Invitation to the Lifespan
nature correct answersthe influence of the genes that people inherit
nuture correct answersthe environmental influences that occur after
conception
epigenetics correct answersStudy of the many ways environment
alters genetic expression, beginning with methylation at conception
and continuing lifelong
differential susceptibility correct answersSensitivity to any particular
experience differs from one person to another because of the particular
genes each person has inherited, or what happened to that person years
earlier.
life-span perspective correct answersan approach to the study of human
development that takes into account all phases of life, from conception to
death
ecological-systems approach correct answersa perspective on human
development that considers all the influences from the various contexts of
development
cohort correct answersGroup defined by the shared age of its members
(Includes values, events, technologies, and culture)
socioeconomic status (SES) correct answersA person's position in society
as determined by income, wealth, occupation, education, place of
residence, and other factors
culture correct answersA system of shared beliefs, norms, behaviors, and
expectations that persist over time and prescribe social behavior and
assumptions
social construction correct answersan idea that is built on shared
perceptions, not on objective reality
difference-equals-deficit error correct answersMistaken belief that a
deviation from some norm is necessarily inferior to behavior or
characteristics that meet the standard.
ethnic group correct answerspeople whose ancestors were born in the same
region and who often share language, culture, and religion
race correct answersa group of people who are regarded by themselves or
by others as distinct from other groups on the basis of physical appearance
plasticity correct answersHuman traits can be molded, yet people maintain
identity
, dynamic-systems approach correct answersHuman development is viewed as
an ongoing, ever-changing interaction (between physical and emotional
thing, and between a person and its environment)
developmental theory correct answersA group of ideas, assumptions, and
generalizations that interpret and illuminate the thousands of observations
that have been made about human growth- provides a framework for
explaining the patterns and problems of development.
psychoanalytic theory: Freud and Erikson correct answersA theory of
human development that contends that irrational, unconscious drives
and motives underlie human behavior.
Behaviorism (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner) correct answersa theory of human
development that studies observable actions (learning theory)
social learning theory (Bandura) correct answerstheory that
emphasizes learning through observation of others and emphasizes
the influence of other people
cognitive theory (Piaget) correct answersA theory of human development
that focuses on changes in how people think over time. According to this
theory, our thoughts shape our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
information-processing theory correct answersThe idea that human
cognition and comprehension occurs step by step, similar to the way that
input, analysis, and output occur via computer.
evolutionary theory correct answersthe idea that many
current human emotions/impulses are a legacy from a
thousand years ago
germinal period correct answers(1st two weeks after conception): rapid cell
division and beginning of cell differentiation
implantation correct answersThe process by which the zygote attaches to
the uterine wall
When can a pregnancy be confirmed through blood or urine
testing? correct answersPregnancy can be confirmed by blood or
urine tests
only after implantation.
What percentage of natural conceptions fail to survive the zygote
stage? correct answers60% of natural conceptions fail to implant
embryo correct answersthe developing human organism from about 2
weeks after fertilization through the second month
nature correct answersthe influence of the genes that people inherit
nuture correct answersthe environmental influences that occur after
conception
epigenetics correct answersStudy of the many ways environment
alters genetic expression, beginning with methylation at conception
and continuing lifelong
differential susceptibility correct answersSensitivity to any particular
experience differs from one person to another because of the particular
genes each person has inherited, or what happened to that person years
earlier.
life-span perspective correct answersan approach to the study of human
development that takes into account all phases of life, from conception to
death
ecological-systems approach correct answersa perspective on human
development that considers all the influences from the various contexts of
development
cohort correct answersGroup defined by the shared age of its members
(Includes values, events, technologies, and culture)
socioeconomic status (SES) correct answersA person's position in society
as determined by income, wealth, occupation, education, place of
residence, and other factors
culture correct answersA system of shared beliefs, norms, behaviors, and
expectations that persist over time and prescribe social behavior and
assumptions
social construction correct answersan idea that is built on shared
perceptions, not on objective reality
difference-equals-deficit error correct answersMistaken belief that a
deviation from some norm is necessarily inferior to behavior or
characteristics that meet the standard.
ethnic group correct answerspeople whose ancestors were born in the same
region and who often share language, culture, and religion
race correct answersa group of people who are regarded by themselves or
by others as distinct from other groups on the basis of physical appearance
plasticity correct answersHuman traits can be molded, yet people maintain
identity
, dynamic-systems approach correct answersHuman development is viewed as
an ongoing, ever-changing interaction (between physical and emotional
thing, and between a person and its environment)
developmental theory correct answersA group of ideas, assumptions, and
generalizations that interpret and illuminate the thousands of observations
that have been made about human growth- provides a framework for
explaining the patterns and problems of development.
psychoanalytic theory: Freud and Erikson correct answersA theory of
human development that contends that irrational, unconscious drives
and motives underlie human behavior.
Behaviorism (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner) correct answersa theory of human
development that studies observable actions (learning theory)
social learning theory (Bandura) correct answerstheory that
emphasizes learning through observation of others and emphasizes
the influence of other people
cognitive theory (Piaget) correct answersA theory of human development
that focuses on changes in how people think over time. According to this
theory, our thoughts shape our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
information-processing theory correct answersThe idea that human
cognition and comprehension occurs step by step, similar to the way that
input, analysis, and output occur via computer.
evolutionary theory correct answersthe idea that many
current human emotions/impulses are a legacy from a
thousand years ago
germinal period correct answers(1st two weeks after conception): rapid cell
division and beginning of cell differentiation
implantation correct answersThe process by which the zygote attaches to
the uterine wall
When can a pregnancy be confirmed through blood or urine
testing? correct answersPregnancy can be confirmed by blood or
urine tests
only after implantation.
What percentage of natural conceptions fail to survive the zygote
stage? correct answers60% of natural conceptions fail to implant
embryo correct answersthe developing human organism from about 2
weeks after fertilization through the second month
