Final exam BIOD 121 Study Guide Questions With
Reviewed Answers Latest 2025/2026 GRADED A+
100% COMPLETE
1. What is the difference between hunger and appetite?: Hunger: Internal drive
f f f f f f f f f f
that prompts negative sensations for us to find food and eat
f f f f f f f f f f
Appetite:External drive that is a positive sensation;a desire to consume specific foods.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
2. List two examples of Cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits
f f f f f f f f f f f f
and comment on your personal experience with each of them.: Habits, Comfort foo
f f f f f f f f f f f f
ds, Advertising, Social Factors, NutritionalValue
f f f f f
3. 1. is the internal drive to find and eat food. Often experi-
f f f f f f f f f f
f enced as a 2. f f f sensation.: 1.Hunger f f
2.negative
f
4. Vitamins are considered both: f f f
a. Macronutrients and Inorganic f f
b. Macronutrients and Organic f f
c. Micronutrients and Organic f f
d. Micronutrients and Inorganic:b.Macronutrients and Organic f f f f f f
5. Define macronutrients: nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
f f f f f f f f f
6. If a fudge brownie has 14 grams of carbohydrates, 2 gram of protein and 9 gram
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
s of fat. How many calories are in the brownie?: 14 x 4 = 56
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
2x 4=8
f f f f
9 x 9 = 81
f f f f
1f/f42
,56 + 8 + 81 = 145 calories
f f f f f f f
7. The current recommendation to maintain your body weight is 2000 calories dail
f f f f f f f f f f f
y.You should not consume any more than 65% of your calories from car-
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f bohydrates.How many grams of carbohydrates should you eat in a day?: 325 gra
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ms
(2000 x .65 = 1300) f f f f
1300 calories / 4 = 325 grams of carbs
f f f f f f f f
8. 1. The state of f f f
nutrition can be achieved by eating a variety of foods which provide all the e
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ssential nutrients. f
2. Malnutrition can either be a nutritional state of
f f f f f f f f or
f nutrition.: 1.desirable f f
2.A.over B.under
f f f f
2f/f42
,9. An individual's health can be assessed using the ABCDEs of nutritional
f f f f f f f f f f
assessment. Give a brief description of what A stands for.:Anthropometrics- f f f f f f f f f f
f measurements of body composition such as height and weight f f f f f f f f
10. According to MyPlate, what types of food should we increase in our diet f f f f f f f f f f f f
?: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
f f f f f f f
11. Based on the nutritional label shown below,how many calories would you con
f f f f f f f f f f f f
sume if you ate the entire container of macaroni and cheese?:250calories per servi
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ng x 2 servings per container = 500 calories
f f f f f f f f
12. Specific parts of the GI tract include the f f f f f f f (A)
, esophagus, stomach,
f f (B)
, large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver,
f f f f f f f f f f (C)
and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the GI tract.: A.m
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
outh
B. small intestine f
C. gallbladder
13. Explain the cause and symptoms of heartburn.: Heartburn is a burning sensat
f f f f f f f f f f f
ion in the esophagus due to an improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach aci
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ds to enter into the esophagus.
f f f f f
14. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discu f f f f f f f f f f f f
ssed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions:
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the e
f f f f f f f f f f f f
sophagus.
Thepyloricsphinctercontrolsthereleaseofchymeintothesmallintestinesfromthe stoma
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ch.
3f/f42
, Theileocecalsphincterpreventsthecontentsofthelargeintestinefromenteringthe small
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
intestine.
