -weekened sections in the arterial walls begin to dilate
(balloon).
dysrhythmia - Correct Answers -a malfunction of the heart's electrical system, irregular
or absent heart rhythm. Bradycardia and Tachycardia
no pulse rhythms - Correct Answers -ventricular tachycardia, pulseless electrical activity
and asystole.
cardiac arrest - Correct Answers -no pulse dude
mechanical malfunctions of the heart - Correct Answers -can cause myocardial
infarction, an area that has not recieved oxygen and can no longer function causing
areas of the heart with no ability to pump. Areas of the heart die. This can lead to
cardiac arrest, shock, pulmonary edema or congestive heart failure. After a heart attack
the damaged area can burst open called cardiac rupture.
Angina Pectoris - Correct Answers -pain in the chest. Angina attack. Pain usually
deminished when the patient relaxes. Attack usually does not last longer than 3-5
minutes.
Acute Myocardial Infarction - Correct Answers -when a portion of the myocardium (heart
muscle) dies as a result of oxygen starvation. Usually due to
trauma patient - Correct Answers -a patient suffering from one or more physical
INJURIES
Trauma means - Correct Answers -Physical INJURY
MOI- mechanism of injury - Correct Answers -death in same passenger compartment,
steering wheel, gun shot wound to head chest or abdomen, fall of more than 15 ft or 3
times patient's height, unresponsive or altered mental status,
chief complaint - Correct Answers -what the patient tells you is the matter
Focused Physical exam - Correct Answers -what you can see and what the patient tells
you.
Palpate entire body and look and feel for DCAP-BTLS
Swelling - Correct Answers -injured capillaries bleeding under the skin. Edema
Totally naked for medical assessment, often because the clothes were cut off by trauma
scissors. - Correct Answers -Trauma Naked
DCAP-BTLS and crepitation, CSF - Correct Answers -How to inspect the head
, neck - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS jugular vein distention, crepitation
chest - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS paradoxical motion, crepitation, breath sounds
(present, absent, equal)
DCAP-BTLS firmness, softness, distention - Correct Answers -how to assess the
abdomen
pelvis - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS pain, tenderness, crepitation, motion, bleeding,
fecal matter and/or urine.
DCAP-BTLS CSM Cap Refil - Correct Answers -How to check extremities
- Correct Answers -
things to consider and look at in a vehicle collision - Correct Answers -steering wheel,
pedals, dashboard, rear-view mirror
rapid trauma assessment - Correct Answers -a rapid assessment of the head, neck,
chest, abdomen, pelvis, extremities, and posterior of the body to detect signs and
symptoms of injury
cretitation - Correct Answers -a grating sound or feeling of broken bones rubbing
together
jugular vein distention (JVD) - Correct Answers -bulging of the neck veins
normal to see while patient is lying down
flat veins while lying down may be a sign of blood loss
stoma - Correct Answers -a permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the
patient breathes
tracheostomy - Correct Answers -a surgical incision held open by a metal or plastic
tube.
paradoxical motion - Correct Answers -movement of a part of the chest in the opposite
direction to the rest of the chest during respiration
distention - Correct Answers -a condition of being stretched, inflated, or larger than
normal
when palpating 4 quadrants - Correct Answers -gently once on each quadrant.
upper left, right, lower left and right. Palpating site that has pain last. Checking for
firmness can mean internal bleeding or injury. A pulsating mass could mean an
enlarged aorta, do not press any further.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
cardio vascular system - Correct Answers -made up of the heart and the blood vessels,
circulation of blood into the right atrium to the right ventricle out to the lungs back into
the left atrium to the left ventricle out through the body.
cardiac conductive system - Correct Answers -electrical impulses and specialized
muscles that cause the heart to contract
red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma - Correct Answers -blood composition
cardiac compromise - Correct Answers -a blanket term that refers to a heart problem
with a rapid onset
acute coronary syndrome (ACS) - Correct Answers -a blanket term used to represent
any symptoms related to lack of oxygen (ischemia) in the heart muscle.
angina - Correct Answers -rest makes it better, partial blockage in the heart.
- Correct Answers -
dyspnea - Correct Answers -shortness of breath, labored or difficult breathing.
bradycardia - Correct Answers -slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute
tachycardia - Correct Answers -fast heart rate above 100 peats per minute.
- Correct Answers -
Patient care of cardiac compromise - Correct Answers -position of comfort, hypotensive
may be better lying down which allows more blood to flow to the brain. If both difficulty
breathing and hypertensive than may be hard to find a good position for both. APPLY
high concentration oxygen with nonrebreather mask. Altered mental status may require
opening and maintaining airway. If no ventilating adequately, you will need to ventilate
him. Transport immediately if
no history of cardiac problems, history of cardiac problems but dos not have
nitroglycerin or systolic blood pressure below 90-100.Determing where the patient will
be transported. Give the patient or help the patient with nitroglycerin
hypotensive - Correct Answers -blood pressure less than 90
,Tertiary Blast Injury - Correct Answers -An injury from whole-body displacement and
subsequent traumatic impact with environmental objects.
