1. What is the normal venous flow pattern in the upper
extremities?
A. Pulsatile b) Phasic c) Continuous d) Biphasic Answer: b) Phasic
Rationale: Upper extremity venous flow is phasic due to
respiratory variations.
2. What is the primary indicator of a significant stenosis in a
lower extremity artery?
A. Decreased pulse wave amplitude b) Elevated peak systolic
velocity ratio >2.0 c) Increased arterial wall thickness d) Loss of
diastolic flow Answer: b) Elevated peak systolic velocity ratio >2.0
Rationale: A PSV ratio >2.0 between pre- and post-stenotic areas
indicates a significant arterial stenosis.
3. Which test is the gold standard for evaluating cerebrovascular
disease?
A. CT angiography b) MR angiography c) Digital subtraction
angiography d) Duplex ultrasound Answer: c) Digital subtraction
angiography Rationale: Digital subtraction angiography is
considered the gold standard for cerebrovascular evaluation.
4. Which venous system is evaluated using the perforator veins?
,A. Deep venous system b) Superficial venous system c) Both deep
and superficial systems d) Pulmonary venous system Answer: c)
Both deep and superficial systems Rationale: Perforator veins
connect the superficial and deep venous systems and are evaluated
for competency.
5. What is the diagnostic imaging method for deep vein
thrombosis (DVT)?
A. CT angiography b) Venous duplex ultrasound c) MRI d)
Plethysmography Answer: b) Venous duplex ultrasound
Rationale: Ultrasound is the gold standard for diagnosing DVT
due to its non-invasive nature and high accuracy.
6. What is the effect of standing on venous pressure in the lower
extremities?
A. Decreases due to muscle contraction b) Increases due to
hydrostatic pressure
C. No change in venous pressure d) Decreases due to venous reflux
Answer: b) Increases due to hydrostatic pressure Rationale:
Venous pressure increases significantly in the lower extremities
when standing due to gravity's effect on hydrostatic pressure.
7. What is the typical treatment for a pseudoaneurysm?
A. Surgical excision b) Ultrasound-guided compression c) Venous
stripping d) Angioplasty Answer: b) Ultrasound-guided
, compression Rationale: This technique is often used to close the
pseudoaneurysm neck and prevent further blood flow.
8. In a post-thrombotic patient, what Doppler finding is
commonly observed?
A. Continuous venous flow b) Pulsatile venous flow c) Absence of
collateral veins d) Hyperdynamic arterial flow Answer: a)
Continuous venous flow Rationale: Continuous flow indicates loss
of normal phasicity, often due to proximal obstruction or scarring
from prior thrombosis.
9. Which of the following vessels is not typically evaluated during
lower extremity arterial duplex?
A. Superficial femoral artery b) Common femoral artery c) Radial
artery d) Popliteal artery Answer: c) Radial artery Rationale: The
radial artery is located in the upper extremity and not part of the
lower extremity arterial study.
10. What is the role of color Doppler imaging?
A. To assess vessel wall thickness b) To identify flow direction
and patterns c) To measure velocity accurately d) To assess
cardiac function Answer: b) To identify flow direction and
patterns Rationale: Color Doppler provides a qualitative view of
blood flow direction and turbulence.
extremities?
A. Pulsatile b) Phasic c) Continuous d) Biphasic Answer: b) Phasic
Rationale: Upper extremity venous flow is phasic due to
respiratory variations.
2. What is the primary indicator of a significant stenosis in a
lower extremity artery?
A. Decreased pulse wave amplitude b) Elevated peak systolic
velocity ratio >2.0 c) Increased arterial wall thickness d) Loss of
diastolic flow Answer: b) Elevated peak systolic velocity ratio >2.0
Rationale: A PSV ratio >2.0 between pre- and post-stenotic areas
indicates a significant arterial stenosis.
3. Which test is the gold standard for evaluating cerebrovascular
disease?
A. CT angiography b) MR angiography c) Digital subtraction
angiography d) Duplex ultrasound Answer: c) Digital subtraction
angiography Rationale: Digital subtraction angiography is
considered the gold standard for cerebrovascular evaluation.
4. Which venous system is evaluated using the perforator veins?
,A. Deep venous system b) Superficial venous system c) Both deep
and superficial systems d) Pulmonary venous system Answer: c)
Both deep and superficial systems Rationale: Perforator veins
connect the superficial and deep venous systems and are evaluated
for competency.
5. What is the diagnostic imaging method for deep vein
thrombosis (DVT)?
A. CT angiography b) Venous duplex ultrasound c) MRI d)
Plethysmography Answer: b) Venous duplex ultrasound
Rationale: Ultrasound is the gold standard for diagnosing DVT
due to its non-invasive nature and high accuracy.
6. What is the effect of standing on venous pressure in the lower
extremities?
A. Decreases due to muscle contraction b) Increases due to
hydrostatic pressure
C. No change in venous pressure d) Decreases due to venous reflux
Answer: b) Increases due to hydrostatic pressure Rationale:
Venous pressure increases significantly in the lower extremities
when standing due to gravity's effect on hydrostatic pressure.
7. What is the typical treatment for a pseudoaneurysm?
A. Surgical excision b) Ultrasound-guided compression c) Venous
stripping d) Angioplasty Answer: b) Ultrasound-guided
, compression Rationale: This technique is often used to close the
pseudoaneurysm neck and prevent further blood flow.
8. In a post-thrombotic patient, what Doppler finding is
commonly observed?
A. Continuous venous flow b) Pulsatile venous flow c) Absence of
collateral veins d) Hyperdynamic arterial flow Answer: a)
Continuous venous flow Rationale: Continuous flow indicates loss
of normal phasicity, often due to proximal obstruction or scarring
from prior thrombosis.
9. Which of the following vessels is not typically evaluated during
lower extremity arterial duplex?
A. Superficial femoral artery b) Common femoral artery c) Radial
artery d) Popliteal artery Answer: c) Radial artery Rationale: The
radial artery is located in the upper extremity and not part of the
lower extremity arterial study.
10. What is the role of color Doppler imaging?
A. To assess vessel wall thickness b) To identify flow direction
and patterns c) To measure velocity accurately d) To assess
cardiac function Answer: b) To identify flow direction and
patterns Rationale: Color Doppler provides a qualitative view of
blood flow direction and turbulence.
