Psych GRE - Measurement and Methodology
UPDATED Questions and CORRECT
Answers
(Alfred) Binet - CORRECT ANSWER - developed general IQ tests (BINET SCALE),
designed test to identify slow learners in need of remediation
Binet Scale - CORRECT ANSWER - IQ test; (mental age/chronological age)x100; highest
age used in computation is 16; Mean IQ of Americans is 100 with SD of 15 or 16
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale - CORRECT ANSWER - revised version of BINET
SCALE; predictor of future academic achievement; IQ correlates strongly with IQ of biological
parents (not adoptive parents) and SES of parents
(Lewis) Terman - CORRECT ANSWER - revised Binet's IQ test and established norms for
American children; tested group of young geniuses and followed in a longitudinal study that
lasted beyond his own lifetime to show that high IQ does not necessarily lead to wonderful
things in life
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) - CORRECT ANSWER - the most widely used
intelligence test for adults; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests; current version
is WAIS-IV; for children: WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN; for age 4-
6: WECHSLER PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCALE OF INTELLIGENCE
Goodenough Draw-A-Person Test - CORRECT ANSWER - "Make a picture of a man.
Make the very best picture you can."; children scored based on detail and accuracy, not artistic
talent
Horn and Cattell - CORRECT ANSWER - found FLUID INTELLIGENCE declines with
old age while CRYSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE does not
, Fluid intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - our ability to reason speedily and abstractly;
tends to decrease during late adulthood (knowing how to do something)
Crystallized intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - our accumulated knowledge and verbal
skills; tends to increase with age (knowing a fact)
(Robert) Zajonc - CORRECT ANSWER - studied relationship between birth order and
intelligence; first borns more intelligent than second borns, etc.; the more children in a family,
the less intelligent each child is; relationship affected by the spacing of the children
(Charles) Spearman - CORRECT ANSWER - intelligence; found that specific mental
talents were highly correlated, concluded that all cognitive abilities showed a common core
which he labeled 'g' (general ability); influenced by Sir Francis GALTON
(Sir Francis) Galton - CORRECT ANSWER - believed intelligence is quantifiable,
normally distributed, and influenced by heredity
(Howard) Gardner - CORRECT ANSWER - devised theory of multiple intelligences:
logical-mathematic, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, linguistic, musical, interpersonal,
naturalistic; broadened idea of intelligence beyond cognitive abilities
Emotional intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to perceive, understand,
manage, and use emotions (both ones own and of others)
Achievement tests - CORRECT ANSWER - tests designed to assess what a person has
learned
Aptitude tests - CORRECT ANSWER - tests designed to predict a person's future
performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn (some debate around affectiveness)
Objective tests - CORRECT ANSWER - Personality tests that are administered and scored
in a standard way; do not allow subjects to make their own answers
UPDATED Questions and CORRECT
Answers
(Alfred) Binet - CORRECT ANSWER - developed general IQ tests (BINET SCALE),
designed test to identify slow learners in need of remediation
Binet Scale - CORRECT ANSWER - IQ test; (mental age/chronological age)x100; highest
age used in computation is 16; Mean IQ of Americans is 100 with SD of 15 or 16
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale - CORRECT ANSWER - revised version of BINET
SCALE; predictor of future academic achievement; IQ correlates strongly with IQ of biological
parents (not adoptive parents) and SES of parents
(Lewis) Terman - CORRECT ANSWER - revised Binet's IQ test and established norms for
American children; tested group of young geniuses and followed in a longitudinal study that
lasted beyond his own lifetime to show that high IQ does not necessarily lead to wonderful
things in life
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) - CORRECT ANSWER - the most widely used
intelligence test for adults; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests; current version
is WAIS-IV; for children: WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN; for age 4-
6: WECHSLER PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCALE OF INTELLIGENCE
Goodenough Draw-A-Person Test - CORRECT ANSWER - "Make a picture of a man.
Make the very best picture you can."; children scored based on detail and accuracy, not artistic
talent
Horn and Cattell - CORRECT ANSWER - found FLUID INTELLIGENCE declines with
old age while CRYSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE does not
, Fluid intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - our ability to reason speedily and abstractly;
tends to decrease during late adulthood (knowing how to do something)
Crystallized intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - our accumulated knowledge and verbal
skills; tends to increase with age (knowing a fact)
(Robert) Zajonc - CORRECT ANSWER - studied relationship between birth order and
intelligence; first borns more intelligent than second borns, etc.; the more children in a family,
the less intelligent each child is; relationship affected by the spacing of the children
(Charles) Spearman - CORRECT ANSWER - intelligence; found that specific mental
talents were highly correlated, concluded that all cognitive abilities showed a common core
which he labeled 'g' (general ability); influenced by Sir Francis GALTON
(Sir Francis) Galton - CORRECT ANSWER - believed intelligence is quantifiable,
normally distributed, and influenced by heredity
(Howard) Gardner - CORRECT ANSWER - devised theory of multiple intelligences:
logical-mathematic, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, linguistic, musical, interpersonal,
naturalistic; broadened idea of intelligence beyond cognitive abilities
Emotional intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER - the ability to perceive, understand,
manage, and use emotions (both ones own and of others)
Achievement tests - CORRECT ANSWER - tests designed to assess what a person has
learned
Aptitude tests - CORRECT ANSWER - tests designed to predict a person's future
performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn (some debate around affectiveness)
Objective tests - CORRECT ANSWER - Personality tests that are administered and scored
in a standard way; do not allow subjects to make their own answers