V Agent - Correct Answers -One of the G agents; it is a clear oily agent that has no odor
and looks like baby oil; more than 100 times more lethal than sarin and is extremely
persistent.
Vapor Hazard - Correct Answers -The term used to describe danger posed by an agent
that enters the body through the respiratory tract.
Vesicants - Correct Answers -Blister agents; the primary route of entry for this agent is
through the skin.
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers - Correct Answers -A group of diseases caused by viruses
that include Ebola, Rift Valley, and yellow fevers, among others. This group of viruses
causes the blood in the body to seep out from the tissues and blood vessels.
Viruses - Correct Answers -Germs that require a living host to multiply and survive.
Volatility - Correct Answers -How long a chemical agent will stay on a surface before it
evaporates.
cardiac problems in children - Correct Answers -usually have healthy hearts, most are
congenital or brought on by breathing problems.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - Correct Answers -when coronary arteries are blocked
or narrowed which reduces the amount of oxygenated blood delivered to the heart.
Stress on the heart can cause heart rate to increase which requires more oxygen.
Narrowing causes less available oxygen.
Atherosclerosis is a build up of fatty deposits known as plaque. Arteriosclerosis is a
stiffening due to calcium build up. hardening of the arteries
Atherosclerosis - Correct Answers -is a build up fatty deposits known as plaque.
Arteriosclerosis - Correct Answers -is a stiffening or hardening of the arteries due to
calcium build up.
Thrombus - Correct Answers -clot and debris formed from a blood clot
occlusion - Correct Answers -when a thrombus (blod clot of debris) cuts off blood flow or
narrows the blood vessel. it is still attached.
embolism - Correct Answers -when a occlusion breaks off and moves down the
narrowing vessel and causes blockage which cuts off oxygen flow to the tissues.
,aneurism - Correct Answers -weekened sections in the arterial walls begin to dilate
(balloon).
dysrhythmia - Correct Answers -a malfunction of the heart's electrical system, irregular
or absent heart rhythm. Bradycardia and Tachycardia
no pulse rhythms - Correct Answers -ventricular tachycardia, pulseless electrical activity
and asystole.
cardiac arrest - Correct Answers -no pulse dude
mechanical malfunctions of the heart - Correct Answers -can cause myocardial
infarction, an area that has not recieved oxygen and can no longer function causing
areas of the heart with no ability to pump. Areas of the heart die. This can lead to
cardiac arrest, shock, pulmonary edema or congestive heart failure. After a heart attack
the damaged area can burst open called cardiac rupture.
Angina Pectoris - Correct Answers -pain in the chest. Angina attack. Pain usually
deminished when the patient relaxes. Attack usually does not last longer than 3-5
minutes.
Acute Myocardial Infarction - Correct Answers -when a portion of the myocardium (heart
muscle) dies as a result of oxygen starvation. Usually due to
trauma patient - Correct Answers -a patient suffering from one or more physical
INJURIES
Trauma means - Correct Answers -Physical INJURY
MOI- mechanism of injury - Correct Answers -death in same passenger compartment,
steering wheel, gun shot wound to head chest or abdomen, fall of more than 15 ft or 3
times patient's height, unresponsive or altered mental status,
chief complaint - Correct Answers -what the patient tells you is the matter
Focused Physical exam - Correct Answers -what you can see and what the patient tells
you.
Palpate entire body and look and feel for DCAP-BTLS
Swelling - Correct Answers -injured capillaries bleeding under the skin. Edema
Totally naked for medical assessment, often because the clothes were cut off by trauma
scissors. - Correct Answers -Trauma Naked
DCAP-BTLS and crepitation, CSF - Correct Answers -How to inspect the head
, neck - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS jugular vein distention, crepitation
chest - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS paradoxical motion, crepitation, breath sounds
(present, absent, equal)
DCAP-BTLS firmness, softness, distention - Correct Answers -how to assess the
abdomen
pelvis - Correct Answers -DCAP-BTLS pain, tenderness, crepitation, motion, bleeding,
fecal matter and/or urine.
DCAP-BTLS CSM Cap Refil - Correct Answers -How to check extremities
- Correct Answers -
things to consider and look at in a vehicle collision - Correct Answers -steering wheel,
pedals, dashboard, rear-view mirror
rapid trauma assessment - Correct Answers -a rapid assessment of the head, neck,
chest, abdomen, pelvis, extremities, and posterior of the body to detect signs and
symptoms of injury
cretitation - Correct Answers -a grating sound or feeling of broken bones rubbing
together
jugular vein distention (JVD) - Correct Answers -bulging of the neck veins
normal to see while patient is lying down
flat veins while lying down may be a sign of blood loss
stoma - Correct Answers -a permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the
patient breathes
tracheostomy - Correct Answers -a surgical incision held open by a metal or plastic
tube.
paradoxical motion - Correct Answers -movement of a part of the chest in the opposite
direction to the rest of the chest during respiration
distention - Correct Answers -a condition of being stretched, inflated, or larger than
normal
when palpating 4 quadrants - Correct Answers -gently once on each quadrant.
upper left, right, lower left and right. Palpating site that has pain last. Checking for
firmness can mean internal bleeding or injury. A pulsating mass could mean an
enlarged aorta, do not press any further.
