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Exam (elaborations)

PEDS Exam 1 NCLEX style questions and Verified Rationalized Answers

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Uploaded on
January 30, 2025
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Written in
2024/2025
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  • peds exam study guide

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PEDS Exam 1 NCLEX style questions and Verified Rationalized Answers



1. To establish a good interview relationship with an adolescent, which strat-
y y y y y y y y y y



egy is most appropriate?
y y y y




1. Asking personal questions unrelated to the situation
y y y y y y



2. Writing down everything the teen says y y y y y



3. Asking open-ended questions y y



4. Discussing the nurse's own thoughts and feelings about the situation: 3. Asking open-
y y y y y y y y y y y y



ended questions y




RATIONALE: Open- y



ended questions allow the adolescent to share information and feelings. Asking personal quest
y y y y y y y y y y y y



ions not related to the situation jeopardizes the trust that must be established because the ad
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



olescent may feel as though he's being interrogated with unnecessary questions. Writing every
y y y y y y y y y y y y



thing down during the interview can be a distraction and doesn't allow the nurse to observe ho
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



w the adolescent behaves. Discussing the nurse's thoughts and feelings may bias the assess
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



ment and is inappropriate when interviewing any client
y y y y y y y



2. A chronically ill school-age child is most vulnerable to which stressor?
y y y y y y y y y y




1. Mutilation anxiety y



2. Anticipatory grief y



3. Anxiety over school absences y y y



4. Fear of hospital procedures: 3. Anxiety over school absences
y y y y y y y y




RATIONALE: The school-age child is becoming industrious and attempts to master school-
y y y y y y y y y y y



related activities. Therefore, school absences are likely to cause extreme anxiety for a school-
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



age child who's chronically ill. Mutilation anxiety is more com-
y y y y y y y y y



mon in adolescents. Anticipatory grief is rare in a school-
y y y y y y y y y y



age child. Fear of hospital procedures is most pronounced in preschool-age children.
y y y y y y y y y y y




1y/y27

,3. When developing a care plan for an adolescent, the nurse considers the child's psycho
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



social needs. During adolescence, psychosocial development focuses on:
y y y y y y y




1. becoming industrious.
y



2. establishing an identity. y y



3. achieving intimacy. y



4. developing initiative.: 2. establishing an identity.
y y y y y




RATIONALE: According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task during adoles-
y y y y y y y y y



cence is to establish a personal identity while overcoming role or identity confusion.
y y y y y y y y y y y y y




2y/y27

, The adolescent attempts to establish a group identity by seeking acceptance and approval fro
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



m peers, and strives to attain a personal identity by becoming more independent from his famil
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



y. Becoming industrious is the developmental task of the school-
y y y y y y y y y



age child; achieving intimacy is the task of the young adult; and developing initiative is the task
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



of the preschooler.
y y



4. A nurse notes that an infant develops arm movement before fine-motor fin-
y y y y y y y y y y y



ger skills and interprets this as an example of which pattern of development?
y y y y y y y y y y y y y




1. Cephalocaudal
2. Proximodistal
3. Differentiation
4. Mass-to-specific: 2. Proximodistal y y




RATIONALE: Proximodistal development progresses from the center of the body to the extremiti
y y y y y y y y y y y y



es, such as from the arm to the fingers. Cephalocaudal development occurs along the body's l
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



ong axis; for example, the infant develops control over
y y y y y y y y



the head, mouth, and eye movements before the upper body, torso, and legs. Mass-to-
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



specific development, sometimes called differentiation, occurs as the child masters simple op
y y y y y y y y y y y



erations before complex functions and moves from broad, general patterns of behavior to more r
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



efined ones. y



5. A teenage mother brings her 1-year-old child to the pediatrician's office for a well-
y y y y y y y y y y y y y



baby checkup. She says that her infant can't sit alone or roll over. An appropriate response
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



by the nurse would be:
y y y y




1. "This is very abnormal.Your child must be sick."
y y y y y y y y



2. "Let's see about further developmental testing."
y y y y y



3. "Don't worry, this is normal for her age." y y y y y y y



4. "Maybe you just haven't seen her do it.": ."Let's see about further developmen- tal testing."
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




RATIONALE: Stating that further developmental testing is necessary is appropriate because at a
y y y y y y y y y y y y



ge 12 months a child should be sitting up and rolling over.Therefore, this child may have developm
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



ental problems. Saying the infant's behavior is abnormal or suggesting that the mother hasn't s
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y



3y/y27

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