NURS 1140 exam 2 Questions & Answers r r r r r r
Which antihistamine drugs are considered as most sedative? Select all that apply.
r r r r r r r r r r r
- Clemastine (Tavist), doxylamine (Unisom), and cyproheptadine (Periactin) are antihr r r r r r r r
istamine drugs that are highly sedative. Loratadine (Claritin) and desloratadine(Clarine
r r r r r r r r r r
x) are two of the least sedative antihistamine drugs.
r r r r r r r r
Which adverse effect would the nurse anticipate in a patient taking diphenhydramine?
r r r r r r r r r r r
- Urinary retention is a serious adverse effect of using antihistamines, especially first-
r r r r r r r r r r r
generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Hypertension is caused by
r r r r r r r r r r
excessive use of nasal decongestants. Nasal irritation is caused by the use of nasal cortico
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
steroids. Bronchospasm is an adverse effect of cromolyn, a potential mast cell stabilizer
r r r r r r r r r r r r
Which nasal decongestant is administered orally?
r r r r r
- Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a nasal decongestant that is given in tablet form.Lev r r r r r r r r r r r r
ocetirizine is an antihistamine. Oxymetazoline and phenylephrine (Neo-
r r r r r r r
Synephrine) are also decongestants that are given as solutions.
r r r r r r r r r
How many sprays is the maximum dose of cromolyn (NasalCrom) for treating allergicrhini
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
tis?
- Six sprays of cromolyn (NasalCrom) is the maximum dose to be administered in each
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nostril of a patient with allergic rhinitis. Eight sprays is the maximum dose of flunisolid
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
e, an intranasal corticosteroid. The maximum dose of triamcinolone (Nasacort AQ), an
r r r r r r r r r r r r
intranasal corticosteroid, is 4 sprays. Two sprays is the recommended adult dose of intra
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nasal corticosteroids such as ciclesonide (Omnaris)and fluticasone (Flonase).
r r r r r r r r
What is the primary reason for instructing patients to avoid overuse of nasaldecongestant sp
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
rays?
- Rebound swelling of the nasal passages occurs when nasal decongestant sprays areove
r r r r r r r r r r r r
rused. Although symptom relief occurs initially, later it is followed by a return ofnasal st
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
uffiness and other symptoms. The mucous membranes of the nose may become dry with
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
the use of decongestant sprays, but infection is rare. Decongestant sprays are topical; sig
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nificant systemic
b. Place the patient onabsorption
rrr does100%
a face mask delivering
r not occur.
r oxygen. The mucous
r r r r r r r r rr rr r r
,membranes of the nose may become dry with the use of decongestant sprays, butrelated
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
problems of significant cracking or bleeding are rare. r r r r r r r
Which condition may cause chronic rhinitis?
r r r r r
- A deviated nasal septum may lead to chronic rhinitis; also allergy, nonallergic perenni
r r r r r r r r r r r r
al rhinitis, chronic sinusitis. Bacterial infection, congestion caused by certaindrugs, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
presence of foreign bodies may cause acute rhinitis that subsides once thecausative facto
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
r is treated or removed
r r r r
Which drug inhibits antihypertensive activity when used concurrently with a nasaldeconge
r r r r r r r r r r r
stant?
- When methyldopa (Aldomet) is used concurrently with a nasal decongestant, the antihy
r r r r r r r r r r r
pertensive activity of methyldopa (Aldomet) is inhibited. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
r r r r r r r r r r
such as phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), and tranylcypromine(Parnate) en
r r r r r r r r r
hance the toxic effects of a nasal decongestant and result in hypertension.
r r r r r r r r r r r
What common adverse effect is associated with cromolyn (NasalCrom) andbe
r r r r r r r r r r
clomethasone (Beconase AQ) administration? r r r
- Nasal irritation is the common adverse effect associated with the administration of cro
r r r r r r r r r r r r
molyn (NasalCrom) and beclomethasone (Beconase AQ). Dry mouth and blurredvision
r r r r r r r r r r r
are associated with antihistamine drug therapy. Urinary retention is associatedwith nasa
r r r r r r r r r r r
l decongestant and antihistamine therapy.
