HS210 Exam 1 Guide Questions/Answer Graded A+
2025/2026
Open-ended questions - -Questions that evoke and elicit the patient's own motivation for
change
-Requires more than a yes or no answer
-Enables the patient to convey more information
-Encourages engagement
Affirmations - -Anything positive that can be pointed out
-Affirms a client's strengths and values
-Build a sense of self confidence
Reflections - -Reflect back the client's change talk
-I wish I could stop smoking
-Statements should communicate active listening, compassion, non judgemental
acceptance, and genuine caring
Summarizing - -Combined with reflective listening
-Done throughout interview and at the end
-Summarize change talk and the plan
Recognize the situations where Motivational Interviewing is useful. - -Ambivalence is
high
-Confidence is low
-Desire is low
-Importance is low
Ambivalence is high - People are stuck in mixed feelings about change
Confidence is low - People doubt their abilities to change
Desire is low - People are uncertain about whether they want to make a change
Importance is low - The benefits of change and disadvantages of the current situation
are unclear
Verbalize an open-ended question. - What comes to mind when thinking about quitting
smoking? How does you family feel about the situation?
Adverse event - -Harm that arises as a result of medical care
-Preventable adverse events - events that while not preventable, could have been less
harmful if care had been different
-Adverse events due to negligence - those due to care that falls below the standard of
care
, Near event - An occurrence, that if it had not been detected failure, would have resulted
Near event in surgery or invasive procedures example - Wrong patient, wrong
procedures, or wrong site surgery
Near event in products or devices example - Death or serious injury related to
contaminated drugs or devices, malfunctioning equipment
Near event in patient protection example - Discharge of a patient who is unable to make
decisions to an unauthorized person
Near event in care management example - Maternal death or serious injury of mother
and/or baby in a low risk delivery
Near event in environment example - Patient or staff death or serious injury associated
with an electric shock
Near event in radiology example - Death or serious injury of a patient or staff associated
with a metallic object in an MRI area
Near event that is a potential criminal event - Care provided by anyone impersonating a
licensed healthcare worker
Describe a Just Culture. - -Most errors are system flaws, but individuals should be held
accountable
-Errors are freely discussed and viewed as learning opportunities
Incident reporting - -An internal reporting system for front line staff to document unusual
occurrences
-It is voluntary and only as effective as the reporting practices
-Staff need to trust that the information will be used for improvement and not to blame
individuals
-Near misses bring even more value in preventing events
Examples of incidents reported - -Medication errors
-Patients falls
-Retained foreign bodies
-Misidentification of patients
-Pressure ulcers
Barriers to incident reporting - -Fear of blame or punishment
-No feedback on incident follow up
-Form too long; lack of time
-Incident seemed "trivial"
List the required elements of informed consent - -Nature of the procedure
2025/2026
Open-ended questions - -Questions that evoke and elicit the patient's own motivation for
change
-Requires more than a yes or no answer
-Enables the patient to convey more information
-Encourages engagement
Affirmations - -Anything positive that can be pointed out
-Affirms a client's strengths and values
-Build a sense of self confidence
Reflections - -Reflect back the client's change talk
-I wish I could stop smoking
-Statements should communicate active listening, compassion, non judgemental
acceptance, and genuine caring
Summarizing - -Combined with reflective listening
-Done throughout interview and at the end
-Summarize change talk and the plan
Recognize the situations where Motivational Interviewing is useful. - -Ambivalence is
high
-Confidence is low
-Desire is low
-Importance is low
Ambivalence is high - People are stuck in mixed feelings about change
Confidence is low - People doubt their abilities to change
Desire is low - People are uncertain about whether they want to make a change
Importance is low - The benefits of change and disadvantages of the current situation
are unclear
Verbalize an open-ended question. - What comes to mind when thinking about quitting
smoking? How does you family feel about the situation?
Adverse event - -Harm that arises as a result of medical care
-Preventable adverse events - events that while not preventable, could have been less
harmful if care had been different
-Adverse events due to negligence - those due to care that falls below the standard of
care
, Near event - An occurrence, that if it had not been detected failure, would have resulted
Near event in surgery or invasive procedures example - Wrong patient, wrong
procedures, or wrong site surgery
Near event in products or devices example - Death or serious injury related to
contaminated drugs or devices, malfunctioning equipment
Near event in patient protection example - Discharge of a patient who is unable to make
decisions to an unauthorized person
Near event in care management example - Maternal death or serious injury of mother
and/or baby in a low risk delivery
Near event in environment example - Patient or staff death or serious injury associated
with an electric shock
Near event in radiology example - Death or serious injury of a patient or staff associated
with a metallic object in an MRI area
Near event that is a potential criminal event - Care provided by anyone impersonating a
licensed healthcare worker
Describe a Just Culture. - -Most errors are system flaws, but individuals should be held
accountable
-Errors are freely discussed and viewed as learning opportunities
Incident reporting - -An internal reporting system for front line staff to document unusual
occurrences
-It is voluntary and only as effective as the reporting practices
-Staff need to trust that the information will be used for improvement and not to blame
individuals
-Near misses bring even more value in preventing events
Examples of incidents reported - -Medication errors
-Patients falls
-Retained foreign bodies
-Misidentification of patients
-Pressure ulcers
Barriers to incident reporting - -Fear of blame or punishment
-No feedback on incident follow up
-Form too long; lack of time
-Incident seemed "trivial"
List the required elements of informed consent - -Nature of the procedure
