The nurse is caring for an acutely ill client. What assessment finding should prompt the
nurse to inform the physician that the client may be exhibiting signs of acute kidney injury
(AKI)?
A. The client's average urine output has been 10 mL/hr for several hours.
B. The client reports an inability to initiate voiding.
C. The client's urine is cloudy with a foul odor.
,D. The client reports abdominal/flank pain.
Give this one a try later!
A. The client's average urine output has been 10 mL/hr for several hours.
Oliguria is the most common clinical situation seen in AKI. Flank pain and
inability to initiate voiding are not characteristic of AKI. Cloudy, foul-smelling
urine is suggestive of a urinary tract infection.
Patient with diabetes who has bacterial pneumonia is being treated with IV gentamicin.
What should nurse monitor for adverse effects of this medication?
A. Urine osmolality
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum creatinine
D. Blood glucose
Give this one a try later!
C. Serum creatinine
diabetic patients at higher risk of CKD. Gentamicin can be nephrotoxic,
priority to monitor renal function d/t high risk for renal toxicity.
The nurse is caring for a client who has a fluid volume deficit. When evaluating this
client's urinalysis results, what should the nurse anticipate?
,A. A fluctuating urine specific gravity
B. A fixed urine specific gravity
C. A decreased urine specific gravity
D. An increased urine specific gravity
Give this one a try later!
D. An increased urine specific gravity
Urine specific gravity depends largely on hydration status. A decrease in fluid
intake will lead to an increase in the urine specific gravity. With high fluid
intake, specific gravity decreases. In clients with kidney disease, urine specific
gravity does not vary with fluid intake, and the client's urine is said to have a
fixed specific gravity.
28yo male patient with T1DM reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control.
Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?
A. Patient goes for vigorous walk when his glucose is 200mg/dL
B. Patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise
C. Patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride
D. Patient increase daily exercise when ketones are present in urine
Give this one a try later!
, D. Patient increase daily exercise when ketones are present in urine
Type 1 think ketones and ketoacidosis.
If ketones present in urine, want to decrease exercise not increase. Avoid
exercise during periods of ketosis --> exercise can further increase glucose
levels --> further increase ketones
A 74yo patient who is progressing to stage 5 CKD asks nurse, "Do you think I should go
on dialysis?" Which initial response by nurse is best?
A. "It depends on which type of dialysis you are considering."
B. "Many people your age use dialysis and have a good quality of life."
C. "You are the only one who can make decisions about dialysis."
D. "Tell me more about what you are thinking regarding dialysis."
Give this one a try later!
D. "Tell me more about what you are thinking regarding dialysis."
A patient with acute renal failure is ordered to be on a fluid restriction of 1500 mL per
day. The nurse best plans to assist the patient with maintaining the restriction by:
A. Removing the water pitcher from the bedside
B. Using mouthwash with alcohol for mouth care
C. Prohibiting beverages with sugar to minimize thirst
nurse to inform the physician that the client may be exhibiting signs of acute kidney injury
(AKI)?
A. The client's average urine output has been 10 mL/hr for several hours.
B. The client reports an inability to initiate voiding.
C. The client's urine is cloudy with a foul odor.
,D. The client reports abdominal/flank pain.
Give this one a try later!
A. The client's average urine output has been 10 mL/hr for several hours.
Oliguria is the most common clinical situation seen in AKI. Flank pain and
inability to initiate voiding are not characteristic of AKI. Cloudy, foul-smelling
urine is suggestive of a urinary tract infection.
Patient with diabetes who has bacterial pneumonia is being treated with IV gentamicin.
What should nurse monitor for adverse effects of this medication?
A. Urine osmolality
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum creatinine
D. Blood glucose
Give this one a try later!
C. Serum creatinine
diabetic patients at higher risk of CKD. Gentamicin can be nephrotoxic,
priority to monitor renal function d/t high risk for renal toxicity.
The nurse is caring for a client who has a fluid volume deficit. When evaluating this
client's urinalysis results, what should the nurse anticipate?
,A. A fluctuating urine specific gravity
B. A fixed urine specific gravity
C. A decreased urine specific gravity
D. An increased urine specific gravity
Give this one a try later!
D. An increased urine specific gravity
Urine specific gravity depends largely on hydration status. A decrease in fluid
intake will lead to an increase in the urine specific gravity. With high fluid
intake, specific gravity decreases. In clients with kidney disease, urine specific
gravity does not vary with fluid intake, and the client's urine is said to have a
fixed specific gravity.
28yo male patient with T1DM reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control.
Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?
A. Patient goes for vigorous walk when his glucose is 200mg/dL
B. Patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise
C. Patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride
D. Patient increase daily exercise when ketones are present in urine
Give this one a try later!
, D. Patient increase daily exercise when ketones are present in urine
Type 1 think ketones and ketoacidosis.
If ketones present in urine, want to decrease exercise not increase. Avoid
exercise during periods of ketosis --> exercise can further increase glucose
levels --> further increase ketones
A 74yo patient who is progressing to stage 5 CKD asks nurse, "Do you think I should go
on dialysis?" Which initial response by nurse is best?
A. "It depends on which type of dialysis you are considering."
B. "Many people your age use dialysis and have a good quality of life."
C. "You are the only one who can make decisions about dialysis."
D. "Tell me more about what you are thinking regarding dialysis."
Give this one a try later!
D. "Tell me more about what you are thinking regarding dialysis."
A patient with acute renal failure is ordered to be on a fluid restriction of 1500 mL per
day. The nurse best plans to assist the patient with maintaining the restriction by:
A. Removing the water pitcher from the bedside
B. Using mouthwash with alcohol for mouth care
C. Prohibiting beverages with sugar to minimize thirst
