OSU OKC Fundamentals Final 2025-2026 With
Complete Solutions!!
A 52-year-old female is admitted with dyspnea and left-sided chest discomfort with deep
breaths. She has smoked for 35 years and recently lost over 10 lbs. Her vital signs on
admission are: HR 112, BP 138/82, RR 22, tympanic temperature 36.8° C (98.2° F), and
oxygen saturation 94%. She is receiving oxygen at 2 L via a nasal cannula. Which of the
following vital signs reflects a positive outcome of the oxygen therapy?
1. Temperature: 37° C (98.6° F)
2. Radial pulse: 112
3. Respiratory rate: 24
4. Oxygen saturation: 96%
5. Blood pressure: 134/78 - ANSWER>>Answer 4.
Oxygen saturation is an assessment of oxygen perfusion. Respiratory rate assesses
ventilation, radial pulse and blood pressure assess the cardiovascular system and
temperature is an assessment of thermal regulation.
The LPN reports to you the change-of-shift vital signs for four of your patients. For which
patient will you perform your initial assessment?
1. An 84-year-old male was recently admitted with pneumonia, tachypneic at RR 28 and
with SpO2 89%
2. A 54-year-old post-operative female after admission for fractured arm, with BP 160/86
mm Hg, HR 72
3. A 63-year-old gentleman has diabetes-related venous ulcers, with temperature 37.3°
C (99.1° F), with tachycardia, HR 84
4. 77-year-old female, L mastectomy 2 days ago, RR 22, BP 148/62 - ANSWER>>Answer:
1.
SpO2 89% is a critical value and requires immediate attention. Other values require
,attention but are not life threatening.
A 55-year-old female patient was in a motor vehicle accident and is admitted to a
surgical unit after repair of a fractured left arm and left leg. She also has a laceration on
her forehead. An intravenous (IV) line is infusing in the right antecubital fossa, and
pneumatic compression stockings are on the right lower leg. She is receiving oxygen via
a simple face mask. Which sites would you direct the nursing assistant to use to obtain
the patient's blood pressure and temperature?
1. Right antecubital and tympanic membrane
2. Right popliteal and rectal
3. Left antecubital and oral
4. Left popliteal and temporal artery - ANSWER>>Answer: 1.
IV in right arm can be turned off while blood pressure is obtained. Blood pressure
should not be measured on fractured extremities that have compromised circulation.
Sequential stocking should remain on all the time while the patient is in bed to promote
blood flow in lower right extremity. The tympanic membrane temperature is not affected
by oxygen; to take an oral temperature, the oxygen would have to be removed.
Laceration to the forehead excludes temporal measurement. Rectal temperature is
invasive. The nurse is observing a nursing student take a blood pressure (BP) on a
patient. The nurse notices that the student very slowly deflates the cuff in an attempt to
hear the sounds. The patient's BP range over the past 24 hours has been 132/64 to
126/72 mm Hg. Which of the following BP readings made by the student is most likely
caused by an incorrect technique?
1. 96/40 mm Hg
2. 110/66 mm Hg
3. 130/90 mm Hg
4. 156/82 mm Hg - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Deflating the cuff too slowly will yield a false-high diastolic blood pressure.
,As you are obtaining the oxygen saturation on a 19-year-old college student with severe
asthma, you note that she has black nail polish on her nails. You remove the polish from
one nail and she asks you why her nail polish had to be removed. What is the best
response?
1. Nail polish attracts microorganisms and contaminates the finger sensor.
2. Nail polish increases oxygen saturation.
3. Nail polish interferes with sensor function.
4. Nail polish creates excessive heat in sensor probe. - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
The pigment in black nail polish affects light absorption and reflection.
A patient has been hospitalized for the past 48 hours with a fever of unknown origin. His
medical record reflects the following tympanic temperatures: 38.7° C (101.6° F) (0400),
36.6° C (97.9° F) (0800), 36.9° C (98.4° F) (1200), 37.6° C (99.6° F) (1600), and 38.3° C
(100.9° F) (2000). How would you describe this pattern of temperature measurements?
1. Usual range of circadian rhythm measurements
2. Sustained fever pattern
3. Intermittent fever pattern
4. Resolving fever pattern - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Temperature was elevated above acceptable range, returned to normal, and then
elevated.
A patient presents in the clinic with dizziness and fatigue. The nursing assistant reports
a slow but regular radial pulse of 44. What is your priority intervention?
1. Request that the nursing assistant repeat the pulse check
, 2. Call for a stat electrocardiogram (ECG)
3. Assess the patient's apical pulse and pulse deficit
4. Prepare to administer medications that stimulate the heart - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
A radial pulse of 44 is an critical value and requires further evaluation by the nurse.
Diminished peripheral pulse may indicate cardiac or vascular dysfunction, which can be
evaluated by assessing apical pulse and pulse deficit.
Which of the following patients is most at risk for tachycardia?
1. Healthy basketball player doing exercises at warm-up
2. A patient admitted with hypothermia
3. Patiënt with fever at 39,4° C (103° F)
4. A 90-year old male taking beta blockers - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Fever increases the metabolic rate about 10%, so heart rate increases to get rid of
excess heat. Hypothermia and beta blockers do the opposite-decreasing heart rate.
Conditioned, healthy athletes have lower resting heart rates as a result of training.
A patient is admitted with a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). She is unable to move
her right arm and has a right-sided facial droop. She is able to eat with her dentures in
place and swallow safely. The NAP informs you that the patient will not keep the oral
thermometer probe in her mouth. What do you tell the NAP?
1. Have the NAP hold the thermometer in place with her gloved hand
2. Have the NAP move the thermometer probe to the left sublingual pocket
3. Have the NAP take a right tympanic temperature
4. Have the NAP take a temporal artery temperature from right to left -
Complete Solutions!!
