BIOL 235 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS WITH THE LATEST AND UPDATED SCORE

BIOL 235 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS WITH THE LATEST
AND UPDATED SCORE.

Between the origin and insertion which is usually located proximally in limbs ?-- Correct
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Answer ✔✔ Origin __ __




What happens during REVERSE MUSCLE ACTION?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ specific
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movements of the body the actions are reversed THEREFOR the positions of the origin
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and insertion of a muscle are switched
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What is a mechanical advantage using the example of a lever?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ if
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the load is closer to the fulcrum and the effort is farther from the fulcrum only a small
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about of effort is needed to move the load
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Bones serve as levers and joints serve as ________ for the lever-- Correct Answer ✔✔
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fulcrum

Agonist (Prime Movers) _________ muscles while antagonist ____________ muscles-
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- Correct Answer ✔✔ contract, relax
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What are muscles that contract and stabilize the intermediate joints called?-- Correct
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Answer ✔✔ synergists __ __




What is a group of skeletal muscles, their blood vessels, and nerves called?-- Correct
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Answer ✔✔ Compartment __ __




Origin an insertion of the masseter-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Origin = maxilla and
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zygomatic arch __




Insertion = angle and ramus of the mandible
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,What is the origin of the deltoid ?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ acromial extremity of clavicle,
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acromion, and spine of scapula __ __ __ __




What are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring ?-- Correct Answer ✔✔
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semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris __ __ __




What 4 muscles make up the Quads ?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ rectus femoris, vastus
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lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis
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What do you call a small mass of nervous tissue that is made up primarily of neuron cell
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bodies?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Ganglia
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The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to ________ muscles-- Correct
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Answer ✔✔ skeletal __ __




Fight or Flight is associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system?--
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Correct Answer ✔✔ Sympathetic
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What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into an action potential?--
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Correct Answer ✔✔ electrical excitability
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What type of neurons usually have several dendrite and on axon , and are norm ally
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found in brain and spinal cord as well as motor neurons?-- Correct Answer ✔✔
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Multipolar

What type of neurons have one main dendrite and one axon as well as are primarily
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found in the retina of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory area of brain?-- Correct
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Answer ✔✔ Bipolar __ __




What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon that are fused together to form a
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continuous process that emerges from the cell body?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Unipolar or
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Pseudounipolar
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The processes of ________ make contact with blood capillaries, neurons, and the pia
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mater-- Correct Answer ✔✔ astrocytes
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, What neuroglia has these functions?
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1. Contain microfilaments that give them strength and allow them to support neurons
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2. Contributes to the effectiveness of BBB
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3.in embryo, they secret chemicals that regulate things
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4. Help maintain an appropriate chemical environment for nerve impulse generation
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5. Play a role in hearing and memory-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Astrocytes
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What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller and contain fewer processes as well
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as are responsible for forming and maintaining myelin sheath?-- Correct Answer ✔✔
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Oligodendrocytes

What neuroglia are small cells with slender processes that give them a spine like
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projections as well as act as phagocytes?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Microglial Cells
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What type of neuroglia cells are cuboidal and columnar arranged in a single layer that
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possess microvilli and cilia? They produce and possibly monitor and assist in the
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circulation of CSF-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Ependymal Cells
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What are the 2 types of neuroglia in the PNS?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Schwann and
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satellite cells __




What type of motor neuron directly supplies skeletal muscle fibers?-- Correct Answer
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✔✔ lower motor neurons
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What do all of these factors contribute to?
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1. Unequal distribution of ions in the ECF and cytosol
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2. Inability of most anions to leave the cells
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3. Electrogenic nature of the sodium potassium atpases-- Correct Answer ✔✔ Resting
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membrane potential __




Hyperpolarized cells are _______ negative inside ?-- Correct Answer ✔✔ More __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __