The Commission on Higher Education
m m m m
inmcollaborationmwithmthemPhilippinemNormal mUniversity
Teaching Guide for Senior High School
m m m m m
PHYSICAL SCIENCE m
CORE SUBJECT
m
Thism Teaching m Guide m was m collaboratively m developed m and m revie
wedm bym educators m fromm public m and m private m schools, m colleges, m
andm universities. m We m encourage m teachers m and m otherm education m
stakeholders m tom emailm their m feedback,m comments, m andm recommen
dations m tom them Commission m onm Higher m Education,m K m to m 12 mTransi
tionmProgram m Management m Unit m -
mSenior m H igh m School m Support m T eamm at m k12 @ched.gov.ph. m Wem v
aluem your m feedback m and m recommendations.
, Development mTeam
TeammLeader: mJosemPericomH.mEsguerra,mPh.D.
Writers
Chemistry mPart: mGianmKarlomR.mDapul,mMariamKristina
This mTeachingmGuidembymthemComm
mSalazar
ission monmHighermEducation mis mlicen
Physics mPart: mJohnrobmY.mBantang,mPh.D. sed munderma mCreativemCommonsm
TechnicalmEditors: mNathanielmP.mHermosa,mPh.D.,mCl Attribution-mNonCommercial-
ShareAlikem4.0mInternational mLice
arisamC.mAvila
nse. mThis mmeans myoumare mfree mto:
PublishedmbymthemCommissionmonmHighermEducation,m2016 Copyreader: mRuthmSantos Sharem—
Chairperson: mPatriciam B.mLicuanan,m Ph.D. Illustrator: mKristellemAdelinemC.mRamos mcopymand mredistribute mthe mmateri
Commissionm onm Higherm Education alminmanymmedium mormformatmAda
ptm—
Kmtom12mTransitionmProgrammManagementmUnit
mremix, mtransform, mand mbuild mupo
Officem Address: m 4thm Floor,m Commissionm onm Higherm Education,
SeniormHighmSchool mSupport mTeam nmthe mmaterial.
C.P.mGarciamAve.,mDiliman,mQuezonmCity CHEDm Km to m 12m Transitionm Programm Management m Uni The mlicensor, mCHED, mcannotmrevoke
Telefax: m(02)m441-0927m/mE-mailmAddress: t mthese mfreedomsmas mlong mas myou mf
ollowmthe mlicensemterms. mHowever,
ProgrammDirector: mKarolmMark mR.mYee
mundermthe mfollowing mterms:mAttrib
LeadmformSeniormHighmSchoolmSupport: utionm—
Consultants GersonmM.mAbesamis mYou mmustmgive mappropriatemcredit,
THISMPROJECT MWASMDEVELOPED MWITH MTHEMPHILIPPINEMN ORMALMUNIVERSITY. mprovide ma mlinkmto mthemlicense,mand
Coursem Development m Officers: mindicate mifmchangesmweremmade. mY
University mPresident: mEstermB.mOgena,mPh.D.
JohnmCarlomP.mFernando,mDaniemSonmD.mGonzalvo,m oummaymdo msominmanymreasonable m
VPm form Academics: m Ma.m Antoinettem C.m Montealegre,m Ph.D.
Stanley mErnestmG .mYu manner, mbutmnotminmanymwaymthatm
VPmformUniversitymRelationsm&mAdvancement:mRosemarievicmV.mDiaz,mPh suggestsmthemlicensormendorses myo
.D. LeadmformPolicy mAdvocacy mandmCommunications: umormyourmuse.
