Microbiology An Evolving Science, 5th Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski, All Chapter 1 - 28 COMPLETE

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Microbiology An Evolving Science, 5th Edition,
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John Foster & Joan Slonczewski, All Chapter 1 - 28
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,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
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MULTIPLExCHOICE

1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagentsxthatxinfectxmulti-cellularxorganisms
b. noncellularxparticlesxthatxtakexoverxthexmetabolismxofxaxcellxtoxgeneratexmorexvirusxpart
icles
c. pathogensxthatxreplicatexinxcomplexxgrowthxmedia
d. cellularxparticlesxthatxbelongxtoxthexarchaeaxdomain
e. microbesxthatxconsistxofxlipidxmembranexenclosedxgenomes
ANS:x B DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.Ax|xI.B
MSC:x Remembering

2. AnalysisxofxDNAxsequencesxreveals:
a. thexancientxconvergencexofxtwoxcellxtypes,xi.e.,xprokaryotesxandxeukaryotes
b. prokaryotesxandxeukaryotesxevolvedxfromxaxcommonxancestralxcell
c. thatxbacteriaxsharexcommonxancestorxwithxarchaea,xbutxnotxwithxeukarya
d. prokaryotesxarexcellsxwithxaxnucleus
e. thexgenomexofxHaemophilusxinfluenzaexhasxaboutx2xbillionxbasexpairs
ANS:x B DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.Ax|xI.B
MSC:x Remembering

3. WhichxofxthesexgroupsxarexconsideredxtoxbexmicrobesxbutxNOTxconsideredxtoxbexcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS:x A DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.A.i
MSC:x Remembering

4. Axmicrobexisxcommonlyxdefinedxas:
a. axvirusxthatxrequiresxaxmicroscopextoxbexseen
b. axbacteriumxthatxrequiresxaxmicroscopextoxbexseen
c. axsingle-cellularxprokaryotexthatxrequiresxaxmicroscopextoxbexseen
d. axmulticellularxeukaryotexthatxrequiresxaxmicroscopextoxbexseen
e. axlivingxorganismxthatxrequiresxaxmicroscopextoxbexseen
ANS:x E DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.A.ix|xI.A.ii
MSC:x Remembering

5. WhichxonexofxthexfollowingxstatementsxregardingxmicrobialxcellsxisxNOTxtrue?
a. Microbialxcellsxacquirexfood,xgainxenergyxtoxbuildxthemselves,xandxrespondxto
environmentalxchange.

, b. Mostxsingle-celledxorganismsxrequirexaxmicroscopextoxrenderxthemxvisible,xbutxsome
bacterialxcellsxarexlargexenoughxtoxbexseenxwithxnakedxeyes.
c. Microbesxfunctionxasxindividualxentities.
d. Manyxmicrobesxformxcomplexxmulticellularxassemblages.
e. Virusesxarexnotxconsideredxasxmicrobialxcells.
ANS:x C DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.A.ix|xI.A.ii
MSC:x Remembering

6. WhichxofxthexfollowingxstatementsxisxFALSE?
a. Axgenomexisxthextotalxgeneticxinformationxcontainedxinxanxorganism’sxchromosomalxDNA.
b. Ifxaxmicrobe’sxgenomexincludesxgenesxforxnitrogenase,xthatxmicrobexprobablyxcanxfixxnitrogen.

c. ByxcomparingxDNAxsequencesxofxdifferentxorganisms,xwexcanxfigurexoutxhowxclosely
relatedxtheyxare.
d. FredxSangerxdevelopedxthexfirstxapplicablexDNAxsequencingxmethod.
e. FredxSangerxcompletedxthexsequencesxofxHaemophilusxinfluenzae.
ANS:x E DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.B
MSC:x Remembering

7. Thexfirstxcellularxgenomesxtoxbexsequencedxwerexthosexof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:x B DIF: Easy REF:xxx1.1 TOP:x I.B.i
MSC:x Remembering

8. ThexenvironmentxofxearlyxEarthxmayxhavexcontainedxallxofxthexfollowingxEXCEPT:
a. ferrousxiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenxgas
c. ammonia
ANS:x D DIF: Easy
REF:xSpecialxTopicx1.1xTOP:x II.D
MSC:x Remembering

9. Thexdevelopmentxofxthextheoryxofxthex―RNAxworld‖xresultedxfromxthexdiscoveryxof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:x D DIF: Medium
REF:xSpecialxTopicx1.1xTOP:x II.D
MSC:x Remembering

10. Whichxmicrobesxmayxresemblexthosexofxthexearliestxlifexforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosyntheticxalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:x A DIF: Medium
REF:xSpecialxTopicx1.1xTOP:x II.D
MSC:x Remembering

11. Earlyxmetabolismxmayxhavexbeenxcatalyzedxby:
a. DNA d. aminoxacids
b. RNA e. carbohydrates