r r r r
Which antihistamine has the least sedative effect?
r r r r r r
- Desloratadine (Clarinex) is an antihistamine drug with the smallest sedative effect. Cle r r r r r r r r r r r
mastine (Tavist), promethazine (Phenergan), and diphenhydramine (Benadryl) arehighl
r r r r r r r r
y sedative antihistamines.
r r
Reduction of which symptom is a therapeutic outcome of antihistamine drug therapy?Selec
r r r r r r r r r r r r
t all that apply.
r r r
- When antihistamines are administered, symptoms of lacrimation, rhinorrhea, itching,sn
r r r r r r r r r
eezing, and conjunctivitis are reduced. Sneezing is reduced when intranasal corticosteroi
r r r r r r r r r r
ds are administered. Nasal irritation is an adverse effect associated with administration of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
intranasal corticosteroids and decongestants. When nasal decongestants are used, nasal c
r r r r r r r r r r
b. Place the patient on a face mask delivering 100% oxygen.
ongestion is reduced.
rrr r
r
r
r
r r r r r r r
, Which drug is used as a part of the prophylactic management for asthma?
r r r r r r r r r r r r
- Cromolyn (NasalCrom) is used as a part of prophylactic management of asthma.Le
r r r r r r r r r r r r
vocetirizine (Xyzal) and phenylephrine are used to treat the common cold.
r r r r r r r r r r
Cetirizine should be used with caution in patients with asthma.
r r r r r r r r r
Which medication could cause a patient to report a stuffier nose and more congestionwithin
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
2 months of beginning therapy?
r r r r
- Overuse of topical decongestants may cause a rebound of nasal secretions known asrhi
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nitis medicamentosa. This condition may develop when short-
r r r r r r r
acting topical decongestants, such as phenylephrine, are used regularly for more than 3 w
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
eeks.
Olopatadine is an antihistamine that does not cause rhinitis medicamentosa. When long-
r r r r r r r r r r r
acting topical decongestants such as oxymetazoline and xylometazoline are used,rhinitis
r r r r r r r r r r r
medicamentosa may develop as early as 3 to 5 days r r r r r r r r r
Which drug requires knowledge of the patient's profession, before beingadministered?
r r r r r r r r r r
- Clemastine fumarate is an antihistamine that causes severe central nervous system depr
r r r r r r r r r r r
ession, sedation, and cognitive impairment. This drug should not be prescribed topatients
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
in professions that involve driving or working with heavy machinery.
r r r r r r r r r
Ciclesonide, mometasone, and budesonide are corticosteroids that may not causesed
r r r r r r r r r r
ation and are safer for patients in professions that involve driving or operatingheavy
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
machinery.
How long does it take for a patient to achieve the maximal effect of intranasalcorticosteroid
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
s after beginning therapy?
r r r
- Maximal effects of intranasal corticosteroids may not be evident for 2 weeks afterbeg
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
inning therapy. If symptoms do not improve within 3 weeks, therapy is discontinued.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Maximal effects from intranasal corticosteroids are not immediate.
r r r r r r r
Some improvement is noted within 3 days of starting the therapy; however, maximaleffects
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
are not achieved in a minimum of 3 days.
r r r r r r r r
Which action is associated with antihistamine therapy ?
r r r r r r r
- Reduction of lacrimation is a therapeutic outcome of antihistamine therapy. Antihist
r r r r r r r r r r
amines may not reduce the nasal congestion. Antihistamines do not preventthe histami
r r r r r r r r r r r r
b. Place the patient on a face mask delivering 100% oxygen.
ne release,
r but they reduce the symptoms of an allergic reaction if the concentration of t
rrr r
r
r
r
r r r
r
r r
r r
r r
r r r r r r r r r
he antihistamine exceeds the concentration of histamine at the
r r r r r r r r
Which antihistamine drugs are considered as most sedative? Select all that apply.