Ma.mCynthiamRosemB.mBautista,mPh.D.,mCHED AverillmM.mPizarro NonCommercial m—
mYou mmaymnotmusemthemmaterial mform
BienvenidomF.mNebres,mS.J.,mPh.D.,mAteneomdemManilamUniversit TeachermTrainingmOfficers:
commercial m purposes.
y mCarmelamC.mOracion,mPh.D.,mAt eneom demManilam University m Ma.mTheresamC.mCarlos,mMylenemE.mDones
ShareAlikem—
MinellamC.mAlarcon,m Ph.D.,m CHED Monitoringm andm Evaluationm Officer: mIfmyou mremix, mtransform, mormbuild m
GarethmPrice,mSheffieldmHallammUniversity RobertmAdrianmN .mDaulat upon mthe mmaterial, myoummustmdistri
StuartmBevins,mPh.D.,mSheffieldmHallammUniversity bute myourmcontributions mundermthe ms
Administrativem Officers: ame mlicense mas mthe moriginal.
Ma.mLeanamPaulamB.mBato,mKevinmRossmD.mNera,mAlli
sonmA.mDanao,mAy henmL oissemB.mDalena
Printed minmthemPhilippines mby mEC-
TEC mCommercial,mNo.m32mSt.m LouismCompoundm7,mBaesa,mQu
ezonmCity,
,Introduction
Asm them Commissionm supports m DepEd’s m implementationm ofm Senior m High m Schoolm (SHS), m itm upholds m the m visio
nm andmmissionmofmthemKmtom12mprogram,mstatedminmSectionm2mofmRepublicmActm10533,mormthemEnhanced
mBasicmEducationm Act m of m 2013,m thatm “every m graduate m of m basic m educationm be m an m empowered m individual, m thr
oughm am programmrootedmon...themcompetencemtomengageminmworkmandmbemproductive,mthemabilitymtomc
oexistminm fruitfulm harmonym withm localm andm globalm communities,m them capabilitym to m engage m in m creative m andm
criticalm thinking,mandmthemcapacitymandmwillingnessmtomtransformmothersmandm oneself.”
Tom accomplish m this,m them Commission m partneredm with m the m Philippinem Normalm Universitym (PNU), m the m Nation
alm CentermformTeacherm Education,mtom developmTeachingmGuidesmformCoursesmofmSHS.mTogethermwithmPN
U,mthismTeaching m Guide m was m studied m andm reviewedm bym education m andm pedagogym experts,m and m was m enhan
cedm withm appropriatemmethodologiesmandmstrategies.
Furthermore,m them Commissionm believes m thatm teachers m are m the m mostm importantm partners m inm attainingm this m
goal.m Incorporated m inm this m Teachingm Guidem ism am framework m thatm willm guide m themm in m creating m lessons m andm
assessmentm tools,m supportm themm in m facilitatingm activities m and m questions, m and m assistm themm towards m deeper
m content mareas mandmcompetencies. mThus, mthemintroductionmof mthemSHS mformSHS mFramework.
Them SHSm form SHSm Framework,m which m stands m form “Saysay-Husay-
Sarilim form Seniorm High m School,” m is m at m the m core m ofm this m book. m Them lessons, m whichm combine m high-
SHS for SHS
m m m
qualitym contentm with m flexible m elements m to m accommodate m diversity m ofm teachers m andm environments,m pr
Framework omotem thesem threem fundamentalm concepts:
t
m
SAYSAY:mMEANING a
i
Why mis mthis mimportant? n
v
ThroughmthismTeachingmGuide, d
m e
m teachers m willm bem able m tom facilita
a m
tem anmunderstandingmof mthemva l
f
luem of mthemlessons,mformeachmle e
f
arnerm tomfullymengageminmthemc v
e
ontentm onmbothmthemcognitive e
c
1
, ls.
HUSAY:mMASTERY SARILI:mOWNERSHIP
HowmwillmImdeeplymunderstandmthis WhatmcanmImdomwithmthis?
