English Grammar notes

Good Grammar: English Grammar
Made Easy




A self-study reference and practice book for learners of English

, Contents

Lesson ONE Key Terms……………………………………….………..2
Lesson TWO Sentence Types ………………………………………....5
Lesson THREE Parts of Speech ……………………………………....6
Lesson FOUR Nouns …………………………………………………...7
Lesson FIVE Adjectives…………………………………………………9
Lesson SIX Verbs…………………………………………………….....10
Lesson SEVEN Adverbs …………………………………………….....13
Lesson EIGHT Pronouns……………………………………………….14
Lesson NINE Conjunctions……………………………………………..15
Lesson TEN Prepositions ……………………………………………..17
Lesson ELEVEN Clauses ……………………………………………...18
Lesson TWELEVE 4 Main Conditionals ……………………………..21
Lesson THIRTEEN 4 Aspects………………………………………….22
Lesson FOURTEEN Tenses …………………………………………..23
Lesson FIFTEEN Cases………………………………………………..27




1

, Lesson 1 Key Terms

Syllable:
A unit of sounds in a word. Each syllable has at least one vowel sound.
 One-syllable words: cat, dog, hop
 Two-syllable words: but-ter, hap-py, win-ter
 Three-syllable words: ban-a-na, can-dy-corn


Cognates:
Words in two different languages which have similar meanings
 English ‘mother’ and Spanish ‘madre’
 English ‘night’ and German ‘Nacht’

Homophones:
Two words that have different spellings and different meanings but
sound the same
 to/too/two
 sea/see
 hear/here

Homographs:
Two words that look the same written down but have different meanings
 bow(v) and bow(n)
 tear(v) and tear(n)
 lead(v) and lead(n)

Hypernym:
A word that is used for the broad subject
 fruits
 drinks
 clothes

Hyponym:
A word that is used for the most specific subject
 apple/banana/pineapple
 shoes/socks/gloves
 grape juice/apple juice/pineapple juice




2