Exam 2 - Logical Fallacies UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
As a discipline, log was founded by ____. Traditional logic is bases upon the work of this person.
- CORRECT ANSWER - Aristotle
"Whenever the cherry trees blossom, the weather begins to get warmer. So cherry blossoms
causes the weather to get warmer." - CORRECT ANSWER - False Cause
Senator Joseph McCarthy (when asked for evidence to back up his accusation that a certain
person was a communist): "I do not have much information on this except the general statement
of the agency that there is nothing in the files to disprove his Communist connections." -
CORRECT ANSWER - Appeal to Ignorance
Appeal to Popular Belief - CORRECT ANSWER - According to a recent nationwide
opinion poll, most people prefer Coke over Pepsi. Therefor, you should too.
loaded question - CORRECT ANSWER - Will you follow your conscience, instead of
your pocketbook, and donate to the cause today?
Romeo Santos is a star, planets usually orbit stars. Therefore, there are planets orbiting Romeo
Santos. - CORRECT ANSWER - Definitional Dodge
False Alternatives - CORRECT ANSWER - "So you think the soup is too cold, don't ya?
Perhaps you'll like it scalding hot then!"
Hasty Generalization - CORRECT ANSWER - "I had a bad time with my former husband.
From that experience, I've learned that all men are no good."
, begging the question - CORRECT ANSWER - Suzi: "I enjoy only good books;" Sam:
"How do you know when they're good?" Suzi: "If they're not good, I don't enjoy them."
False Cause - CORRECT ANSWER - "Twenty-five years after graduation, alumni of
Harvard have an average income five times that of people of the same age who have no college
education. If a person wants to be wealthy, he or she should enroll at Harvard."
Straw Man - CORRECT ANSWER - "Senator Gonzalez says that we should not fund the
attack submarine program. I disagree entirely. I can't understand why she wants to leave us
defenseless like that."
Name Calling - CORRECT ANSWER - "Tim's argument to eliminate the salary cap in pro
sports will have to be rejected, because Tim himself is stupid. How is it possible for stupid plans
to work?"
Errors in reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - Arguments such as a form of proposition,
statements or claims.
arguments - CORRECT ANSWER - the tools of of philosophers. Use to support their
positions and to persuade one another to their point of view.
Two types of Reasoning Errors - CORRECT ANSWER - Believing a falsehood (false
positive; believing something is real when it's not)
Two types of Reasoning Errors - CORRECT ANSWER - Rejecting a truth (false negative;
not believing something is real when it is)
Two major groups of fallacies - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. fallacies in supporting a claim
2. Fallacies of criticism and response
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
As a discipline, log was founded by ____. Traditional logic is bases upon the work of this person.
- CORRECT ANSWER - Aristotle
"Whenever the cherry trees blossom, the weather begins to get warmer. So cherry blossoms
causes the weather to get warmer." - CORRECT ANSWER - False Cause
Senator Joseph McCarthy (when asked for evidence to back up his accusation that a certain
person was a communist): "I do not have much information on this except the general statement
of the agency that there is nothing in the files to disprove his Communist connections." -
CORRECT ANSWER - Appeal to Ignorance
Appeal to Popular Belief - CORRECT ANSWER - According to a recent nationwide
opinion poll, most people prefer Coke over Pepsi. Therefor, you should too.
loaded question - CORRECT ANSWER - Will you follow your conscience, instead of
your pocketbook, and donate to the cause today?
Romeo Santos is a star, planets usually orbit stars. Therefore, there are planets orbiting Romeo
Santos. - CORRECT ANSWER - Definitional Dodge
False Alternatives - CORRECT ANSWER - "So you think the soup is too cold, don't ya?
Perhaps you'll like it scalding hot then!"
Hasty Generalization - CORRECT ANSWER - "I had a bad time with my former husband.
From that experience, I've learned that all men are no good."
, begging the question - CORRECT ANSWER - Suzi: "I enjoy only good books;" Sam:
"How do you know when they're good?" Suzi: "If they're not good, I don't enjoy them."
False Cause - CORRECT ANSWER - "Twenty-five years after graduation, alumni of
Harvard have an average income five times that of people of the same age who have no college
education. If a person wants to be wealthy, he or she should enroll at Harvard."
Straw Man - CORRECT ANSWER - "Senator Gonzalez says that we should not fund the
attack submarine program. I disagree entirely. I can't understand why she wants to leave us
defenseless like that."
Name Calling - CORRECT ANSWER - "Tim's argument to eliminate the salary cap in pro
sports will have to be rejected, because Tim himself is stupid. How is it possible for stupid plans
to work?"
Errors in reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER - Arguments such as a form of proposition,
statements or claims.
arguments - CORRECT ANSWER - the tools of of philosophers. Use to support their
positions and to persuade one another to their point of view.
Two types of Reasoning Errors - CORRECT ANSWER - Believing a falsehood (false
positive; believing something is real when it's not)
Two types of Reasoning Errors - CORRECT ANSWER - Rejecting a truth (false negative;
not believing something is real when it is)
Two major groups of fallacies - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. fallacies in supporting a claim
2. Fallacies of criticism and response