? Whenm teachersm empowerm le
Givenm thatm developingm mastery arnersmtomtakemownershipmofm
m goes mbeyondmmemorization theirmlearning,mtheymdevelo
,m teachersmshouldmalsomaimmf pm independencemandmself-
orm deepmunderstandingmof mt m direction,m learning m about m bot
hem subjectm matterm wherem theym hm themsubject mmattermandm t
leadm learnersmtomanalyzemand hemselves.
m synthesizemknowledge.
m m m m
inmcollaborationmwithmthemPhilippinemNormal mUniversity
Teaching Guide for Senior High School
m m m m m
PHYSICAL SCIENCE m
CORE SUBJECT
m
Thism Teaching m Guide m was m collaboratively m developed m and m revie
wedm bym educators m fromm public m and m private m schools, m colleges, m
andm universities. m We m encourage m teachers m and m otherm education m
stakeholders m tom emailm their m feedback,m comments, m andm recommen
dations m tom them Commission m onm Higher m Education,m K m to m 12 mTransi
tionmProgram m Management m Unit m -
mSenior m H igh m School m Support m T eamm at m k12 @ched.gov.ph. m Wem v
aluem your m feedback m and m recommendations.
, Development mTeam
TeammLeader: mJosemPericomH.mEsguerra,mPh.D.
Writers
Chemistry mPart: mGianmKarlomR.mDapul,mMariamKristina
This mTeachingmGuidembymthemComm
mSalazar
ission monmHighermEducation mis mlicen
Physics mPart: mJohnrobmY.mBantang,mPh.D. sed munderma mCreativemCommonsm
TechnicalmEditors: mNathanielmP.mHermosa,mPh.D.,mCl Attribution-mNonCommercial-
ShareAlikem4.0mInternational mLice
arisamC.mAvila
nse. mThis mmeans myoumare mfree mto:
PublishedmbymthemCommissionmonmHighermEducation,m2016 Copyreader: mRuthmSantos Sharem—
Chairperson: mPatriciam B.mLicuanan,m Ph.D. Illustrator: mKristellemAdelinemC.mRamos mcopymand mredistribute mthe mmateri
Commissionm onm Higherm Education alminmanymmedium mormformatmAda
ptm—
Kmtom12mTransitionmProgrammManagementmUnit
mremix, mtransform, mand mbuild mupo
Officem Address: m 4thm Floor,m Commissionm onm Higherm Education,
SeniormHighmSchool mSupport mTeam nmthe mmaterial.
C.P.mGarciamAve.,mDiliman,mQuezonmCity CHEDm Km to m 12m Transitionm Programm Management m Uni The mlicensor, mCHED, mcannotmrevoke
Telefax: m(02)m441-0927m/mE-mailmAddress: t mthese mfreedomsmas mlong mas myou mf
ollowmthe mlicensemterms. mHowever,
ProgrammDirector: mKarolmMark mR.mYee
mundermthe mfollowing mterms:mAttrib
LeadmformSeniormHighmSchoolmSupport: utionm—
Consultants GersonmM.mAbesamis mYou mmustmgive mappropriatemcredit,
THISMPROJECT MWASMDEVELOPED MWITH MTHEMPHILIPPINEMN ORMALMUNIVERSITY. mprovide ma mlinkmto mthemlicense,mand
Coursem Development m Officers: mindicate mifmchangesmweremmade. mY
University mPresident: mEstermB.mOgena,mPh.D.
JohnmCarlomP.mFernando,mDaniemSonmD.mGonzalvo,m oummaymdo msominmanymreasonable m
VPm form Academics: m Ma.m Antoinettem C.m Montealegre,m Ph.D.
Stanley mErnestmG .mYu manner, mbutmnotminmanymwaymthatm
VPmformUniversitymRelationsm&mAdvancement:mRosemarievicmV.mDiaz,mPh suggestsmthemlicensormendorses myo
.D. LeadmformPolicy mAdvocacy mandmCommunications: umormyourmuse.