r r r r r r r r r r r
- Clemastine (Tavist), doxylamine (Unisom), and cyproheptadine (Periactin) are antihr r r r r r r r
istamine drugs that are highly sedative. Loratadine (Claritin) and desloratadine(Clarine
r r r r r r r r r r
x) are two of the least sedative antihistamine drugs.
r r r r r r r r
Which adverse effect would the nurse anticipate in a patient taking diphenhydramine?
r r r r r r r r r r r
- Urinary retention is a serious adverse effect of using antihistamines, especially first-
r r r r r r r r r r r
generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Hypertension is caused by
r r r r r r r r r r
excessive use of nasal decongestants. Nasal irritation is caused by the use of nasal cortico
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
steroids. Bronchospasm is an adverse effect of cromolyn, a potential mast cell stabilizer
r r r r r r r r r r r r
Which nasal decongestant is administered orally?
r r r r r
- Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a nasal decongestant that is given in tablet form.Lev r r r r r r r r r r r r
ocetirizine is an antihistamine. Oxymetazoline and phenylephrine (Neo-
r r r r r r r
Synephrine) are also decongestants that are given as solutions.
r r r r r r r r r
How many sprays is the maximum dose of cromolyn (NasalCrom) for treating allergicrhini
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
tis?
- Six sprays of cromolyn (NasalCrom) is the maximum dose to be administered in each
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nostril of a patient with allergic rhinitis. Eight sprays is the maximum dose of flunisolid
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
e, an intranasal corticosteroid. The maximum dose of triamcinolone (Nasacort AQ), an
r r r r r r r r r r r r
intranasal corticosteroid, is 4 sprays. Two sprays is the recommended adult dose of intra
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nasal corticosteroids such as ciclesonide (Omnaris)and fluticasone (Flonase).
r r r r r r r r
What is the primary reason for instructing patients to avoid overuse of nasaldecongestant sp
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
rays?
- Rebound swelling of the nasal passages occurs when nasal decongestant sprays areove
r r r r r r r r r r r r
rused. Although symptom relief occurs initially, later it is followed by a return ofnasal st
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
uffiness and other symptoms. The mucous membranes of the nose may become dry with
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
the use of decongestant sprays, but infection is rare. Decongestant sprays are topical; sig
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nificant systemic
b. Place the patient onabsorption
rrr does100%
a face mask delivering
r not occur.
r oxygen. The mucous
r r r r r r r r rr rr r r
,membranes of the nose may become dry with the use of decongestant sprays, butrelated
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
problems of significant cracking or bleeding are rare. r r r r r r r
Which condition may cause chronic rhinitis?
r r r r r
- A deviated nasal septum may lead to chronic rhinitis; also allergy, nonallergic perenni
r r r r r r r r r r r r
al rhinitis, chronic sinusitis. Bacterial infection, congestion caused by certaindrugs, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
presence of foreign bodies may cause acute rhinitis that subsides once thecausative facto
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
r is treated or removed
r r r r
Which drug inhibits antihypertensive activity when used concurrently with a nasaldeconge
r r r r r r r r r r r
stant?
- When methyldopa (Aldomet) is used concurrently with a nasal decongestant, the antihy
r r r r r r r r r r r
pertensive activity of methyldopa (Aldomet) is inhibited. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
r r r r r r r r r r
such as phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), and tranylcypromine(Parnate) en
r r r r r r r r r
hance the toxic effects of a nasal decongestant and result in hypertension.
r r r r r r r r r r r
What common adverse effect is associated with cromolyn (NasalCrom) andbe
r r r r r r r r r r
clomethasone (Beconase AQ) administration? r r r
- Nasal irritation is the common adverse effect associated with the administration of cro
r r r r r r r r r r r r
molyn (NasalCrom) and beclomethasone (Beconase AQ). Dry mouth and blurredvision
r r r r r r r r r r r
are associated with antihistamine drug therapy. Urinary retention is associatedwith nasa
r r r r r r r r r r r
l decongestant and antihistamine therapy.
