NCLEX Renal Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
1. A client has been admitted 2. The normal blood urea nitrogen level is
to the hospital for urinary 8 to 25 mg/dL. Values such as those in
tract infection an dehydration. options 3 and 4 reflect continued dehydra-
The nurse determines that the tion. Option 1 reflects a lower than normal
client has received adequate value, which may occur with fluid volume
volume replacement if the BUN overload, among other conditions.
drops to:
1. 3 mg/dL
2. 15 mg/dL
3. 29 mg/dL
4. 35 mg/dL
2. An adult client has had lab 3. The normal serum creatinine level for
work done as part of a routine adults is 0.6 to 1.3 mg/dL. The client with
physical exam. The nurse inter- a mild degree of renal insufficiency would
prets that the client may have have a slightly elevated level. A creatinine
a mild degree of renal insuffi- level of 0.2 mg/dL is low, and a level of 0.5
ciency if which of the following mg/dL is just below normal. A creatinine
serum creatinine levels is not- level of 3.5 mg/dL may be associated with
ed? acute or chronic renal failure.
1. 0.2 mg/dL
2. 0.5 mg/dL
3. 1.9 mg/dL
4. 3.5 mg/dL
3. The nurse instructs a client 1. The diet for a client with renal failure
with renal failure who is re- who is receiving hemodialysis should in-
ceiving hemodialysis about di- clude controlled amounts of sodium, phos-
etary modifications. The nurse phorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids. Op-
determines that the client un- tions 2, 3, and 4 are high in sodium, phos-
derstands these dietary mod- phorus and potassium.
ifications if the client selects
which items from the menu?
1. Cream of wheat, blueberries,
coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana,
orange juice.
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon,
tomato juice.
, NCLEX Renal Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
4. Cured pork, grits, strawber-
ries, orange juice.
4. The client with acute renal fail- 2. The client with hyperkalemia is at risk
ure has a serum potassium of developing cardiac dysrhythmias and
level of 6.0 mEq/L. The nurse cardiac arrest. Because of this, the client
would plan which of the follow- should be placed on a cardiac monitor. Flu-
ing as a priority action? id intake is not increased because it con-
1. Check the sodium level. tributes to fluid overload and would not af-
2. Place the client on a cardiac fect the serum potassium level significantly.
monitor. Vegetables are a natural source of potas-
3. Encourage increased veg- sium in the diet, and their use would not
etables in the diet. be increased. The nurse also may assess
4. Allow an extra 500 mL of fluid the sodium level because sodium is an-
intake to dilute the electrolyte other electrolyte commonly measured with
concentration. the potassium level. However, this is not a
priority action of the nurse.
5. The client with chronic renal 4. Antihypertensive medications such as
failure is scheduled for he- enalapril are given to the client following
modialysis this morning is due hemodialysis. This prevents the client from
to receive a daily dose of becoming hypotensive during dialysis and
enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse also from having the medication removed
should plan to administer this from the bloodstream by dialysis. No ra-
medication: tionale exists for waiting an entire day to
1. During dialysis. resume the medication. This would lead to
2. Just before dialysis. ineffective control of the blood pressure.
3. The day after dialysis.
4. On return from dialysis.
6. The client with chronic renal 1. Clients with peritoneal dialysis catheters
failure has an indwelling ab- are at high risk for infection. A wet dress-
dominal catheter for peritoneal ing is a conduit for bacteria to reach the
dialysis. The client spills water catheter insertion site. The nurse ensures
on the catheter dressing while that the dressing is kept dry at all times.
bathing. The nurse should im- Reinforcing the dressing is not a safe prac-
mediately: tice to prevent infection in this circum-
1. Change the dressing. stance. Flushing the catheter is not indi-
2. Reinforce the dressing. cated. Scrubbing the catheter with povi-
, NCLEX Renal Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
3. Flush the peritoneal dialysis done-iodine is done at the time of connec-
catheter. tion or disconnection of peritoneal dialysis.
4. Scrub the catheter with
providone-iodine.
7. The client being hemodialyzed 1. If the client experiences air embolus dur-
suddenly becomes short of ing hemodialysis, the nurse should termi-
breath and complains of chest nate dialysis immediately, notify the physi-
pain. The client is tachycardic, cian, and administer oxygen as needed.
pale, and anxious. The nurse Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
suspects air embolism. The pri-
ority action for the nurse is to:
1. Discontinue dialysis and no-
tify the physician.
2. Monitor vital signs every 15
minutes for the next hour.
3. Continue dialysis at a slower
rate after checking the lines for
air.
4. Bolus the client with 500 mL
of normal saline to break up the
embolus.
8. The nurse has completed client 3. The client on hemodialysis should moni-
teaching with the hemodial- tor fluid status between hemodialysis treat-
ysis client about self-moni- ments by recording intake and output and
toring between hemodialysis measuring weight daily. Ideally, the he-
treatments. The nurse deter- modialysis client should not gain more than
mines that the client best un- 0.5 kg of weight/day.
derstands the information if the
client states to record daily the:
1. Amount of activity.
2. Pulse and respiratory rate.
3. Intake and output and
weight.
4. Blood urea nitrogen and cre-
atinine levels.
9.