Ma.mCynthiamRosemB.mBautista,mPh.D.,mCHED AverillmM.mPizarro NonCommercial m—
mYou mmaymnotmusemthemmaterial mform
BienvenidomF.mNebres,mS.J.,mPh.D.,mAteneomdemManilamUniversit TeachermTrainingmOfficers:
commercial m purposes.
y mCarmelamC.mOracion,mPh.D.,mAt eneom demManilam University m Ma.mTheresamC.mCarlos,mMylenemE.mDones
ShareAlikem—
MinellamC.mAlarcon,m Ph.D.,m CHED Monitoringm andm Evaluationm Officer: mIfmyou mremix, mtransform, mormbuild m
GarethmPrice,mSheffieldmHallammUniversity RobertmAdrianmN .mDaulat upon mthe mmaterial, myoummustmdistri
StuartmBevins,mPh.D.,mSheffieldmHallammUniversity bute myourmcontributions mundermthe ms
Administrativem Officers: ame mlicense mas mthe moriginal.
Ma.mLeanamPaulamB.mBato,mKevinmRossmD.mNera,mAlli
sonmA.mDanao,mAy henmL oissemB.mDalena
Printed minmthemPhilippines mby mEC-
TEC mCommercial,mNo.m32mSt.m LouismCompoundm7,mBaesa,mQu
ezonmCity,
,Introduction
Asm them Commissionm supports m DepEd’s m implementationm ofm Senior m High m Schoolm (SHS), m itm upholds m the m visio
nm andmmissionmofmthemKmtom12mprogram,mstatedminmSectionm2mofmRepublicmActm10533,mormthemEnhanced
mBasicmEducationm Act m of m 2013,m thatm “every m graduate m of m basic m educationm be m an m empowered m individual, m thr
oughm am programmrootedmon...themcompetencemtomengageminmworkmandmbemproductive,mthemabilitymtomc
oexistminm fruitfulm harmonym withm localm andm globalm communities,m them capabilitym to m engage m in m creative m andm
criticalm thinking,mandmthemcapacitymandmwillingnessmtomtransformmothersmandm oneself.”
Tom accomplish m this,m them Commission m partneredm with m the m Philippinem Normalm Universitym (PNU), m the m Nation
alm CentermformTeacherm Education,mtom developmTeachingmGuidesmformCoursesmofmSHS.mTogethermwithmPN
U,mthismTeaching m Guide m was m studied m andm reviewedm bym education m andm pedagogym experts,m and m was m enhan
cedm withm appropriatemmethodologiesmandmstrategies.
Furthermore,m them Commissionm believes m thatm teachers m are m the m mostm importantm partners m inm attainingm this m
goal.m Incorporated m inm this m Teachingm Guidem ism am framework m thatm willm guide m themm in m creating m lessons m andm
assessmentm tools,m supportm themm in m facilitatingm activities m and m questions, m and m assistm themm towards m deeper
m content mareas mandmcompetencies. mThus, mthemintroductionmof mthemSHS mformSHS mFramework.
Them SHSm form SHSm Framework,m which m stands m form “Saysay-Husay-
Sarilim form Seniorm High m School,” m is m at m the m core m ofm this m book. m Them lessons, m whichm combine m high-
SHS for SHS
m m m
qualitym contentm with m flexible m elements m to m accommodate m diversity m ofm teachers m andm environments,m pr
Framework omotem thesem threem fundamentalm concepts:
t
m
SAYSAY:mMEANING a
i
Why mis mthis mimportant? n
v
ThroughmthismTeachingmGuide, d
m e
m teachers m willm bem able m tom facilita
a m
tem anmunderstandingmof mthemva l
f
luem of mthemlessons,mformeachmle e
f
arnerm tomfullymengageminmthemc v
e
ontentm onmbothmthemcognitive e
c
1
, ls.
HUSAY:mMASTERY SARILI:mOWNERSHIP
HowmwillmImdeeplymunderstandmthis WhatmcanmImdomwithmthis?
? Whenm teachersm empowerm le
Givenm thatm developingm mastery arnersmtomtakemownershipmofm
m goes mbeyondmmemorization theirmlearning,mtheymdevelo
,m teachersmshouldmalsomaimmf pm independencemandmself-
orm deepmunderstandingmof mt m direction,m learning m about m bot
hem subjectm matterm wherem theym hm themsubject mmattermandm t
leadm learnersmtomanalyzemand hemselves.
m synthesizemknowledge.
