NBCE PART 3 IRENE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

NBCE PART 3 IRENE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS Increased ________________ in the blood causes increased bilirubin in the urine - Answer-Conjugated (direct) bilirubin Downey cell - Answer-Mono: atypical lymphocyte ESR male vs. female normal - Answer-0-15 male 0-20 female Bacterial meningitis CSF finding - Answer-Decreased glucose Viral meningitis CSF finding - Answer-Increased protein Heterophile (Paul Bunnel). Agglutination. - Answer-Mono SGOT (AST) increased - Answer-MI SGPT (ALT) increased - Answer-Liver Howell Jolly bodies (nucleated RBC). Hgb S - Answer-Sickle cell Target cells. Decreased synthesis of beta chains - Answer-Thalassemia (Cooley's anemia) Reed Sternberg cell - Answer-Hodgkin's Hyaline casts - Answer-Normal RBC casts - Answer-Glomerulonephritis WBC casts - Answer-Pyelonephritis Waxy fatty oval casts - Answer-Nephrotic syndrome Organism glomerulonephritis - Answer-Strep (ASO titre) Organism pyelonephritis - Answer-E. coli Foamy urine, anorexia, puffy eyelids, hypertension, edema, proteinuria - Answer-Nephrotic syndrome Green urine - Answer-Biliverdin Biliary duct obstruction Blue urine - Answer-Diuretic therapy Black/brown-black urine - Answer-Homogenistic acid, urobilin Ochronosis, hemolysis, bacteria Normal pH and normal specific gravity of urine - Answer-4.5-7.5 pH 1.01-1.03 specific gravity Most common location of prostate cancer - Answer-Posterior lobe Westphal's sign - Answer-Absence of any DTR especially patellar Indicates LMN lesion Jendrassik's maneuver - Answer-Brings out reflex by cortical distraction Ciliospinal reflex - Answer-Pinch neck, eyes dilate Cervical sympathetics Oculocardiac reflex - Answer-Press eye, heart slows In V, out X Carotid sinus reflex - Answer-Press on carotid sinus, heart slows, BP decreases In IX, out X T1: dorsal interossei - Answer-Finger abduction T1: palmar interossei - Answer-Finger adduction Sx of meniere's dz - Answer-Tinnitus Transient deafness Vertigo Erb's palsy - Answer-C5-C6 (birth trauma) Wrist drop - Answer-C7 Radial n. Klumpke's paralysis - Answer-C7-C8 (birth trauma) Meralgia Paresthetica - Answer-L1-L2 Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve Foot drop - Answer-L4-L5 Tarsal tunnel syndrome - Answer-Medial plantar nerve Branch of tibial n. Ape hand - Answer-Pronator teres entrapment (median n.) Claw hand - Answer-Tunnel of Guyon entrapment (ulnar n.) Corticospinal tract (pyramidal) - Answer-Voluntary motor Lesion: UMN Lateral spinothalamic tract - Answer-P & T Anterior spinothalamic tract - Answer-Crude light touch Vestibulospinal tract - Answer-Balances reflexes Rubrospinal tract - Answer-Muscle tone and synergy Dermatomes: nipple and belly button - Answer-Nipple= T4 Belly button= T10 Brown sequard - Answer-Ipsilateral spastic paralysis and loss of proprioception Contralateral loss of pain and temperature Gower's sign - Answer-When arising from supine position, patient turns to prone position then climbs up on themselves Muscular dystrophy (Erb Duchenne) Erb Duchenne S and S - Answer-Recessive women are carriers Pseudohypertrophy of the calves 3-7 yo 20 years life expectancy Pot belly stance Toe walking Gower's sign