1. A client has been admitted 2. The normal blood urea nitrogen level is
to the hospital for urinary 8 to 25 mg/dL. Values such as those in
tract infection an dehydration. options 3 and 4 reflect continued dehydra-
The nurse determines that the tion. Option 1 reflects a lower than normal
client has received adequate value, which may occur with fluid volume
volume replacement if the BUN overload, among other conditions.
drops to:
1. 3 mg/dL
2. 15 mg/dL
3. 29 mg/dL
4. 35 mg/dL
2. An adult client has had lab 3. The normal serum creatinine level for
work done as part of a routine adults is 0.6 to 1.3 mg/dL. The client with
physical exam. The nurse inter- a mild degree of renal insufficiency would
prets that the client may have have a slightly elevated level. A creatinine
a mild degree of renal insuffi- level of 0.2 mg/dL is low, and a level of 0.5
ciency if which of the following mg/dL is just below normal. A creatinine
serum creatinine levels is not- level of 3.5 mg/dL may be associated with
ed? acute or chronic renal failure.
1. 0.2 mg/dL
2. 0.5 mg/dL
3. 1.9 mg/dL
4. 3.5 mg/dL
3. The nurse instructs a client 1. The diet for a client with renal failure
with renal failure who is re- who is receiving hemodialysis should in-
ceiving hemodialysis about di- clude controlled amounts of sodium, phos-
etary modifications. The nurse phorus, calcium, potassium, and fluids. Op-
determines that the client un- tions 2, 3, and 4 are high in sodium, phos-
derstands these dietary mod- phorus and potassium.
ifications if the client selects
which items from the menu?
1. Cream of wheat, blueberries,
coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana,
orange juice.
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon,
tomato juice.
, NCLEX Renal Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
4. Cured pork, grits, strawber-
ries, orange juice.
4. The client with acute renal fail- 2. The client with hyperkalemia is at risk
ure has a serum potassium of developing cardiac dysrhythmias and
level of 6.0 mEq/L. The nurse cardiac arrest. Because of this, the client
would plan which of the follow- should be placed on a cardiac monitor. Flu-
ing as a priority action? id intake is not increased because it con-
1. Check the sodium level. tributes to fluid overload and would not af-
2. Place the client on a cardiac fect the serum potassium level significantly.
monitor. Vegetables are a natural source of potas-
3. Encourage increased veg- sium in the diet, and their use would not
etables in the diet. be increased. The nurse also may assess
4. Allow an extra 500 mL of fluid the sodium level because sodium is an-
intake to dilute the electrolyte other electrolyte commonly measured with
concentration. the potassium level. However, this is not a
priority action of the nurse.
5. The client with chronic renal 4. Antihypertensive medications such as
failure is scheduled for he- enalapril are given to the client following
modialysis this morning is due hemodialysis. This prevents the client from
to receive a daily dose of becoming hypotensive during dialysis and
enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse also from having the medication removed
should plan to administer this from the bloodstream by dialysis. No ra-
medication: tionale exists for waiting an entire day to
1. During dialysis. resume the medication. This would lead to
2. Just before dialysis. ineffective control of the blood pressure.
3. The day after dialysis.
4. On return from dialysis.
6. The client with chronic renal 1. Clients with peritoneal dialysis catheters
failure has an indwelling ab- are at high risk for infection. A wet dress-
dominal catheter for peritoneal ing is a conduit for bacteria to reach the
dialysis. The client spills water catheter insertion site. The nurse ensures
on the catheter dressing while that the dressing is kept dry at all times.
bathing. The nurse should im- Reinforcing the dressing is not a safe prac-
mediately: tice to prevent infection in this circum-
1. Change the dressing. stance. Flushing the catheter is not indi-
2. Reinforce the dressing. cated. Scrubbing the catheter with povi-
, NCLEX Renal Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
3. Flush the peritoneal dialysis done-iodine is done at the time of connec-
catheter. tion or disconnection of peritoneal dialysis.
4. Scrub the catheter with
providone-iodine.
7. The client being hemodialyzed 1. If the client experiences air embolus dur-
suddenly becomes short of ing hemodialysis, the nurse should termi-
breath and complains of chest nate dialysis immediately, notify the physi-
pain. The client is tachycardic, cian, and administer oxygen as needed.
pale, and anxious. The nurse Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
suspects air embolism. The pri-
ority action for the nurse is to:
1. Discontinue dialysis and no-
tify the physician.
2. Monitor vital signs every 15
minutes for the next hour.
3. Continue dialysis at a slower
rate after checking the lines for
air.
4. Bolus the client with 500 mL
of normal saline to break up the
embolus.
8. The nurse has completed client 3. The client on hemodialysis should moni-
teaching with the hemodial- tor fluid status between hemodialysis treat-
ysis client about self-moni- ments by recording intake and output and
toring between hemodialysis measuring weight daily. Ideally, the he-
treatments. The nurse deter- modialysis client should not gain more than
mines that the client best un- 0.5 kg of weight/day.
derstands the information if the
client states to record daily the:
1. Amount of activity.
2. Pulse and respiratory rate.
3. Intake and output and
weight.
4. Blood urea nitrogen and cre-
atinine levels.
9.