A 52-year-old female is admitted with dyspnea and left-sided chest discomfort with deep
breaths. She has smoked for 35 years and recently lost over 10 lbs. Her vital signs on
admission are: HR 112, BP 138/82, RR 22, tympanic temperature 36.8° C (98.2° F), and
oxygen saturation 94%. She is receiving oxygen at 2 L via a nasal cannula. Which of the
following vital signs reflects a positive outcome of the oxygen therapy?
1. Temperature: 37° C (98.6° F)
2. Radial pulse: 112
3. Respiratory rate: 24
4. Oxygen saturation: 96%
5. Blood pressure: 134/78 - ANSWER>>Answer 4.
Oxygen saturation is an assessment of oxygen perfusion. Respiratory rate assesses
ventilation, radial pulse and blood pressure assess the cardiovascular system and
temperature is an assessment of thermal regulation.
The LPN reports to you the change-of-shift vital signs for four of your patients. For which
patient will you perform your initial assessment?
1. An 84-year-old male was recently admitted with pneumonia, tachypneic at RR 28 and
with SpO2 89%
2. A 54-year-old post-operative female after admission for fractured arm, with BP 160/86
mm Hg, HR 72
3. A 63-year-old gentleman has diabetes-related venous ulcers, with temperature 37.3°
C (99.1° F), with tachycardia, HR 84
4. 77-year-old female, L mastectomy 2 days ago, RR 22, BP 148/62 - ANSWER>>Answer:
1.
SpO2 89% is a critical value and requires immediate attention. Other values require
,attention but are not life threatening.
A 55-year-old female patient was in a motor vehicle accident and is admitted to a
surgical unit after repair of a fractured left arm and left leg. She also has a laceration on
her forehead. An intravenous (IV) line is infusing in the right antecubital fossa, and
pneumatic compression stockings are on the right lower leg. She is receiving oxygen via
a simple face mask. Which sites would you direct the nursing assistant to use to obtain
the patient's blood pressure and temperature?
1. Right antecubital and tympanic membrane
2. Right popliteal and rectal
3. Left antecubital and oral
4. Left popliteal and temporal artery - ANSWER>>Answer: 1.
IV in right arm can be turned off while blood pressure is obtained. Blood pressure
should not be measured on fractured extremities that have compromised circulation.
Sequential stocking should remain on all the time while the patient is in bed to promote
blood flow in lower right extremity. The tympanic membrane temperature is not affected
by oxygen; to take an oral temperature, the oxygen would have to be removed.
Laceration to the forehead excludes temporal measurement. Rectal temperature is
invasive. The nurse is observing a nursing student take a blood pressure (BP) on a
patient. The nurse notices that the student very slowly deflates the cuff in an attempt to
hear the sounds. The patient's BP range over the past 24 hours has been 132/64 to
126/72 mm Hg. Which of the following BP readings made by the student is most likely
caused by an incorrect technique?
1. 96/40 mm Hg
2. 110/66 mm Hg
3. 130/90 mm Hg
4. 156/82 mm Hg - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Deflating the cuff too slowly will yield a false-high diastolic blood pressure.
,As you are obtaining the oxygen saturation on a 19-year-old college student with severe
asthma, you note that she has black nail polish on her nails. You remove the polish from
one nail and she asks you why her nail polish had to be removed. What is the best
response?
1. Nail polish attracts microorganisms and contaminates the finger sensor.
2. Nail polish increases oxygen saturation.
3. Nail polish interferes with sensor function.
4. Nail polish creates excessive heat in sensor probe. - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
The pigment in black nail polish affects light absorption and reflection.
A patient has been hospitalized for the past 48 hours with a fever of unknown origin. His
medical record reflects the following tympanic temperatures: 38.7° C (101.6° F) (0400),
36.6° C (97.9° F) (0800), 36.9° C (98.4° F) (1200), 37.6° C (99.6° F) (1600), and 38.3° C
(100.9° F) (2000). How would you describe this pattern of temperature measurements?
1. Usual range of circadian rhythm measurements
2. Sustained fever pattern
3. Intermittent fever pattern
4. Resolving fever pattern - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Temperature was elevated above acceptable range, returned to normal, and then
elevated.
A patient presents in the clinic with dizziness and fatigue. The nursing assistant reports
a slow but regular radial pulse of 44. What is your priority intervention?
1. Request that the nursing assistant repeat the pulse check
, 2. Call for a stat electrocardiogram (ECG)
3. Assess the patient's apical pulse and pulse deficit
4. Prepare to administer medications that stimulate the heart - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
A radial pulse of 44 is an critical value and requires further evaluation by the nurse.
Diminished peripheral pulse may indicate cardiac or vascular dysfunction, which can be
evaluated by assessing apical pulse and pulse deficit.
Which of the following patients is most at risk for tachycardia?
1. Healthy basketball player doing exercises at warm-up
2. A patient admitted with hypothermia
3. Patiënt with fever at 39,4° C (103° F)
4. A 90-year old male taking beta blockers - ANSWER>>Answer: 3.
Fever increases the metabolic rate about 10%, so heart rate increases to get rid of
excess heat. Hypothermia and beta blockers do the opposite-decreasing heart rate.
Conditioned, healthy athletes have lower resting heart rates as a result of training.
A patient is admitted with a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). She is unable to move
her right arm and has a right-sided facial droop. She is able to eat with her dentures in
place and swallow safely. The NAP informs you that the patient will not keep the oral
thermometer probe in her mouth. What do you tell the NAP?
1. Have the NAP hold the thermometer in place with her gloved hand
2. Have the NAP move the thermometer probe to the left sublingual pocket
3. Have the NAP take a right tympanic temperature
4. Have the NAP take a temporal artery temperature from right to left -