r r r r
Which antihistamine has the least sedative effect?
r r r r r r
- Desloratadine (Clarinex) is an antihistamine drug with the smallest sedative effect. Cle r r r r r r r r r r r
mastine (Tavist), promethazine (Phenergan), and diphenhydramine (Benadryl) arehighl
r r r r r r r r
y sedative antihistamines.
r r
Reduction of which symptom is a therapeutic outcome of antihistamine drug therapy?Selec
r r r r r r r r r r r r
t all that apply.
r r r
- When antihistamines are administered, symptoms of lacrimation, rhinorrhea, itching,sn
r r r r r r r r r
eezing, and conjunctivitis are reduced. Sneezing is reduced when intranasal corticosteroi
r r r r r r r r r r
ds are administered. Nasal irritation is an adverse effect associated with administration of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
intranasal corticosteroids and decongestants. When nasal decongestants are used, nasal c
r r r r r r r r r r
b. Place the patient on a face mask delivering 100% oxygen.
ongestion is reduced.
rrr r
r
r
r
r r r r r r r
, Which drug is used as a part of the prophylactic management for asthma?
r r r r r r r r r r r r
- Cromolyn (NasalCrom) is used as a part of prophylactic management of asthma.Le
r r r r r r r r r r r r
vocetirizine (Xyzal) and phenylephrine are used to treat the common cold.
r r r r r r r r r r
Cetirizine should be used with caution in patients with asthma.
r r r r r r r r r
Which medication could cause a patient to report a stuffier nose and more congestionwithin
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
2 months of beginning therapy?
r r r r
- Overuse of topical decongestants may cause a rebound of nasal secretions known asrhi
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nitis medicamentosa. This condition may develop when short-
r r r r r r r
acting topical decongestants, such as phenylephrine, are used regularly for more than 3 w
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
eeks.
Olopatadine is an antihistamine that does not cause rhinitis medicamentosa. When long-
r r r r r r r r r r r
acting topical decongestants such as oxymetazoline and xylometazoline are used,rhinitis
r r r r r r r r r r r
medicamentosa may develop as early as 3 to 5 days r r r r r r r r r
Which drug requires knowledge of the patient's profession, before beingadministered?
r r r r r r r r r r
- Clemastine fumarate is an antihistamine that causes severe central nervous system depr
r r r r r r r r r r r
ession, sedation, and cognitive impairment. This drug should not be prescribed topatients
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
in professions that involve driving or working with heavy machinery.
r r r r r r r r r
Ciclesonide, mometasone, and budesonide are corticosteroids that may not causesed
r r r r r r r r r r
ation and are safer for patients in professions that involve driving or operatingheavy
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
machinery.
How long does it take for a patient to achieve the maximal effect of intranasalcorticosteroid
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
s after beginning therapy?
r r r
- Maximal effects of intranasal corticosteroids may not be evident for 2 weeks afterbeg
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
inning therapy. If symptoms do not improve within 3 weeks, therapy is discontinued.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Maximal effects from intranasal corticosteroids are not immediate.
r r r r r r r
Some improvement is noted within 3 days of starting the therapy; however, maximaleffects
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
are not achieved in a minimum of 3 days.
r r r r r r r r
Which action is associated with antihistamine therapy ?
r r r r r r r
- Reduction of lacrimation is a therapeutic outcome of antihistamine therapy. Antihist
r r r r r r r r r r
amines may not reduce the nasal congestion. Antihistamines do not preventthe histami
r r r r r r r r r r r r
b. Place the patient on a face mask delivering 100% oxygen.
ne release,
r but they reduce the symptoms of an allergic reaction if the concentration of t
rrr r
r
r
r
r r r
r
r r
r r
r r
r r r r r r r r r
he antihistamine exceeds the concentration of histamine at the
r r r r r r r r
