BIO 669 (FLUID ELECTROLYTE AND
NEURO) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE
Hypernatremia will result in:
A. Increase in BP and cell excitability
B. An increase in BP and decrease cell excitability
C. A decrease in BP and increase in cell excitability
D. A decrease in BP and decrease in cell excitability - ANSWER-A. Increase in BP and
cell excitability
___________ are small secreted intercellular signaling molecules that are responsible
for the inflammatory response.
A. Toll like receptors
B. Cytokines
C. Tissue factor
D. NOD-like receptors - ANSWER-B. Cytokines
Hypovolemic hyponatremia will in have all the following effects EXCEPT:
A. Swelling of the cells due to influx of water
B. Drop in ECF osmotic pressure
C. Tachycardia and decrease in urine output
D. Increased blood pressure/volume
" - ANSWER-D. Increased blood pressure/volume
Colloid osmotic pressure is the pressure created by
A. All ions and protein in that fluid
B. Only the ions in the fluid
C. Only the protein in the fluid
D. Only the ions that are not permeable - ANSWER-C. Only the protein in the fluid
The most common leukocyte and dominates in early inflammatory response -
ANSWER-Neutrophil
Interstitial fluid would be considered _____ fluid.
A. Intracellular
B. Extracellular
C. Synovial
D. Intravascular - ANSWER-B. Extracellular
The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system when activated will ultimately result in the
____ through effects on the kidneys.
, A. Loss of Na+ and water
B. Retention of Na, water and loss of K
C. Reduction in plasma oncotic pressure
D. Increase in plasma oncotic pressure - ANSWER-B. Retention of Na, water and loss
of K
C3a is capable of degranulation of most cells and rapidly inducing increase in
vasodilation and increase capillary permeability that it is an
A. Anaphylatoxin
B. Opsonin
C. Chemotactic factor
D. Angiogenic factor - ANSWER-A. Anaphylatoxin
Which of the following is NOT and example of active immunity
A. Protection from infection of an infant through breastfeeding
B. Previous vaccinations against measles
C. Previous infection with chicken pox
D. Recovery from the flu infection - ANSWER-A. Protection from infection of an infant
through breastfeeding
The law of mass action dictates that if CO2 levels in the tissue or blood rises the
equilibrium will shift toward - ANSWER-Increase levels of H+ and HCO3
Which of the following is NOT associated with chronic inflammation? - ANSWER-serous
exudate
When ________ is secreted, it prevents urination. When we drink alcohol, it reduces the
amount of this we secrete, thus causing us to produce more urine and urinate more
frequently. - ANSWER-ADH
Leukotrienes are similar to histamine in function but differ in that leukotrienes:
A. Cause an anti-inflammatory effect
B. Only affect immune cells
C. Effects start slow and last long
D. Don't involve the bronchi or bronchioles - ANSWER-C. Effects start slow and last
long
Bradykinin has effects that are most similar to those of
A. Fibrin
B. Histamine
C. C 1 inh
D. Tissue factor - ANSWER-B. Histamine
The effect of hypocalcemia on the neuromuscular system
A. Does not affect the neuromuscular system
B. Increased neuromuscular excitability
C. Decreased neuromuscular excitability
NEURO) EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE
Hypernatremia will result in:
A. Increase in BP and cell excitability
B. An increase in BP and decrease cell excitability
C. A decrease in BP and increase in cell excitability
D. A decrease in BP and decrease in cell excitability - ANSWER-A. Increase in BP and
cell excitability
___________ are small secreted intercellular signaling molecules that are responsible
for the inflammatory response.
A. Toll like receptors
B. Cytokines
C. Tissue factor
D. NOD-like receptors - ANSWER-B. Cytokines
Hypovolemic hyponatremia will in have all the following effects EXCEPT:
A. Swelling of the cells due to influx of water
B. Drop in ECF osmotic pressure
C. Tachycardia and decrease in urine output
D. Increased blood pressure/volume
" - ANSWER-D. Increased blood pressure/volume
Colloid osmotic pressure is the pressure created by
A. All ions and protein in that fluid
B. Only the ions in the fluid
C. Only the protein in the fluid
D. Only the ions that are not permeable - ANSWER-C. Only the protein in the fluid
The most common leukocyte and dominates in early inflammatory response -
ANSWER-Neutrophil
Interstitial fluid would be considered _____ fluid.
A. Intracellular
B. Extracellular
C. Synovial
D. Intravascular - ANSWER-B. Extracellular
The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system when activated will ultimately result in the
____ through effects on the kidneys.
, A. Loss of Na+ and water
B. Retention of Na, water and loss of K
C. Reduction in plasma oncotic pressure
D. Increase in plasma oncotic pressure - ANSWER-B. Retention of Na, water and loss
of K
C3a is capable of degranulation of most cells and rapidly inducing increase in
vasodilation and increase capillary permeability that it is an
A. Anaphylatoxin
B. Opsonin
C. Chemotactic factor
D. Angiogenic factor - ANSWER-A. Anaphylatoxin
Which of the following is NOT and example of active immunity
A. Protection from infection of an infant through breastfeeding
B. Previous vaccinations against measles
C. Previous infection with chicken pox
D. Recovery from the flu infection - ANSWER-A. Protection from infection of an infant
through breastfeeding
The law of mass action dictates that if CO2 levels in the tissue or blood rises the
equilibrium will shift toward - ANSWER-Increase levels of H+ and HCO3
Which of the following is NOT associated with chronic inflammation? - ANSWER-serous
exudate
When ________ is secreted, it prevents urination. When we drink alcohol, it reduces the
amount of this we secrete, thus causing us to produce more urine and urinate more
frequently. - ANSWER-ADH
Leukotrienes are similar to histamine in function but differ in that leukotrienes:
A. Cause an anti-inflammatory effect
B. Only affect immune cells
C. Effects start slow and last long
D. Don't involve the bronchi or bronchioles - ANSWER-C. Effects start slow and last
long
Bradykinin has effects that are most similar to those of
A. Fibrin
B. Histamine
C. C 1 inh
D. Tissue factor - ANSWER-B. Histamine
The effect of hypocalcemia on the neuromuscular system
A. Does not affect the neuromuscular system
B. Increased neuromuscular excitability
C. Decreased neuromuscular excitability
