NU 424 Respiratory Exam With Complete Solutions
BNP - ANSWER indicates heart failure
Normal BNP - ANSWER 100-300
Normal Hgb - ANSWER 12-16
Why is Hgb in respiratory patient? - ANSWER People with low Hgb will have more
difficulty breathing
Normal WBC - ANSWER 5,000-10,000
Normal Ph - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
Normal CO2 - ANSWER 35-45
Normal Bicarb - ANSWER 21-28
What is a pleural effusion - ANSWER fluid in the pleural space, but we aren't sure what it
is
Bronchoscopy - ANSWER Scope down trachea
Fluoroscopy - ANSWER The doctor goes in and looks at the lung tissue with radio
isotope to light vasculature and to check the function of it
Pulmonary Angiography - ANSWER Visualize the vessels with radio-active isotope
VQ Lung Scan - ANSWER Pulmonary angiography plus the inhaled gas and fluoroscopy
Pneumonia inflammatory response - ANSWER * Inhaled or aspirated foreign material
* Leads to multiplication of microorganisms (love warm moist environment that allows
them to repopulate) in the lower respiratory tract.
Pneumonia Treatment - ANSWER early introduction of antibiotics within 6 hours of
admission
Pneumonia Pt care - ANSWER intubated patients must have oral care every 2 hours and
pro to reduce oral bacteria
Hospital acquired pneumonia - ANSWER pneumonia occurring 48 hours or longer after
hospital admission and not incubating at the time of hospitalization.
Community acquired pneumonia - ANSWER (MOST DEADLY) a type of pneumonia that
results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic
Aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER can occur when a foreign substance, such as food,
,fluid, vomit, is inhaled into the lungs
common in intubated patients
Ventilator acquired pneumonia - ANSWER The patients oral care has been neglected
and microbes move down into the lungs
Health care associated pneumonia - ANSWER pneumonia that has been acquired in
other health care facilities, such as nursing homes
Manifestations of pneumonia - ANSWER -Tachypnea / tachycardia
-Chills, fever, flushing, diaphoresis
-Productive cough
-Crackles
-Increased WBC
-Decreased oxygen levels
Diagnostic procedures for pneumonia - ANSWER Chest xray
Pulse ox
Sputum C&S
Pneumonia Meds - ANSWER Anti-infectives
Antipyretics
Bronchodilators
Anti-inflammatories
COPD - ANSWER state of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
Major causes of COPD - ANSWER Cigarette smoking
Occupational dust and chemical exposure on job site
COPD O2 therapy - ANSWER <= 2L/min O2 (SaO2 90% or >)
IF LIFE THREATENING the pt. may be given 100% O2/ mechanical ventilation
Manifestations of COPD - ANSWER -Dyspnea with productive cough
-Barrel chest
-Wheezing / crackles
-Pursed lip breathing
, -Clubbed fingernails
COPD Meds - ANSWER -Albuterol, Atrovent, Advair, Serevent, Spiriva: Bronchodilators
-Mucomyst: Mucolytics
-Anti-inflammatory agents: Solu-medrol, prednisone
-Methylxanthines: Theo-Dur, Theophylline
Diagnostic procedures for COPD - ANSWER Chest xray
Pulmonary Function tests
Pulse ox
ABG's
CT
Lung cancer manifestations - ANSWER -Chronic cough & dyspnea
-Hemoptysis
-Hoarseness
-Fatigue, weight loss, anorexia
-Clubbing of fingers
-Chest wall pain
Lung Cancer Diagnostic Procedures - ANSWER -Chest x-ray
-CT scan
-Bronchoscopy / biopsy
TNM for staging (tumor, nodes, metastasis)
Lung Cancer Meds - ANSWER -Chemotherapeutic agents
-Opiod narcotics
-Zofran (nausea)
Tuberculosis Manifestations - ANSWER -Cough, hemoptysis
-Sputum Culture (+) for Acid Fast Bacillus (AFB)
-Fever / night sweats (RED FLAG)
-Anorexia, weight loss
BNP - ANSWER indicates heart failure
Normal BNP - ANSWER 100-300
Normal Hgb - ANSWER 12-16
Why is Hgb in respiratory patient? - ANSWER People with low Hgb will have more
difficulty breathing
Normal WBC - ANSWER 5,000-10,000
Normal Ph - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
Normal CO2 - ANSWER 35-45
Normal Bicarb - ANSWER 21-28
What is a pleural effusion - ANSWER fluid in the pleural space, but we aren't sure what it
is
Bronchoscopy - ANSWER Scope down trachea
Fluoroscopy - ANSWER The doctor goes in and looks at the lung tissue with radio
isotope to light vasculature and to check the function of it
Pulmonary Angiography - ANSWER Visualize the vessels with radio-active isotope
VQ Lung Scan - ANSWER Pulmonary angiography plus the inhaled gas and fluoroscopy
Pneumonia inflammatory response - ANSWER * Inhaled or aspirated foreign material
* Leads to multiplication of microorganisms (love warm moist environment that allows
them to repopulate) in the lower respiratory tract.