15. Define the role of enzymes in digestion.
f f f f f f
Are enzymes an example of the chemical or mechanical process of diges-
f f f f f f f f f f f
f tion?: Enzymes role is to breakdown food particles into smaller parts and readies the nu
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
trients for absorption.Enzymes are an example of chemical digestion.
f f f f f f f f f
16. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, p
f f f f f f f
olysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions.
f f f f f f f f
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber f
d. Soluble Fiber f
e. Functional Fiber f
4f/f42
Reviewed Answers Latest 2025/2026 GRADED A+
100% COMPLETE
1. What is the difference between hunger and appetite?: Hunger: Internal drive
f f f f f f f f f f
that prompts negative sensations for us to find food and eat
f f f f f f f f f f
Appetite:External drive that is a positive sensation;a desire to consume specific foods.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
2. List two examples of Cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits
f f f f f f f f f f f f
and comment on your personal experience with each of them.: Habits, Comfort foo
f f f f f f f f f f f f
ds, Advertising, Social Factors, NutritionalValue
f f f f f
3. 1. is the internal drive to find and eat food. Often experi-
f f f f f f f f f f
f enced as a 2. f f f sensation.: 1.Hunger f f
2.negative
f
4. Vitamins are considered both: f f f
a. Macronutrients and Inorganic f f
b. Macronutrients and Organic f f
c. Micronutrients and Organic f f
d. Micronutrients and Inorganic:b.Macronutrients and Organic f f f f f f
5. Define macronutrients: nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
f f f f f f f f f
6. If a fudge brownie has 14 grams of carbohydrates, 2 gram of protein and 9 gram
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
s of fat. How many calories are in the brownie?: 14 x 4 = 56
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
2x 4=8
f f f f
9 x 9 = 81
f f f f
1f/f42
,56 + 8 + 81 = 145 calories
f f f f f f f
7. The current recommendation to maintain your body weight is 2000 calories dail
f f f f f f f f f f f
y.You should not consume any more than 65% of your calories from car-
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
f bohydrates.How many grams of carbohydrates should you eat in a day?: 325 gra
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ms
(2000 x .65 = 1300) f f f f
1300 calories / 4 = 325 grams of carbs
f f f f f f f f
8. 1. The state of f f f
nutrition can be achieved by eating a variety of foods which provide all the e
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ssential nutrients. f
2. Malnutrition can either be a nutritional state of
f f f f f f f f or
f nutrition.: 1.desirable f f
2.A.over B.under
f f f f
2f/f42
,9. An individual's health can be assessed using the ABCDEs of nutritional
f f f f f f f f f f
assessment. Give a brief description of what A stands for.:Anthropometrics- f f f f f f f f f f
f measurements of body composition such as height and weight f f f f f f f f
10. According to MyPlate, what types of food should we increase in our diet f f f f f f f f f f f f
?: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
f f f f f f f
11. Based on the nutritional label shown below,how many calories would you con
f f f f f f f f f f f f
sume if you ate the entire container of macaroni and cheese?:250calories per servi
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ng x 2 servings per container = 500 calories
f f f f f f f f
12. Specific parts of the GI tract include the f f f f f f f (A)
, esophagus, stomach,
f f (B)
, large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver,
f f f f f f f f f f (C)
and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the GI tract.: A.m
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
outh
B. small intestine f
C. gallbladder
13. Explain the cause and symptoms of heartburn.: Heartburn is a burning sensat
f f f f f f f f f f f
ion in the esophagus due to an improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach aci
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ds to enter into the esophagus.
f f f f f
14. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discu f f f f f f f f f f f f
ssed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions:
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the e
f f f f f f f f f f f f
sophagus.
Thepyloricsphinctercontrolsthereleaseofchymeintothesmallintestinesfromthe stoma
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
ch.
3f/f42
, Theileocecalsphincterpreventsthecontentsofthelargeintestinefromenteringthe small
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
intestine.
15. Define the role of enzymes in digestion.
f f f f f f
Are enzymes an example of the chemical or mechanical process of diges-
f f f f f f f f f f f
f tion?: Enzymes role is to breakdown food particles into smaller parts and readies the nu
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
trients for absorption.Enzymes are an example of chemical digestion.
f f f f f f f f f
16. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, p
f f f f f f f
olysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions.
f f f f f f f f
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber f
d. Soluble Fiber f
e. Functional Fiber f
4f/f42
