BIO 220 Exam 2 Study Guide: Latest Updated Solution: Guaranteed A+ Guide

Acute toxicity (Ans - When the toxic effect of single or multiple exposures to a chemical result in sudden adverse effects, usually within 14 days of administration. a) Establishing the health risks from acute toxicity is usually simpler and easier compared to chronic toxicity. Chronic toxicity (Ans - Occurs over a longer period and the adverse effects are less obvious. a) Establishing the health risks of chronic toxicity can be challenging because factors such as aging, exposure to other toxins, and infectious diseases make it difficult to accurately attribute the health risks associated with long-term exposure to a specific toxin. Effects of concentration toxicity (Ans - It is important to note that the occurrence of chemicals within an organism does not automatically suggest acute or chronic toxicity. With the incorporation of new technology in analytical instruments, scientists and researchers are able to detect chemicals at extremely low levels. The toxicity of chemicals, however, is dependent on the chemicalmakeup, the concentration, the bioavailability of chemicals in its matrix, and the receptor organism under exposure. Some organisms are more susceptible to lower levels than others. Biomagnification (Ans - a cell's ability to selectively absorb and store substances from its surroundings