Pneumonia Treatment - ANSWER early introduction of antibiotics within 6 hours of
admission
Pneumonia Pt care - ANSWER intubated patients must have oral care every 2 hours and
pro to reduce oral bacteria
Hospital acquired pneumonia - ANSWER pneumonia occurring 48 hours or longer after
hospital admission and not incubating at the time of hospitalization.
Community acquired pneumonia - ANSWER (MOST DEADLY) a type of pneumonia that
results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic
Aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER can occur when a foreign substance, such as food,
,fluid, vomit, is inhaled into the lungs
common in intubated patients
Ventilator acquired pneumonia - ANSWER The patients oral care has been neglected
and microbes move down into the lungs
Health care associated pneumonia - ANSWER pneumonia that has been acquired in
other health care facilities, such as nursing homes
Manifestations of pneumonia - ANSWER -Tachypnea / tachycardia
-Chills, fever, flushing, diaphoresis
-Productive cough
-Crackles
-Increased WBC
-Decreased oxygen levels
Diagnostic procedures for pneumonia - ANSWER Chest xray
Pulse ox
Sputum C&S
Pneumonia Meds - ANSWER Anti-infectives
Antipyretics
Bronchodilators
Anti-inflammatories
COPD - ANSWER state of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
Major causes of COPD - ANSWER Cigarette smoking
Occupational dust and chemical exposure on job site
COPD O2 therapy - ANSWER <= 2L/min O2 (SaO2 90% or >)
IF LIFE THREATENING the pt. may be given 100% O2/ mechanical ventilation
Manifestations of COPD - ANSWER -Dyspnea with productive cough
-Barrel chest
-Wheezing / crackles
-Pursed lip breathing
, -Clubbed fingernails
COPD Meds - ANSWER -Albuterol, Atrovent, Advair, Serevent, Spiriva: Bronchodilators
-Mucomyst: Mucolytics
-Anti-inflammatory agents: Solu-medrol, prednisone
-Methylxanthines: Theo-Dur, Theophylline
Diagnostic procedures for COPD - ANSWER Chest xray
Pulmonary Function tests
Pulse ox
ABG's
CT
Lung cancer manifestations - ANSWER -Chronic cough & dyspnea
-Hemoptysis
-Hoarseness
-Fatigue, weight loss, anorexia
-Clubbing of fingers
-Chest wall pain
Lung Cancer Diagnostic Procedures - ANSWER -Chest x-ray
-CT scan
-Bronchoscopy / biopsy
TNM for staging (tumor, nodes, metastasis)
Lung Cancer Meds - ANSWER -Chemotherapeutic agents
-Opiod narcotics
-Zofran (nausea)
Tuberculosis Manifestations - ANSWER -Cough, hemoptysis
-Sputum Culture (+) for Acid Fast Bacillus (AFB)
-Fever / night sweats (RED FLAG)
-Anorexia, weight loss
